Derek Welsby completed a PhD on Roman military archaeology, going on to spend most of his career excavating along the Nile and in the deserts of Central and Northern Sudan. For much of that time he was an assistant keeper based in what is now the Department of Egypt and Sudan at the British Museum. He has excavated on Roman sites in the UK, Turkey and Libya and has travelled extensively throughout the Empire.Nick Hodgson holds a BA degree from Oxford and PhD from Newcastle. He was formerly Principal Keeper of Archaeology, Tyne & Wear Museums (now Northeast Museums). He has excavated and published widely on Hadrian’s Wall and is currently preparing the results of the long-running excavations at South Shields Roman fort, at the eastern end of the Wall, for publication.

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• List of Figures List of Tables  Introduction – Derek A. Welsby and Nick HodgsonLaying out the ground plans of turrets and milecastles on Hadrian’s Wall – Derek A. WelsbyIntroduction Turrets Milecastles Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgements Bibliography  Did Hadrian’s Wall have a wall walk? – Paul BidwellIntroduction The width of the Wall Walls blocking turret recesses The line of the later Stone Wall in relation to the stone turrets originally built as part of the Turf Wall Chamfered stones from a string course The bridges on the line of the Wall A crenellated parapet Weaponry and use of the Wall-walk as a fighting-platform Surveillance, patrols and defence The Antonine Wall Conclusions Acknowledgements Bibliography The stones from a chamfered string course on Hadrian’s Wall and their implications for the appearance of the Wall-top – Nick HodgsonIntroduction The chamfered string course stones The chamfered string course and the wider question of parapet and wall-walk The wall-walk as a fighting platform or a sentry walk Acknowledgements Appendix 1: Published records of chamfered string course stones from Hadrian’s Wall Appendix 2: The Berm Obstacles Bibliography  Milecastle gate towers: present or absent? – Derek A. WelsbyIntroduction Discussion The presence or absence of towers over milecastle gateways Tower or no tower? Conclusion Acknowledgements Appendix 1. Inventory of milecastle gates where there is relevant data for use in this study Appendix 2. Measurements of the visible stonework in milecastle and fort gates along Hadrian’s Wall Bibliography