Philippe Blua is Director of the Champagne Sud hospitals in France.Farouk Yalaoui is a Full Professor at the University of Technology of Troyes, France, and Director of the Institute of Services and Industries of the Future of Troyes.Lionel Amodeo is a Full Professor at the University of Technology of Troyes and Head of the Industrial System Optimization research team.Michaël De Block is Director of Information Systems at the Metz-Thionville CHR and GHT Lorraine Nord.David Laplanche is a doctor in the region of Aube in France and Head of the territorial division for medical information at the Champagne Sud hospitals.

• Preface ixChapter 1. Hospitals and Management 1Philippe BLUA1.1. Introduction 11.2. Imperfections in hospital information technology 21.3. Essentials for high-quality IT systems in hospitals 51.4. Hospital IT systems of the future 71.5. Conclusion 111.6. References 12Chapter 2. The Hospital and its IT System: Where it is Right Now and What it Needs 13Michaël DE BLOCK2.1. Introduction 132.2. Cooperation and quality 182.2.1. Area 1 182.2.2. Area 2 192.2.3. Area 3 202.2.4. Area 4 212.2.5. Area 5 212.2.6. Axe 6 222.2.7. Area 7 232.2.8. Area 8 242.3. Information systems – communication and organization 262.4. Linking HIS, biomedicine and telemedicine 282.5. Conclusion 342.6. References 34Chapter 3. Medical Informatics: Historical Overview, Supports and Challenges 37David LAPLANCHE and Stéphane SANCHEZ3.1. Introduction 373.2. Information sources 383.2.1. Data that can be used in the hospital sector 383.2.2. Different media 393.2.3. Legal framework 403.2.4. Digital transition 433.3. Using information 453.3.1. PMIS 453.3.2. Medical information in research 483.3.3. Structure and use: an example from an ER unit 493.4. Conclusion 513.5. References 51Chapter 4. Challenges in Hospital Logistics: the Example of the Champagne Sud Hospitals 53Frédéric LUTZ4.1. Introduction 534.2. Challenges facing care professionals 554.3. Challenges around safety and the continuity in supplies 584.3.1. The need for regularity in supplies 594.3.2. The need for flexibility and reactivity 634.3.3. Qualitative requirements in supply and removal chains 634.4. Challenges around the role played in enhancing the appeal of the institution 634.5. Challenges surrounding economic optimization 644.5.1. Examples of optimization implementations 644.5.2. Challenges in optimizing logistics flow management tools 684.6. Challenges related to regional cooperation 694.6.1. Cooperative purchasing in the context of regional hospital consortia 694.6.2. Challenges around common supplies and storage 714.6.3. Challenges surrounding the pooling of pharmaceutical supplies 764.6.4. Challenges around pooling fleets of vehicles 784.7. Challenges surrounding the implementation of a regional supply chain management 814.8. Conclusion 834.9. References 83Chapter 5. Forecasting Patient Flows into Emergency Services 85Mohamed AFILAL, Lionel AMODEO, Farouk YALAOUI and Frédéric DUGARDIN5.1. Introduction 855.2. The problem statement 875.3. A state-of-the-art 895.3.1. Predictive models 895.3.2. Forecasting inflows into emergency services 925.3.3. Summary 935.4. Analysis of the inflows of patients into emergency care 945.4.1. Data extraction 945.4.2. Data modeling 965.4.3. Descriptive statistics 985.5. Introduction of a new classification of patients in emergency care 1005.5.1. Interest and motivation 1025.5.2. Statistical approach 1025.5.3. New classification: patient state 1025.5.4. Descriptive statistics for the new categories 1085.6. Forecast models for patient flows 1085.6.1. The process used in the study 1085.6.2. Types of forecasting models 1095.6.3. Choosing classes to predict 1145.6.4. Adjusted long-term forecasting model 1165.6.5. Short-term forecasting models 1195.7. Tests and implementation of the models 1205.7.1. Testing the performance of the models 1205.7.2. Analysis of the residuals 1235.7.3. Analysis of the robustness of the model: epidemics 1255.8. Application used in the ES of the THC: OptaUrgences® 1265.8.1. Introduction 1265.8.2. Specifications 1265.8.3. Implementation: development of algorithms 1315.8.4. Example of the use of this application 1325.8.5. History of the performances 1345.9. Conclusion 1355.10. References 137Chapter 6. Positioning and Innovations from the Champagne Sud Hospitals in the World of Hospital Logistics 145Moïse NOUMBISSI TCHOUPO, Alice YALAOUI, Lionel AMODEO and Farouk YALAOUI6.1. Introduction 1456.2. The hospital logistics problem 1486.2.1. Operational research and the hospital world 1496.2.2. Description, formalization and solution approach 1506.3. Innovative methods and techniques 1556.3.1. The problem of pickups and deliveries within a time frame and with a homogeneous fleet of vehicles 1556.3.2. Pickup and delivery problems with a time frame and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles of finite size 1576.3.3. Pickup and delivery problem with a time frame and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles of infinite size 1636.4. Conclusion 1656.5. References 165List of Authors 171Index 173

Philippe Blua is Director of the Champagne Sud hospitals in France.Farouk Yalaoui is a Full Professor at the University of Technology of Troyes, France, and Director of the Institute of Services and Industries of the Future of Troyes.Lionel Amodeo is a Full Professor at the University of Technology of Troyes and Head of the Industrial System Optimization research team.Michaël De Block is Director of Information Systems at the Metz-Thionville CHR and GHT Lorraine Nord.David Laplanche is a doctor in the region of Aube in France and Head of the territorial division for medical information at the Champagne Sud hospitals.

