Biosphere Reserves and Sustainable Development Goals 2

Bruno Romagny is an economist and director of research at the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD - Institut de recherche pour le développement), Laboratoire populationenvironnement-développement (LPED), France.Catherine Cibien is director of the French committee of UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.Angela Barthes is a professor at the University of Aix-Marseille, France, and specializes in environmental education and rural development.

• Presentation of the Authors of the Two Volumes xiiiIntroduction xxiiiAngela BARTHES, Catherine CIBIEN and Bruno ROMAGNYPart 1 Process, Governance and Climate Change Across the Mediterranean 1Introduction to Part 1 3Catherine CIBIENChapter 1 Biosphere Reserves in National Legislation and Public Policy 5Catherine CIBIEN, Lahoucine AMZIL, Joelle BARAKAT, Antonio BONTEMPI, Pierre DOUMET and Maria Carmen ROMERA-PUGA1.1 Introduction 51.2 The place of the "biosphere reserve" in national legislation 61.3 The place of MAB national committees in national governments 91.4 The place of the "biosphere reserve" model in public policy 131.5 Discussion 261.6 References 28Chapter 2 The Emergence and Evolution of Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves in France 31Catherine CIBIEN2.1 Profound changes across first-generation sites (1977) 312.2 The recognition of local development projects promoting natural and cultural heritage 342.3 References 37Chapter 3 Perspectives on Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves 39Ken REYNA, Martí BOADA and Mchich DERAK3.1 Close-up on the strengthening of the Mont Ventoux Biosphere Reserve’s governance 393.2 Close-up on the Montseny Biosphere Reserve 423.3 Close-up on the Menorca Biosphere Reserve 433.4 Close-up on environmental education and SDGs, an opportunity for Mediterranean Biosphere Reserves 443.5 Close-up on the Intercontinental Biosphere Reserve of the Mediterranean 463.6 References 50Chapter 4 From the Ecological Quality Status Evaluation to the Knowledge Transferability A Cross-cutting Experience in Montseny Biosphere Reserve 51Sònia SÀNCHEZ-MATEO, Antoni MAS-PONCE and Roser MANEJA4.1 Introduction 514.2 Mediterranean river basins as valuable and complex socio-ecosystems 524.3 Study area: Montseny Biosphere Reserve 544.4 Research areas 584.5 Environmental education, communication and training program 634.6 A 15-year period implementing PROECA in the Montseny Biosphere Reserve 664.7 Conclusion 684.8 Acknowledgements 694.9 References 69Chapter 5 Do We Need to Choose Between Biodiversity, Industry and Tourism? A Metabolic Approach to Manage the Mediterranean Biosphere Reserve of Menorca 73Alejandro MARCOS-VALLS5.1 Introduction 735.2 Societal metabolism 745.3 MuSIASEM: integrating information from multiple scales to improve participation and stakeholder engagement 755.4 The case of Menorca: a Mediterranean Biosphere Reserve with an action plan to implement the sustainable development goals 795.5 Menorca 2025 An Action Plan for the Menorca Biosphere Reserve 815.6 Metabolic performance of economic sectors in Menorca Application of he MuSIASEM approach 835.7 Discussion: do we need to choose between biodiversity, industry and tourism? 855.8 Conclusion 885.9 References 89Chapter 6 The Jabal Moussa Biosphere Reserve (Lebanon): A Private Association Initiative 95Pierre DOUMET and Joelle BARAKAT6.1 Introduction 956.2 Rich by nature 956.3 A privately run biosphere reserve 986.4 International recognition 996.5 Administration led by socio-economic expectations 1006.6 Efforts at increasing understanding and awareness of an exceptional biodiversity 1026.7 References 103Chapter 7 Understandings of Administration and Challenges to Governance in the Arganeraie Biosphere Reserve (Morocco) 105Abdelaziz AFKER7.1 Introduction 1057.2 A biosphere reserve built around an iconic tree: the argan tree 1057.3 An integrated approach to conservation and ecodevelopment 1077.4 Participation-oriented administration 1107.5 Regarding the research/education/management dialogue 1117.6 References 112Chapter 8 Reconciling Conservation and Sustainable Development: The Example of the Arganeraie 113Abdelaziz AFKER and Saïd BOUJROUF8.1 Introduction 1138.2 The ABR, between conservation and sustainable territorial development: reconciling the irreconcilable 1148.3 The complex challenges