Mathieu Lafourcade is a researcher and teacher in computer science, language processing and artificial intelligence. He is head of the TEXTE team of LIRMM, University of Montpellier, France.Alain Joubert is a doctor in astrophysics and a researcher in the TEXTE team at LIRMM. He teaches computer science at the IUT in Montpellier, France.Nathalie Le Brun, Imagin@T, France, is a doctor in biology, a graphic designer and an expert in serious gaming and GWAPs.

• LIST OF FIGURES ixINTRODUCTION xiiiCHAPTER 1. BIOLOGICAL GAMES 11.1. Foldit 21.2. EteRNA 51.3. Nanocrafter 81.4. Phylo 111.5. Fraxinus 151.6. Eyewire 181.7. Citizen sort 221.7.1. Happy match 221.7.2. Forgotten Island 241.8. The Nightjar project 251.8.1. Nightjar game/Nest game 261.8.2. Egglab game 281.9. References 29CHAPTER 2. GAMES WITH A MEDICAL PURPOSE 312.1. Nanodoc 312.2. Dizeez 342.3. The Cure 352.4. Malaria Training Game 372.5. Malaria Spot Game 392.6. Worm Watch Lab 422.7. Play to Cure: Genes in Space 442.8. References 45CHAPTER 3. GWAPS FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING 473.1. Why lexical resources? 473.2. GWAPs for natural language processing 483.2.1. The problem of lexical resource acquisition 493.2.2. Lexical resources currently available 503.2.3. Benefits of GWAPs in NLP 533.3. PhraseDetectives 543.4. PlayCoref 573.5. Verbosity 593.6. JeuxDeMots 613.7. Zombilingo 623.8. Infection 643.9. Wordrobe 663.10. Other GWAPs dedicated to NLP 683.10.1. Open Mind Word Expert 683.10.2. 1001 Paraphrases 693.10.3. Categorilla/Categodzilla 693.10.4. FreeAssociation 703.10.5. Entity Discovery 703.10.6. PhraTris 70CHAPTER 4. UNCLASSIFIABLE GWAPS 734.1. Beat the Bots 734.2. Apetopia 754.3. Quantum Moves 764.4. Duolingo 774.5. The ARTigo portal 804.5.1. ARTigo and ARTigo Taboo 814.5.2. Combino 834.5.3. Karido 834.6. Be A Martian 854.7. Akinator, the genie of the Web 864.8. References 89CHAPTER 5. THE JEUXDEMOTS PROJECT – GWAPS AND WORDS 915.1. Building a lexical network 915.2. JEUXDEMOTS: an association game 935.3. PTICLIC: an allocation game 965.4. TOTAKI: a guessing game 985.5. Voting games 995.5.1. ASKIT 1005.5.2. LIKEIT 1025.5.3. SEXIT 1045.6. Multi-selection games 1055.7. From games to contributory systems 1095.8. Data collected and properties of the games presented 1125.8.1. Instructions/difficult relations 1145.8.2. Forcing, players typology and error rate 115CONCLUSION 119BIBLIOGRAPHY 127INDEX 135

Mathieu Lafourcade is a researcher and teacher in computer science, language processing and artificial intelligence. He is head of the TEXTE team of LIRMM, University of Montpellier, France.Alain Joubert is a doctor in astrophysics and a researcher in the TEXTE team at LIRMM. He teaches computer science at the IUT in Montpellier, France.Nathalie Le Brun, Imagin@T, France, is a doctor in biology, a graphic designer and an expert in serious gaming and GWAPs.

