American Civil War

James R. Arnold is a military historian and author of more than 20 books.Roberta Wiener is managing editor of the Journal of Military History.

With the 150th anniversary of the conflict underway, editors Arnold and Wiener have put together a handy resource that takes a manifold approach, combining an A–Z encyclopedia format with 20 lengthy, illustrative primary documents; an extensive chronology; and a handful of significant essays that tackle the causality and consequences of the Civil War. . . . Sources such as this will be indispensible to collections supporting middle and high-school curriculums.

• Overview of the American Civil War,Causes of the American Civil War,Consequences of the American Civil War,REFERENCE ENTRIESAbolitionism,African Americans, Confederate Army,African Americans, Union Army,Antebellum Decade, 1850–1860,Antietam, Battle of (September 17, 1862),Appomattox Court House and Surrender,Artillery,Atlanta Campaign,Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant (1818–1893),Blockade of the Confederacy,Border States,Bragg, Braxton (1817–1876),Buell, Don Carlos (1818–1898),Bull Run (Manassas), First Battle of (July 21, 1861),Bull Run (Manassas), Second Battle of (August 29–30, 1862),Burnside, Ambrose Everett (1824–1881),Cavalry Organization and Tactics,Champion Hill, Battle of,Chancellorsville, Battle of,Chattanooga, Battle of,Chickamauga, Battle of,Civil Liberties, Confederate,Civil Liberties, Union,Congress, Confederate,Congress, Union,Conscription, Confederate,Conscription, Union,Davis, Jefferson (1808–1889),Desertion,Early, Jubal (1816–1894),Espionage,Farragut, David Glasgow (1801–1870),Foreign Involvement,Forrest, Nathan Bedford (1821–1877),Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, Battles of,Fort Sumter, Battle of,Gettysburg Campaign (June–July 1863),Grant, Ulysses S. (1822–1885),Guerrilla Warfare,Halleck, Henry Wager (1815–1872),Hardee, William J. (1815–1873),Hood, John Bell (1831–1879),Hooker, Joseph (1814–1879),Industry,Infantry Combat in the Civil War,Infantry Organization and Equipment,Jackson, Thomas J. (1824–1863),Johnston, Albert Sidney (1803–1862),Johnston, Joseph E. (1803–1891),Kentucky Campaign,Lee, Robert E. (1807–1870),Lincoln, Abraham (1809–1865),Longstreet, James (1821–1904),McClellan, George Brinton (1826–1885),Meade, George (1815–1872),Medicine,Monitor versus Virginia,Native Americans,Navy, Confederate,Navy, Union,News of the War,Officer Corps,Overland Campaign,Pemberton, John Clifford (1814–1881),Peninsula Campaign,Petersburg, Siege of,Polk, Leonidas (1806–1864),Pope, John (1822–1892),Porter, David Dixon (1813–1891),Prisoners of War,Railroads,Reconstruction,Rosecrans, William Starke (1819–1898),Scott, Winfield (1786–1866),Secession,Shenandoah Valley (1862 and 1864),Sheridan, Philip Henry (1831–1888),Sherman, William Tecumseh (1820–1891),Shiloh, Battle of,Slavery,Smith, Edmund Kirby (1824–1893),Stones River, Battle of,Strategy, Confederate,Strategy, Union,Stuart, James Ewell Brown (1833–1864),Telegraph,Theaters of War,Thomas, George Henry (1816–1870),Trans-Mississippi Theater,Vicksburg, Siege of,PRIMARY SOURCE DOCUMENTSFugitive Slave Acts (1793, 1850),Missouri Compromise (March 3, 1820),Frederick Douglass: "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" (July 5, 1852),South Carolina Ordinance of Secession (December 20, 1860),Jefferson Davis: Inaugural Address (February 18, 1861),Robert E. Lee: Resignation from the U.S. Army (April 20, 1861) and correspondence regarding his command of Virginia forces,Ulysses S. Grant: Excerpt from autobiography, events of 1861,Abraham Lincoln: Address to Congress (July 4, 1861),"The Battle Hymn of the Republic" (1862),Conscription Acts (April 16, 1862, and March 3, 1863),Emancipation Proclamation (September 22, 1862),Sam R. Watkins: Book excerpt, Confederate reaction to conscription,Clement Vallandigham: Speech before Congress (February 23, 1863) and letter from prison (May 5, 1863),Mary Loughborough: Book excerpt, siege of Vicksburg,Abraham Lincoln: Gettysburg Address (November 19, 1863),Robert McAllister: Letter, Union account of battle of May 12, 1864,Theodore Lyman: Letter of Union soldier (May 18, 1864),William T. Sherman: Orders concerning the march through Georgia (November 8–9, 1864),Robert E. Lee: Surrender at Appomattox and farewell to troops (April 1865),Reconstruction Acts (1867),APPENDIX: HISTORICAL DILEMMAS IN THE AMERICAN CIVIL WARLeadership in the Civil War,Congress and the War,Presidential Politics,International Relations,Collapse of the Confederacy,American Civil War Timeline,Bibliography,List of Editors and Contributors,About the Editors,Index,