• Preface ixChapter 1. Hospitals and Management 1Philippe BLUA1.1. Introduction 11.2. Imperfections in hospital information technology 21.3. Essentials for high-quality IT systems in hospitals 51.4. Hospital IT systems of the future 71.5. Conclusion 111.6. References 12Chapter 2. The Hospital and its IT System: Where it is Right Now and What it Needs 13Michaël DE BLOCK2.1. Introduction 132.2. Cooperation and quality 182.2.1. Area 1 182.2.2. Area 2 192.2.3. Area 3 202.2.4. Area 4 212.2.5. Area 5 212.2.6. Axe 6 222.2.7. Area 7 232.2.8. Area 8 242.3. Information systems – communication and organization 262.4. Linking HIS, biomedicine and telemedicine 282.5. Conclusion 342.6. References 34Chapter 3. Medical Informatics: Historical Overview, Supports and Challenges 37David LAPLANCHE and Stéphane SANCHEZ3.1. Introduction 373.2. Information sources 383.2.1. Data that can be used in the hospital sector 383.2.2. Different media 393.2.3. Legal framework 403.2.4. Digital transition 433.3. Using information 453.3.1. PMIS 453.3.2. Medical information in research 483.3.3. Structure and use: an example from an ER unit 493.4. Conclusion 513.5. References 51Chapter 4. Challenges in Hospital Logistics: the Example of the Champagne Sud Hospitals 53Frédéric LUTZ4.1. Introduction 534.2. Challenges facing care professionals 554.3. Challenges around safety and the continuity in supplies 584.3.1. The need for regularity in supplies 594.3.2. The need for flexibility and reactivity 634.3.3. Qualitative requirements in supply and removal chains 634.4. Challenges around the role played in enhancing the appeal of the institution 634.5. Challenges surrounding economic optimization 644.5.1. Examples of optimization implementations 644.5.2. Challenges in optimizing logistics flow management tools 684.6. Challenges related to regional cooperation 694.6.1. Cooperative purchasing in the context of regional hospital consortia 694.6.2. Challenges around common supplies and storage 714.6.3. Challenges surrounding the pooling of pharmaceutical supplies 764.6.4. Challenges around pooling fleets of vehicles 784.7. Challenges surrounding the implementation of a regional supply chain management 814.8. Conclusion 834.9. References 83Chapter 5. Forecasting Patient Flows into Emergency Services 85Mohamed AFILAL, Lionel AMODEO, Farouk YALAOUI and Frédéric DUGARDIN5.1. Introduction 855.2. The problem statement 875.3. A state-of-the-art 895.3.1. Predictive models 895.3.2. Forecasting inflows into emergency services 925.3.3. Summary 935.4. Analysis of the inflows of patients into emergency care 945.4.1. Data extraction 945.4.2. Data modeling 965.4.3. Descriptive statistics 985.5. Introduction of a new classification of patients in emergency care 1005.5.1. Interest and motivation 1025.5.2. Statistical approach 1025.5.3. New classification: patient state 1025.5.4. Descriptive statistics for the new categories 1085.6. Forecast models for patient flows 1085.6.1. The process used in the study 1085.6.2. Types of forecasting models 1095.6.3. Choosing classes to predict 1145.6.4. Adjusted long-term forecasting model 1165.6.5. Short-term forecasting models 1195.7. Tests and implementation of the models 1205.7.1. Testing the performance of the models 1205.7.2. Analysis of the residuals 1235.7.3. Analysis of the robustness of the model: epidemics 1255.8. Application used in the ES of the THC: OptaUrgences® 1265.8.1. Introduction 1265.8.2. Specifications 1265.8.3. Implementation: development of algorithms 1315.8.4. Example of the use of this application 1325.8.5. History of the performances 1345.9. Conclusion 1355.10. References 137Chapter 6. Positioning and Innovations from the Champagne Sud Hospitals in the World of Hospital Logistics 145Moïse NOUMBISSI TCHOUPO, Alice YALAOUI, Lionel AMODEO and Farouk YALAOUI6.1. Introduction 1456.2. The hospital logistics problem 1486.2.1. Operational research and the hospital world 1496.2.2. Description, formalization and solution approach 1506.3. Innovative methods and techniques 1556.3.1. The problem of pickups and deliveries within a time frame and with a homogeneous fleet of vehicles 1556.3.2. Pickup and delivery problems with a time frame and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles of finite size 1576.3.3. Pickup and delivery problem with a time frame and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles of infinite size 1636.4. Conclusion 1656.5. References 165List of Authors 171Index 173

Philippe Blua is Director of the Champagne Sud hospitals in France.Farouk Yalaoui is a Full Professor at the University of Technology of Troyes, France, and Director of the Institute of Services and Industries of the Future of Troyes.Lionel Amodeo is a Full Professor at the University of Technology of Troyes and Head of the Industrial System Optimization research team.Michaël De Block is Director of Information Systems at the Metz-Thionville CHR and GHT Lorraine Nord.David Laplanche is a doctor in the region of Aube in France and Head of the territorial division for medical information at the Champagne Sud hospitals.

