Dr. Rosemary Papa currently serves as The Del and Jewel Lewis Endowed Chair in Learning Centered Leadership and Professor of Educational Leadership in the College of Education at Northern Arizona University- a position she has held since 2007. Her record of publications includes twelve books as author or co-author, numerous book chapters, monographs and over eighty referred journal articles. She has served as a Principal and Chief School Administrator for two districts in Nebraska, California State University system level Assistant Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Vice President for Sylvan Learning, Inc., Faculty Director of a University-based Center for Teaching and Learning in California and founded two joint doctoral programs in Educational Leadership with University of California universities. She has worked internationally as a noted educator with expertise in leadership characteristics known as accoutrements, mentoring, adult learning and multi-media technology. Dr. Fenwick English currently is the R. Wendell Eaves Senior Distinguished Professor of Educational Leadership in the School of Education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a position he has held since 2001. Dr. English is the author or co-author of over thirty-five books and has presented his research over two decades at the American Educational Research Association Divisions A and L; National Council of Professors of Educational Administration; University Council of Educational Administration; British Educational Leadership and Management Society; and the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration. He and Rosemary Papa have co-authored many texts including Restoring Human Agency to Educational Administration: Status and Strategies (2010); Turnaround Principals for Underperforming Schools (2011); and Educational Leadership at 2050: Conjectures, Challenges, and Promises (2012). He was the President of NCPEA (2011-2012) and of UCEA (2006-07) respectively. As an educational practitioner he has held the positions of assistant principal and middle school principal (California); assistant superintendent of schools (Florida); superintendent of schools (New York); associate executive director of the AASA (Virginia); National Practice Director of Elementary and Secondary Education for Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. (Washington, D.C.); Department Chair-University of Cincinnati (Ohio); Dean, School of Education at Indiana University-Purdue University in Fort Wayne and later Vice-Chancellor of Academic Affairs (Indiana). He is the acknowledged father of the curriculum management audit and has worked in many of the large urban school systems in the U.S.Dr. Frank Davidsonbegan his career in education serving as a Peace Corps volunteer in Paraguay and has been a K-12 teacher and principal, curriculum administrator, and superintendent. He is the past President of the Superintendents’ Division of the Arizona School Administrators; In 2000, he received the Arizona School Administrators’ All-Arizona Superintendent Award for Large School Districts; and, In 2006, he was selected as Arizona Superintendent of the Year and was named as Arizona’s nominee for the American Association of School Administrators Superintendent of the Year Award. He is the Superintendent of the Casa Grande Elementary School District, a position he has held since 1997.Dr. Mary K. Culver is an associate professor of Educational Leadership at Northern Arizona University. Specializing in curriculum and instructional supervision, she has served as a program manager, director of satellite schools, assistant principal, and principal in the public school system of Arizona. She has published "Applying Servant Leadership in Today's Schools" and many articles on leadership, and serves as consultant to multiple schools in instruction and teacher evaluation. Dr. Culver graduated from Arizona State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in statistical history, and again with a Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction, with her terminal degree in Educational Leadership from Northern Arizona University.Dr. Ric Brown served 6 years as the Chief Academic Officer (Provost/ Vice President for Academic Affairs) at California State University, Sacramento until his retirement in 2007. In addition to being a professor for over 30 years, he also held the positions of Associate Vice President for Graduate Studies and Research at Sacramento and Director of University Grants and Research at California State University, Fresno. His academic areas include statistics, research, measurement and evaluation. He has published extensively and has a book on higher education administration published in fall, 2008. He currently serves as adjunct faculty at Northern Arizona University (teaching statistics and higher education classes) and resides in Sedona, AZ.

The authors of this book have taken a holistic view of school leadership as a twenty-first century approach to leading schools. Leadership is presented as an individualized approach that requires operationalizing—and meshing—one’s skills with the educational system in a symbiotic relationship. How one gains insight and understanding about one’s role and impact as a leader is a valuable contribution to the field of educational leadership preparation.

