Derek A. Welsby has directed excavations and surveys in Sudan since 1982. These have included all-period surveys in the Northern Dongola Reach and at the Fourth Cataract as a component of the Merowe Dam Archaeological Salvage Project. Major excavations have been undertaken within the capital of the medieval kingdom of Alwa at Soba East and in the Kushite town and cemetery at Kawa. Surveys have also been undertaken along Sudan’s first railway between Wadi Halfa and Kerma dating to the late 19th century.

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• 1. Introduction ; 2. The Excavations ; 3. The Ceramic Finds at H29 ; 4. The Small Finds ; 5. Animal Deposits ; 6. The Physical Anthropology ; 7. Plants as Grave Goods: Microbotanical Remains (Phytoliths) from the ‘White Deposits’ in the Graves ; 8. Charcoal and Wood ; 9. Discussion ; Bibliography ; Arabic Summary