• Preface ixChapter 1. Hospitals and Management 1Philippe BLUA1.1. Introduction 11.2. Imperfections in hospital information technology 21.3. Essentials for high-quality IT systems in hospitals 51.4. Hospital IT systems of the future 71.5. Conclusion 111.6. References 12Chapter 2. The Hospital and its IT System: Where it is Right Now and What it Needs 13Michaël DE BLOCK2.1. Introduction 132.2. Cooperation and quality 182.2.1. Area 1 182.2.2. Area 2 192.2.3. Area 3 202.2.4. Area 4 212.2.5. Area 5 212.2.6. Axe 6 222.2.7. Area 7 232.2.8. Area 8 242.3. Information systems – communication and organization 262.4. Linking HIS, biomedicine and telemedicine 282.5. Conclusion 342.6. References 34Chapter 3. Medical Informatics: Historical Overview, Supports and Challenges 37David LAPLANCHE and Stéphane SANCHEZ3.1. Introduction 373.2. Information sources 383.2.1. Data that can be used in the hospital sector 383.2.2. Different media 393.2.3. Legal framework 403.2.4. Digital transition 433.3. Using information 453.3.1. PMIS 453.3.2. Medical information in research 483.3.3. Structure and use: an example from an ER unit 493.4. Conclusion 513.5. References 51Chapter 4. Challenges in Hospital Logistics: the Example of the Champagne Sud Hospitals 53Frédéric LUTZ4.1. Introduction 534.2. Challenges facing care professionals 554.3. Challenges around safety and the continuity in supplies 584.3.1. The need for regularity in supplies 594.3.2. The need for flexibility and reactivity 634.3.3. Qualitative requirements in supply and removal chains 634.4. Challenges around the role played in enhancing the appeal of the institution 634.5. Challenges surrounding economic optimization 644.5.1. Examples of optimization implementations 644.5.2. Challenges in optimizing logistics flow management tools 684.6. Challenges related to regional cooperation 694.6.1. Cooperative purchasing in the context of regional hospital consortia 694.6.2. Challenges around common supplies and storage 714.6.3. Challenges surrounding the pooling of pharmaceutical supplies 764.6.4. Challenges around pooling fleets of vehicles 784.7. Challenges surrounding the implementation of a regional supply chain management 814.8. Conclusion 834.9. References 83Chapter 5. Forecasting Patient Flows into Emergency Services 85Mohamed AFILAL, Lionel AMODEO, Farouk YALAOUI and Frédéric DUGARDIN5.1. Introduction 855.2. The problem statement 875.3. A state-of-the-art 895.3.1. Predictive models 895.3.2. Forecasting inflows into emergency services 925.3.3. Summary 935.4. Analysis of the inflows of patients into emergency care 945.4.1. Data extraction 945.4.2. Data modeling 965.4.3. Descriptive statistics 985.5. Introduction of a new classification of patients in emergency care 1005.5.1. Interest and motivation 1025.5.2. Statistical approach 1025.5.3. New classification: patient state 1025.5.4. Descriptive statistics for the new categories 1085.6. Forecast models for patient flows 1085.6.1. The process used in the study 1085.6.2. Types of forecasting models 1095.6.3. Choosing classes to predict 1145.6.4. Adjusted long-term forecasting model 1165.6.5. Short-term forecasting models 1195.7. Tests and implementation of the models 1205.7.1. Testing the performance of the models 1205.7.2. Analysis of the residuals 1235.7.3. Analysis of the robustness of the model: epidemics 1255.8. Application used in the ES of the THC: OptaUrgences® 1265.8.1. Introduction 1265.8.2. Specifications 1265.8.3. Implementation: development of algorithms 1315.8.4. Example of the use of this application 1325.8.5. History of the performances 1345.9. Conclusion 1355.10. References 137Chapter 6. Positioning and Innovations from the Champagne Sud Hospitals in the World of Hospital Logistics 145Moïse NOUMBISSI TCHOUPO, Alice YALAOUI, Lionel AMODEO and Farouk YALAOUI6.1. Introduction 1456.2. The hospital logistics problem 1486.2.1. Operational research and the hospital world 1496.2.2. Description, formalization and solution approach 1506.3. Innovative methods and techniques 1556.3.1. The problem of pickups and deliveries within a time frame and with a homogeneous fleet of vehicles 1556.3.2. Pickup and delivery problems with a time frame and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles of finite size 1576.3.3. Pickup and delivery problem with a time frame and a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles of infinite size 1636.4. Conclusion 1656.5. References 165List of Authors 171Index 173