Sebastián López Escarcena, Lecturer in International Law, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

‘The precise circumstances in which a governmental measure amounts to an indirect expropriation requiring compensation remains one of the most controversial and important questions of contemporary international investment law. This work provides a comprehensive assessment of how international law has responded to this problem, taking into account the jurisprudence from a range of international courts and tribunals. It provides a helpful oversight of how the law in this area has developed and where it may be heading in the future.’

• Contents: 1. Introduction 2. From Compensation to Indirect Takings 3. Expropriation in Human Rights Law 4. The Approach of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal 5. Bilateral Treaties and International Awards 6. Takings in Multilateral Treaties 7. The Applicable Standard 8. Conclusion Bibliography

Sebastián López Escarcena, Lecturer in International Law, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

‘The precise circumstances in which a governmental measure amounts to an indirect expropriation requiring compensation remains one of the most controversial and important questions of contemporary international investment law. This work provides a comprehensive assessment of how international law has responded to this problem, taking into account the jurisprudence from a range of international courts and tribunals. It provides a helpful oversight of how the law in this area has developed and where it may be heading in the future.’

• Contents: 1. Introduction 2. From Compensation to Indirect Takings 3. Expropriation in Human Rights Law 4. The Approach of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal 5. Bilateral Treaties and International Awards 6. Takings in Multilateral Treaties 7. The Applicable Standard 8. Conclusion Bibliography

Sebastián López Escarcena, Lecturer in International Law, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

‘The precise circumstances in which a governmental measure amounts to an indirect expropriation requiring compensation remains one of the most controversial and important questions of contemporary international investment law. This work provides a comprehensive assessment of how international law has responded to this problem, taking into account the jurisprudence from a range of international courts and tribunals. It provides a helpful oversight of how the law in this area has developed and where it may be heading in the future.’

• Contents: 1. Introduction 2. From Compensation to Indirect Takings 3. Expropriation in Human Rights Law 4. The Approach of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal 5. Bilateral Treaties and International Awards 6. Takings in Multilateral Treaties 7. The Applicable Standard 8. Conclusion Bibliography