• Table of ContentsPrefaceForeword DedicationChapter 1 A Prism for Understanding Great LeadershipThe Nature of Educational LeadershipA Model to Discuss Educational LeadershipThe Fluid Nature of IdentityThe Nature of AccoutrementsThe Critical Questions in School CultureBourdieu’s Concept of Reflexivity vs. Reflective ThinkingMore than ‘Reflective Evaluation Craft’An Example of Reflexivity: Rational Choice Theory as a Silent PresuppositionChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about Great LeadersChapter 2 Habits of Reflection and Focus on InstructionMaturation of LeadershipShared LeadershipFocus on InstructionHands-on Instructional LeadershipOptimismWorking TogetherHabitual Values ReflectionChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about ValuesChapter 3 The Most Important Knowledge Begins with Self The Second Kind of Knowledge: The Anchor of Professional PracticeProfessional Practice Based on Dogma Leads to Tragic MistakesThe Fallacy of ‘Research based’ Knowledge as SuperiorIpsa Scientia Potestas Est: The Politics of KnowledgeCurrent Issue Analysis: The Great Leaders Mentoring KnowledgeCurrent Issue Analysis: Leading Curriculum ImprovementCurrent Issue Analysis: Student Retention in Theory and in PracticeCurrent Issue Analysis: Technology and Its Role in Teaching and Learning/Social MediaCurrent Issue Analysis: Trends of the Day in Common Core State StandardsCurrent Issue Analysis: Families and CommunitiesChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about KnowledgeChapter 4 The Acquisition and Refinement of Skills and Insights to Inspire OthersGreat Leaders Prioritize Teaching and LearningGreat Leaders Build Strong ConnectionsGreat Leaders Maintain a Disciplined FocusGreat Leaders Learn to Manage Efficiently In Order to Lead EffectivelyGreat Leaders Choose to be OptimistsChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about SkillsChapter 5Leadership Identity, Practice and WisdomAn Historic Example of an Accouterment for all time: Jeanne d’ArcThe American Jeanne d’ Arc: Rosa ParksFrom An Angry Young Man to a Person Of Ubuntu: An Example of Self-TransformationThe Multifaceted Nature of Human IdentityContextual Changes: How the Model of Accoutrements WorksContextual Challenges to Educational Leadership+Learning How to Become Great LeadersChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about IdentityChapter 6TheContinuing Quest to Discern Leadership ContoursOriginal California StudyThe Future Demographics of America: Microcosm ArizonaArizona SuperintendentsPrincipals-in-TrainingArizona High Achieving Schools Administrator Focus GroupsThe Quest of Identity through the Contours of LeadershipChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about ContoursList of Exhibits, Figures and TablesAppendicesAppendix A: The Learning Extensions Chart with Author CommentaryAppendix B: A Brief Description of the Contexts of Great LeadershipAppendix C: A Chronology of Peer-reviewed Research on the Accoutrements

Dr. Rosemary Papa currently serves as The Del and Jewel Lewis Endowed Chair in Learning Centered Leadership and Professor of Educational Leadership in the College of Education at Northern Arizona University- a position she has held since 2007. Her record of publications includes twelve books as author or co-author, numerous book chapters, monographs and over eighty referred journal articles. She has served as a Principal and Chief School Administrator for two districts in Nebraska, California State University system level Assistant Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Vice President for Sylvan Learning, Inc., Faculty Director of a University-based Center for Teaching and Learning in California and founded two joint doctoral programs in Educational Leadership with University of California universities. She has worked internationally as a noted educator with expertise in leadership characteristics known as accoutrements, mentoring, adult learning and multi-media technology. Dr. Fenwick English currently is the R. Wendell Eaves Senior Distinguished Professor of Educational Leadership in the School of Education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a position he has held since 2001. Dr. English is the author or co-author of over thirty-five books and has presented his research over two decades at the American Educational Research Association Divisions A and L; National Council of Professors of Educational Administration; University Council of Educational Administration; British Educational Leadership and Management Society; and the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration. He and Rosemary Papa have co-authored many texts including Restoring Human Agency to Educational Administration: Status and Strategies (2010); Turnaround Principals for Underperforming Schools (2011); and Educational Leadership at 2050: Conjectures, Challenges, and Promises (2012). He was the President of NCPEA (2011-2012) and of UCEA (2006-07) respectively. As an educational practitioner he has held the positions of assistant principal and middle school principal (California); assistant superintendent of schools (Florida); superintendent of schools (New York); associate executive director of the AASA (Virginia); National Practice Director of Elementary and Secondary Education for Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. (Washington, D.C.); Department Chair-University of