characterizing the ABR, or relevance and adaptation in conciliatory resilience 1168.4 Changes and scalable trends in the ABR: from project territories to a territorial project 1178.5 The ABR, complexities and improved governance 1198.6 References 120Chapter 9 Patrimonialization and Challenges to Sustainable Development within the Arganeraie Biosphere Reserve 123Wahiba MOUBCHIR and Saïd BOUJROUF9.1 Introduction 1239.2 The ABR: a territory valued for the endemism of its heritage resources 1249.3 The ABR patrimonialization process 1309.4 Paths of governance for the integrated management of the ABR 1349.5 Conclusion 1389.6 References 139Chapter 10 The Oasis du Sud Marocain Biosphere Reserve: Challenges and Issues for the Durability of Water Resources 141Lahcen AZOUGARH and Ahmed MOUHYIDDINE10.1 Introduction 14110.2 Specificities of the Oasis du Sud Marocain Biosphere Reserve and the question of water 14210.3 Regional development and the deterioration of water resources 14410.4 Challenges and complexities of water resource management within the OSMBR 14510.5 Conclusion 14610.6 References 147Part 2 Issues and Case Studies in the Southern Mediterranean 149Introduction to Part 2 151Catherine CIBIENChapter 11 Pesticide Residue in the Waters of the IBRM 153Hind EL BOUZAIDI, Fatimazahra HAFIANE, El Habib EL AZZOUZI and Mohammed FAEKHAOUI11.1 Introduction 15311.2 Materials and methods 15411.3 Results and discussions 15611.4 Evaluation of the risks of pesticides to human health 16011.5 Evaluation of the risks of pesticides for the environment 16011.6 Conclusion 16111.7 References 162Chapter 12 Forest Fires: Their Impact on the Sustainable Development of the IBRM 165Rachid SAMMOUDI, Abdelkader CHAHLAOUI, Nadia MACHOURI, Lahoucine AMZIL, El Habib EL AZZOUZI, Reda NACER, Kawtar JABER and Maya KOUZAIHA12.1 Introduction 16512.2 The phenomenon of forest fires in the northern provinces 16712.3 Links between sustainable development and forest fires 16912.4 Conclusion 17012.5 References 171Chapter 13 The Social and Solidarity Economy and Biodiversity in the Intercontinental Biosphere of the Mediterranean 173Hicham ATTOUCH, Soukaina BOUZIANI and Sonia ADERGHAL13.1 Some framing of the concept of the social and solidarity economy 17313.2 Development of natural resources in the Intercontinental Biosphere Reserve of the Mediterranean (IBRM) and the SSE framework 17513.3 The role of the SSE in the conservation and development of natural resources 17713.4 Conclusion 18013.5 References 180Chapter 14 The Media Coverage of the Biosphere Reserve: Ambivalence Between the Protection of Nature and the Promotion of Territories The Case of RBIM 183Lahoucine AMZIL, Yamina EL KIRAT EL ALLAME and Faiza EL MEJJAD14.1 Introduction 18314.2 Biosphere reserves: general background 18414.3 The media environment around the biosphere reserve 18814.4 Representation of RBIM in the Moroccan media 19514.5 Concluding remarks 20114.6 References 202Chapter 15 Mid-Atlas Cedar Forests and Climate Change 205Driss CHAHHOU15.1 Introduction 20515.2 General overview of climatic changes 20615.3 The vulnerability of forests to climate change 20915.4 Potential impacts of climate change on cedar forests 21215.5 Conclusion 21415.6 References 215Chapter 16 The Legacy and Future of Conservation in El Kala National Park (Algeria) 219Tarik DAHOU16.1 Introduction 21916.2 Declinism, forest exploitation and management in the EKNP 22116.3 The spread of fishing and marine conservation in the EKNP 23316.4 Marine conservation and declinist rhetoric 24416.5 Conclusion 24616.6 References 247Chapter 17 Social Representations of Biospheres and Sustainable Local Development in Bou Hedma (Tunisia) 251Abdelkarim BRAHMI17.1 Introduction 25117.2 Bou Hedma National Park 25217.3 Methodological research framework 25317.4 Social representations of Bou Hedma National Park among the surrounding population 25417.5 Discussion and interpretation 25617.6 The cultural dimension 26017.7 The political dimension 26017.8 The environmental dimension 26117.9 Conclusion 26217.10 References 263Chapter 18 Architecture and the Biosphere Environment in Pedagogy: Design Visions for Sustainable Dwelling Communities 265Carla ARAMOUNY18.1 Introduction 26518.2 Architecture and the environment 26618.3 Jabal Moussa Biosphere Reserve and the studio's premise 26718.4 Conclusion 28818.5 References 289List of Authors 291Index 295Summary of Volume 1 297