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    1. Naturvetenskap och teknik
    2. Teknik och industri
    3. Elektronik och kommunikationer

    Radio Propagation in the Urban Scenario

    AvGiorgio Franceshetti,Antonio Iodice

    Inbunden, Engelska, 2023

    1 879 kr

    Beställningsvara. Skickas inom 3-6 vardagar. Fri frakt över 249 kr.

    Beskrivning

    This practical book provides fundamentals of electromagnetic wave propagation and its unique application for the design of mobile wireless systems in complex urban environments. It supplies telecommunication engineers with the proper theoretical and practical tools to: plan radio coverage in cellular networks; design a radio link; predict connectivity in a wireless network and ensure that the system to be designed fulfills regulations on exposure of general public to electromagnetic fields. You’ll understand the latest propagation models and be equipped to address the challenges facing wireless propagation for the most recent 5G mobile systems, including how to cope with new propagation scenarios/frequencies in 5G wireless channel modelling. You’ll also find unique coverage of the problems of human exposure to electromagnetic fields and the corresponding international and national regulations, including the most recent ICNIRP guidelines. The book brings theory, algorithms, and applications into focus with some practical examples. Specific attention is devoted to laying the mathematical foundations of the asymptotic techniques that are presented; of the propagation over a flat and spherical Earth; and also of the propagation in complex environment in order to provide a cohesive exposition of the underlying principles. With its strong theoretical background on fundamentals of electromagnetic propagation along with an application-oriented approach, this is a must-have book for researchers working on applied electromagnetics and engineers working on wireless network planning at an advanced level. It is also rich in details and clear, making it an excellent textbook for advanced and graduate-level students.

    Produktinformation

    • Utgivningsdatum:2023-05-31
    • Mått:152 x 229 x 20 mm
    • Vikt:635 g
    • Format:Inbunden
    • Språk:Engelska
    • Antal sidor:270
    • Förlag:Artech House Publishers
    • ISBN:9781630818562

    Utforska kategorier

    • Elektronik och kommunikationer inom Naturvetenskap och teknik

    Innehållsförteckning

    • 1. Introduction1.1. Historical notes1.2. Electromagnetic spectrum1.3. Radio, Television, mobile telephony, wireless networks1.4. Challenges in the (electromagnetic) design of modern wireless networksReferences 2. Fundamentals of electromagnetic propagation and radiation2.1. Maxwell equations2.1.1. Maxwell equations in the frequency domain2.2. Electromagnetic properties of materials2.2.1. Power losses in materials, power flux, and energy conservation2.2.2. Dielectric materials2.2.3. Conductors2.2.4. Perfect electric conductors2.2.5. Plasma2.2.6. Boundary between two media and boundary condition on PEC’s surface2.3. Plane-wave propagation, reflection and transmission2.3.1. Homogeneous plane waves2.3.2. Non-homogeneous plane waves2.3.3. Plane waves for arbitrarily time-varying fields2.3.4. Narrowband signals and group velocity2.3.5. Plane wave reflection and transmission at a plane boundary2.3.6. Plane wave propagation in layered media2.3.7. Plane wave propagation in anisotropic media2.4. Radiation2.4.1. Elementary source2.4.2. Radiation from an arbitrary current distribution2.4.3. Far field2.4.4. Equivalent problems and magnetic sources2.5. Transmitting and receiving antennas2.5.1. Parameters of a transmitting antenna2.5.2. Parameters of a receiving antenna2.5.3. Some commonly used antennas2.5.4. Arrays of antennas, phased arrays and beamforming2.6. Friis formula for free-space radio links2.6.1. Antenna noise temperature and receiver noise figure2.6.2. Example: downlink in a satellite communication systemReferences 3. Asymptotic techniques3.1. Geometrical optics3.1.1. Fermat’s principle3.1.2. GO in homogeneous media3.1.3. Interface between homogeneous media: reflected and transmitted ray congruences3.1.4. Example of inhomogeneous media: stratified medium3.2. Fresnel Ellipsoids3.3. Stationary phase method3.3.1. Finite integration interval3.3.2. Transition function3.4. Diffraction3.4.1. Stationary phase point contribution: the GO field3.4.2. End-point contribution: the edge diffracted field3.5. Geometrical theory of diffraction and its uniform extension3.5.1. Diffraction from a perfectly conducting wedge: GTD and UTD solutions3.5.2. Lossy dielectric wedge3.6. Rough-surface scattering3.6.1. Mean value of the scattered field3.6.2. Variance of the scattered fieldReferences 4. Propagation over a flat or spherical Earth4.1. Ground wave propagation and two-ray model4.1.1. Example: link between two walkie-talkies4.1.2. Effect of surface roughness4.2. Effect of the Earth curvature4.3. Atmospheric effect: ray curvature and effective Earth radius4.3.1. Example: link between two walkie-talkies, effects of Earth curvature and atmosphericrefraction4.3.2. Atmospheric ducting and tropospheric scattering4.4. Atmospheric attenuation: clear air, fog, rain4.4.1. Attenuation by rain, fog and snow4.5. Ionosphere4.5.1. Ionospheric reflection and sky wave4.5.2. Effect of the Earth’s magnetic field on ionospheric propagation4.5.3. Ionosphere and electromagnetic wave propagation: summary 5. Propagation in complex environments5.1. Line-of-Sight and Non-Line-of-Sight propagation5.1.1. Reflection on and transmission through a homogeneous wall5.2. Multipath5.2.1. Narrowband characterization of the multipath channel5.2.2. Wideband characterization of the multipath channel5.3. Fading5.3.1. NLOS: Rayleigh fading5.3.2. LOS: Rician fading5.3.3. Slow fading: lognormal distribution5.3.4. Example: outage probability in Rayleigh fading5.4. Delay spread5.4.1. Example: delay spread in urban areas and mobile telephone systemsReferences 6. Propagation in urban areas6.1. Urban area propagation scenarios: outdoor and indoor6.2. Empirical propagation models6.2.1. Outdoor6.2.2. Indoor6.2.3. Example: downlink in a 4G LTE mobile phone system6.2.4. Coverage area and location probability6.3. Urban canyon as a “roofless waveguide”6.4. Ray-tracing methodsReferences 7. An example of ray-tracing tool7.1. Vertical Plane Launching implementation7.1.1. Ray definition7.1.2. Space scanning7.1.3. Electromagnetic modeling7.1.4. Coherent vs. incoherent summation7.2. Input, output, and processing time7.2.1. Input7.2.2. Output7.2.3. Processing time7.2.4. Advantages and limits7.3. The measurement issues7.4. Comparison of solver predictions and measured dataReferences 8. New propagation scenarios in 5G Telecommunication systems8.1. Description of 5G networks and expected performances8.2. Millimeter-wave propagation8.2.1. Empirical channel models8.2.2. Ray tracing8.2.3. Example: downlink in a high-band 5G wireless system8.3. BeamformingReferences 9. Regulations on the exposure of general public to electromagnetic fields9.1. ICNIRP guidelines9.1.1. Basic restrictions9.1.2. Reference levels9.2. IEEE standard9.2.1. DRLs9.2.2. ERLs9.3. Exposure limits in countries across the world9.3.1. Exposure limits in Italy9.3.2. Exposure limits in the USAReferences 10. Conclusion and future perspectivesAuthors’ biographies