Cincinnati (Ohio); Dean, School of Education at Indiana University-Purdue University in Fort Wayne and later Vice-Chancellor of Academic Affairs (Indiana). He is the acknowledged father of the curriculum management audit and has worked in many of the large urban school systems in the U.S.Dr. Frank Davidsonbegan his career in education serving as a Peace Corps volunteer in Paraguay and has been a K-12 teacher and principal, curriculum administrator, and superintendent. He is the past President of the Superintendents’ Division of the Arizona School Administrators; In 2000, he received the Arizona School Administrators’ All-Arizona Superintendent Award for Large School Districts; and, In 2006, he was selected as Arizona Superintendent of the Year and was named as Arizona’s nominee for the American Association of School Administrators Superintendent of the Year Award. He is the Superintendent of the Casa Grande Elementary School District, a position he has held since 1997.Dr. Mary K. Culver is an associate professor of Educational Leadership at Northern Arizona University. Specializing in curriculum and instructional supervision, she has served as a program manager, director of satellite schools, assistant principal, and principal in the public school system of Arizona. She has published "Applying Servant Leadership in Today's Schools" and many articles on leadership, and serves as consultant to multiple schools in instruction and teacher evaluation. Dr. Culver graduated from Arizona State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in statistical history, and again with a Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction, with her terminal degree in Educational Leadership from Northern Arizona University.Dr. Ric Brown served 6 years as the Chief Academic Officer (Provost/ Vice President for Academic Affairs) at California State University, Sacramento until his retirement in 2007. In addition to being a professor for over 30 years, he also held the positions of Associate Vice President for Graduate Studies and Research at Sacramento and Director of University Grants and Research at California State University, Fresno. His academic areas include statistics, research, measurement and evaluation. He has published extensively and has a book on higher education administration published in fall, 2008. He currently serves as adjunct faculty at Northern Arizona University (teaching statistics and higher education classes) and resides in Sedona, AZ.

The authors of this book have taken a holistic view of school leadership as a twenty-first century approach to leading schools. Leadership is presented as an individualized approach that requires operationalizing—and meshing—one’s skills with the educational system in a symbiotic relationship. How one gains insight and understanding about one’s role and impact as a leader is a valuable contribution to the field of educational leadership preparation.

• Table of ContentsPrefaceForeword DedicationChapter 1 A Prism for Understanding Great LeadershipThe Nature of Educational LeadershipA Model to Discuss Educational LeadershipThe Fluid Nature of IdentityThe Nature of AccoutrementsThe Critical Questions in School CultureBourdieu’s Concept of Reflexivity vs. Reflective ThinkingMore than ‘Reflective Evaluation Craft’An Example of Reflexivity: Rational Choice Theory as a Silent PresuppositionChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about Great LeadersChapter 2 Habits of Reflection and Focus on InstructionMaturation of LeadershipShared LeadershipFocus on InstructionHands-on Instructional LeadershipOptimismWorking TogetherHabitual Values ReflectionChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about ValuesChapter 3 The Most Important Knowledge Begins with Self The Second Kind of Knowledge: The Anchor of Professional PracticeProfessional Practice Based on Dogma Leads to Tragic MistakesThe Fallacy of ‘Research based’ Knowledge as SuperiorIpsa Scientia Potestas Est: The Politics of KnowledgeCurrent Issue Analysis: The Great Leaders Mentoring KnowledgeCurrent Issue Analysis: Leading Curriculum ImprovementCurrent Issue Analysis: Student Retention in Theory and in PracticeCurrent Issue Analysis: Technology and Its Role in Teaching and Learning/Social MediaCurrent Issue Analysis: Trends of the Day in Common Core State StandardsCurrent Issue Analysis: Families and CommunitiesChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about KnowledgeChapter 4 The Acquisition and Refinement of Skills and Insights to Inspire OthersGreat Leaders Prioritize Teaching and LearningGreat Leaders Build Strong ConnectionsGreat Leaders Maintain a Disciplined FocusGreat Leaders Learn to Manage Efficiently In Order to Lead EffectivelyGreat Leaders Choose to be OptimistsChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about SkillsChapter 5Leadership Identity, Practice and WisdomAn Historic Example of an Accouterment for all time: Jeanne d’ArcThe American Jeanne d’ Arc: Rosa ParksFrom An Angry Young Man to a Person Of Ubuntu: An Example of Self-TransformationThe Multifaceted Nature of Human IdentityContextual Changes: How the Model of Accoutrements WorksContextual Challenges to Educational Leadership+Learning How to Become Great LeadersChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about IdentityChapter 6TheContinuing Quest to Discern Leadership ContoursOriginal California StudyThe Future Demographics of America: Microcosm ArizonaArizona SuperintendentsPrincipals-in-TrainingArizona High Achieving Schools Administrator Focus GroupsThe Quest of Identity through the Contours of LeadershipChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about ContoursList of Exhibits, Figures and TablesAppendicesAppendix A: The Learning Extensions Chart with Author CommentaryAppendix B: A Brief Description of the Contexts of Great LeadershipAppendix C: A Chronology of Peer-reviewed Research on the Accoutrements