• LIST OF FIGURES ixINTRODUCTION xiiiCHAPTER 1. BIOLOGICAL GAMES 11.1. Foldit 21.2. EteRNA 51.3. Nanocrafter 81.4. Phylo 111.5. Fraxinus 151.6. Eyewire 181.7. Citizen sort 221.7.1. Happy match 221.7.2. Forgotten Island 241.8. The Nightjar project 251.8.1. Nightjar game/Nest game 261.8.2. Egglab game 281.9. References 29CHAPTER 2. GAMES WITH A MEDICAL PURPOSE 312.1. Nanodoc 312.2. Dizeez 342.3. The Cure 352.4. Malaria Training Game 372.5. Malaria Spot Game 392.6. Worm Watch Lab 422.7. Play to Cure: Genes in Space 442.8. References 45CHAPTER 3. GWAPS FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING 473.1. Why lexical resources? 473.2. GWAPs for natural language processing 483.2.1. The problem of lexical resource acquisition 493.2.2. Lexical resources currently available 503.2.3. Benefits of GWAPs in NLP 533.3. PhraseDetectives 543.4. PlayCoref 573.5. Verbosity 593.6. JeuxDeMots 613.7. Zombilingo 623.8. Infection 643.9. Wordrobe 663.10. Other GWAPs dedicated to NLP 683.10.1. Open Mind Word Expert 683.10.2. 1001 Paraphrases 693.10.3. Categorilla/Categodzilla 693.10.4. FreeAssociation 703.10.5. Entity Discovery 703.10.6. PhraTris 70CHAPTER 4. UNCLASSIFIABLE GWAPS 734.1. Beat the Bots 734.2. Apetopia 754.3. Quantum Moves 764.4. Duolingo 774.5. The ARTigo portal 804.5.1. ARTigo and ARTigo Taboo 814.5.2. Combino 834.5.3. Karido 834.6. Be A Martian 854.7. Akinator, the genie of the Web 864.8. References 89CHAPTER 5. THE JEUXDEMOTS PROJECT – GWAPS AND WORDS 915.1. Building a lexical network 915.2. JEUXDEMOTS: an association game 935.3. PTICLIC: an allocation game 965.4. TOTAKI: a guessing game 985.5. Voting games 995.5.1. ASKIT 1005.5.2. LIKEIT 1025.5.3. SEXIT 1045.6. Multi-selection games 1055.7. From games to contributory systems 1095.8. Data collected and properties of the games presented 1125.8.1. Instructions/difficult relations 1145.8.2. Forcing, players typology and error rate 115CONCLUSION 119BIBLIOGRAPHY 127INDEX 135

Mathieu Lafourcade is a researcher and teacher in computer science, language processing and artificial intelligence. He is head of the TEXTE team of LIRMM, University of Montpellier, France.Alain Joubert is a doctor in astrophysics and a researcher in the TEXTE team at LIRMM. He teaches computer science at the IUT in Montpellier, France.Nathalie Le Brun, Imagin@T, France, is a doctor in biology, a graphic designer and an expert in serious gaming and GWAPs.

• LIST OF FIGURES ixINTRODUCTION xiiiCHAPTER 1. BIOLOGICAL GAMES 11.1. Foldit 21.2. EteRNA 51.3. Nanocrafter 81.4. Phylo 111.5. Fraxinus 151.6. Eyewire 181.7. Citizen sort 221.7.1. Happy match 221.7.2. Forgotten Island 241.8. The Nightjar project 251.8.1. Nightjar game/Nest game 261.8.2. Egglab game 281.9. References 29CHAPTER 2. GAMES WITH A MEDICAL PURPOSE 312.1. Nanodoc 312.2. Dizeez 342.3. The Cure 352.4. Malaria Training Game 372.5. Malaria Spot Game 392.6. Worm Watch Lab 422.7. Play to Cure: Genes in Space 442.8. References 45CHAPTER 3. GWAPS FOR NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING 473.1. Why lexical resources? 473.2. GWAPs for natural language processing 483.2.1. The problem of lexical resource acquisition 493.2.2. Lexical resources currently available 503.2.3. Benefits of GWAPs in NLP 533.3. PhraseDetectives 543.4. PlayCoref 573.5. Verbosity 593.6. JeuxDeMots 613.7. Zombilingo 623.8. Infection 643.9. Wordrobe 663.10. Other GWAPs dedicated to NLP 683.10.1. Open Mind Word Expert 683.10.2. 1001 Paraphrases 693.10.3. Categorilla/Categodzilla 693.10.4. FreeAssociation 703.10.5. Entity Discovery 703.10.6. PhraTris 70CHAPTER 4. UNCLASSIFIABLE GWAPS 734.1. Beat the Bots 734.2. Apetopia 754.3. Quantum Moves 764.4. Duolingo 774.5. The ARTigo portal 804.5.1. ARTigo and ARTigo Taboo 814.5.2. Combino 834.5.3. Karido 834.6. Be A Martian 854.7. Akinator, the genie of the Web 864.8. References 89CHAPTER 5. THE JEUXDEMOTS PROJECT – GWAPS AND WORDS 915.1. Building a lexical network 915.2. JEUXDEMOTS: an association game 935.3. PTICLIC: an allocation game 965.4. TOTAKI: a guessing game 985.5. Voting games 995.5.1. ASKIT 1005.5.2. LIKEIT 1025.5.3. SEXIT 1045.6. Multi-selection games 1055.7. From games to contributory systems 1095.8. Data collected and properties of the games presented 1125.8.1. Instructions/difficult relations 1145.8.2. Forcing, players typology and error rate 115CONCLUSION 119BIBLIOGRAPHY 127INDEX 135