Mechanical Energy Conversion

Mathieu Mory was a CNRS research fellow at LEGI, Grenoble, France, then a professor at the University of Pau, France. He was also head of the Simulation and Optimization of Energy Systems Master's program.

• Foreword ixJean-Luc ACHARDPreface xiiiAcknowledgments xvIntroduction xviiChapter 1 Revision of Fluid Mechanics 11.1 Euler's equations 11.2 Head and Bernoulli's theorem 41.3 Hydrostatics and variation of pressure in a direction perpendicular to a streamline 81.4 Linear head losses 91.5 Singular head losses 121.6 Head variation along a streamline 131.7 Kinetic energy balance on a fluid volume 141.8 Momentum theorem 191.9 Angular momentum theorem 221.10 Irrotational flows, potential flows 23Chapter 2 Hydraulic Turbomachines 252.1 General information on turbomachinery 252.1.1 Turbopumps and turbines 252.1.2 Notions of aerodynamics 272.1.3 Principle of mechanical conversion: force and power, velocity triangle, fixed reference and mobile reference 292.1.4 Rotor and stator 332.1.5 Machine with infinite number of blades 342.1.6 Similarity of Combe--Rateau 352.1.7 Specific speed and classification of roto-dynamic machines 372.2 Pump dimensioning 382.2.1 Classification of roto-dynamic pumps 382.2.2 Centrifugal pumps 402.3 Turbine dimensioning 422.3.1 Classification of roto-dynamic turbines 422.3.2 Dimensioning of Pelton turbines 452.4 Exercise: centrifugal pump model 502.4.1 Solution 552.5 Exercise: radial flow turbine model 672.5.1 Solution 70Chapter 3 Wind Power 813.1 General 813.1.1 The wind resource 813.1.2 Energy conversion by a wind turbine 823.1.3 The development of the wind power sector in France and in Europe 853.2 Exercise: flow through a wind turbine -- Betz formula 883.2.1 Solution 913.3 Exercise: wind turbine rotor model 973.3.1 Solution 101Chapter 4 Tidal Energy 1114.1 General information and status of the sector 1114.2 Exercise: energy model of the Rance plant 1184.2.1 Solution 1204.3 Exercise: sizing a Kaplan turbine 1264.3.1 Solution 1294.4 Exercise: marine current turbines farm and modification of currents 1374.4.1 Solution 141Chapter 5 Hydroelectric Power 1515.1 Hydroelectric power history and data 1515.2 Exercise: maximum power provided by a hydroelectric power station 1555.2.1 Solution 1565.3 Exercise: dimensioning of a PSH power plant 1605.3.1 Part I -- turbine study 1635.3.2 Part II -- study of pumping 1635.3.3 Part III -- production plants and operation of the hydroelectric power station 1645.3.4 Solution 166Chapter 6 Osmotic Energy 1756.1 The phenomenon of osmosis 1756.2 Exercise: sizing an electricity production system using osmotic energy 1776.2.1 Solution 1826.3 State of the art of osmotic energy technology 189Chapter 7 Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion 1937.1 The OTEC process 1937.2 Exercise: sizing an OTEC installation using a closed Rankine cycle 1977.2.1 Sizing of the closed Rankine cycle 1977.2.2 Sizing of heat exchangers 2027.2.3 Sizing of deep sea water pumping and conclusions 2137.3 State of play of the OTEC sector 2167.4 Guide to sizing a heat exchanger 217Chapter 8 Wave Energy 2238.1 Surface gravity wave theory 2238.1.1 General 2238.1.2 Kinematics of linear surface waves 2268.1.3 Wave energy and energy flow 2308.1.4 Reflection of a wave by a vertical wall 2338.1.5 A laboratory experiment achieving total recovery of the wave energy flow 2348.1.6 Recovery of wave energy by an oscillating flap or by a heaving buoy 2358.2 Exercise: sizing an oscillating flap wave energy converter 2378.2.1 Solution 2418.3 State of play on wave energy recovery 252References 259Index 261