Dr. Rosemary Papa currently serves as The Del and Jewel Lewis Endowed Chair in Learning Centered Leadership and Professor of Educational Leadership in the College of Education at Northern Arizona University- a position she has held since 2007. Her record of publications includes twelve books as author or co-author, numerous book chapters, monographs and over eighty referred journal articles. She has served as a Principal and Chief School Administrator for two districts in Nebraska, California State University system level Assistant Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Vice President for Sylvan Learning, Inc., Faculty Director of a University-based Center for Teaching and Learning in California and founded two joint doctoral programs in Educational Leadership with University of California universities. She has worked internationally as a noted educator with expertise in leadership characteristics known as accoutrements, mentoring, adult learning and multi-media technology. Dr. Fenwick English currently is the R. Wendell Eaves Senior Distinguished Professor of Educational Leadership in the School of Education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a position he has held since 2001. Dr. English is the author or co-author of over thirty-five books and has presented his research over two decades at the American Educational Research Association Divisions A and L; National Council of Professors of Educational Administration; University Council of Educational Administration; British Educational Leadership and Management Society; and the Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration. He and Rosemary Papa have co-authored many texts including Restoring Human Agency to Educational Administration: Status and Strategies (2010); Turnaround Principals for Underperforming Schools (2011); and Educational Leadership at 2050: Conjectures, Challenges, and Promises (2012). He was the President of NCPEA (2011-2012) and of UCEA (2006-07) respectively. As an educational practitioner he has held the positions of assistant principal and middle school principal (California); assistant superintendent of schools (Florida); superintendent of schools (New York); associate executive director of the AASA (Virginia); National Practice Director of Elementary and Secondary Education for Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. (Washington, D.C.); Department Chair-University of Cincinnati (Ohio); Dean, School of Education at Indiana University-Purdue University in Fort Wayne and later Vice-Chancellor of Academic Affairs (Indiana). He is the acknowledged father of the curriculum management audit and has worked in many of the large urban school systems in the U.S.Dr. Frank Davidsonbegan his career in education serving as a Peace Corps volunteer in Paraguay and has been a K-12 teacher and principal, curriculum administrator, and superintendent. He is the past President of the Superintendents’ Division of the Arizona School Administrators; In 2000, he received the Arizona School Administrators’ All-Arizona Superintendent Award for Large School Districts; and, In 2006, he was selected as Arizona Superintendent of the Year and was named as Arizona’s nominee for the American Association of School Administrators Superintendent of the Year Award. He is the Superintendent of the Casa Grande Elementary School District, a position he has held since 1997.Dr. Mary K. Culver is an associate professor of Educational Leadership at Northern Arizona University. Specializing in curriculum and instructional supervision, she has served as a program manager, director of satellite schools, assistant principal, and principal in the public school system of Arizona. She has published "Applying Servant Leadership in Today's Schools" and many articles on leadership, and serves as consultant to multiple schools in instruction and teacher evaluation. Dr. Culver graduated from Arizona State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in statistical history, and again with a Masters of Education in Curriculum and Instruction, with her terminal degree in Educational Leadership from Northern Arizona University.Dr. Ric Brown served 6 years as the Chief Academic Officer (Provost/ Vice President for Academic Affairs) at California State University, Sacramento until his retirement in 2007. In addition to being a professor for over 30 years, he also held the positions of Associate Vice President for Graduate Studies and Research at Sacramento and Director of University Grants and Research at California State University, Fresno. His academic areas include statistics, research, measurement and evaluation. He has published extensively and has a book on higher education administration published in fall, 2008. He currently serves as adjunct faculty at Northern Arizona University (teaching statistics and higher education classes) and resides in Sedona, AZ.

The authors of this book have taken a holistic view of school leadership as a twenty-first century approach to leading schools. Leadership is presented as an individualized approach that requires operationalizing—and meshing—one’s skills with the educational system in a symbiotic relationship. How one gains insight and understanding about one’s role and impact as a leader is a valuable contribution to the field of educational leadership preparation.

• Table of ContentsPrefaceForeword DedicationChapter 1 A Prism for Understanding Great LeadershipThe Nature of Educational LeadershipA Model to Discuss Educational LeadershipThe Fluid Nature of IdentityThe Nature of AccoutrementsThe Critical Questions in School CultureBourdieu’s Concept of Reflexivity vs. Reflective ThinkingMore than ‘Reflective Evaluation Craft’An Example of Reflexivity: Rational Choice Theory as a Silent PresuppositionChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about Great LeadersChapter 2 Habits of Reflection and Focus on InstructionMaturation of LeadershipShared LeadershipFocus on InstructionHands-on Instructional LeadershipOptimismWorking TogetherHabitual Values ReflectionChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about ValuesChapter 3 The Most Important Knowledge Begins with Self The Second Kind of Knowledge: The Anchor of Professional PracticeProfessional Practice Based on Dogma Leads to Tragic MistakesThe Fallacy of ‘Research based’ Knowledge as SuperiorIpsa Scientia Potestas Est: The Politics of KnowledgeCurrent Issue Analysis: The Great Leaders Mentoring KnowledgeCurrent Issue Analysis: Leading Curriculum ImprovementCurrent Issue Analysis: Student Retention in Theory and in PracticeCurrent Issue Analysis: Technology and Its Role in Teaching and Learning/Social MediaCurrent Issue Analysis: Trends of the Day in Common Core State StandardsCurrent Issue Analysis: Families and CommunitiesChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about KnowledgeChapter 4 The Acquisition and Refinement of Skills and Insights to Inspire OthersGreat Leaders Prioritize Teaching and LearningGreat Leaders Build Strong ConnectionsGreat Leaders Maintain a Disciplined FocusGreat Leaders Learn to Manage Efficiently In Order to Lead EffectivelyGreat Leaders Choose to be OptimistsChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about SkillsChapter 5Leadership Identity, Practice and WisdomAn Historic Example of an Accouterment for all time: Jeanne d’ArcThe American Jeanne d’ Arc: Rosa ParksFrom An Angry Young Man to a Person Of Ubuntu: An Example of Self-TransformationThe Multifaceted Nature of Human IdentityContextual Changes: How the Model of Accoutrements WorksContextual Challenges to Educational Leadership+Learning How to Become Great LeadersChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about IdentityChapter 6TheContinuing Quest to Discern Leadership ContoursOriginal California StudyThe Future Demographics of America: Microcosm ArizonaArizona SuperintendentsPrincipals-in-TrainingArizona High Achieving Schools Administrator Focus GroupsThe Quest of Identity through the Contours of LeadershipChapter Learning ExtensionsTesting Your Understanding of this Chapter about ContoursList of Exhibits, Figures and TablesAppendicesAppendix A: The Learning Extensions Chart with Author CommentaryAppendix B: A Brief Description of the Contexts of Great LeadershipAppendix C: A Chronology of Peer-reviewed Research on the Accoutrements