Christina Schaffner is a lecturer in German in the School of Languages and European Studies at Aston University (Birmingham, UK), Co-director of the Institute for the Study of Language and Society, and Secretary General of the European Society for Translation Studies. Her main research interests are translation studies, political discourse, textlinguistics and metaphors.

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• Christina Schäffner: The Concept of Norms in Translation StudiesGideon Toury: A Handful of Paragraphs on ‘Translation’ and ‘Norms’The First DebateTheo Hermans: Translation and NormativityThe Second DebateAndrew Chesterman: Description, Explanation, Prediction: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansDaniel Gile: Norms in Research on Conference Interpreting: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansAnthony Pym: Okay, So How Are Translation Norms Negotiated? A Question for Gideon Toury and Theo HermansDouglas Robinson: Looking Through Translation: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansSergio Viaggio: The Limitations of the Strictly Socio-Historical Description of Norms: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansGideon Toury: Some of Us Are Finally Talking to Each Other: Would it Mark the Beginning of a True Dialogue? Comments on ResponsesTheo Hermans: Some Concluding Comments on the Debates and the Responses

Christina Schaffner is a lecturer in German in the School of Languages and European Studies at Aston University (Birmingham, UK), Co-director of the Institute for the Study of Language and Society, and Secretary General of the European Society for Translation Studies. Her main research interests are translation studies, political discourse, textlinguistics and metaphors.

Select Guide Rating

• Christina Schäffner: The Concept of Norms in Translation StudiesGideon Toury: A Handful of Paragraphs on ‘Translation’ and ‘Norms’The First DebateTheo Hermans: Translation and NormativityThe Second DebateAndrew Chesterman: Description, Explanation, Prediction: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansDaniel Gile: Norms in Research on Conference Interpreting: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansAnthony Pym: Okay, So How Are Translation Norms Negotiated? A Question for Gideon Toury and Theo HermansDouglas Robinson: Looking Through Translation: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansSergio Viaggio: The Limitations of the Strictly Socio-Historical Description of Norms: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansGideon Toury: Some of Us Are Finally Talking to Each Other: Would it Mark the Beginning of a True Dialogue? Comments on ResponsesTheo Hermans: Some Concluding Comments on the Debates and the Responses

Christina Schaffner is a lecturer in German in the School of Languages and European Studies at Aston University (Birmingham, UK), Co-director of the Institute for the Study of Language and Society, and Secretary General of the European Society for Translation Studies. Her main research interests are translation studies, political discourse, textlinguistics and metaphors.

Select Guide Rating

• Christina Schäffner: The Concept of Norms in Translation StudiesGideon Toury: A Handful of Paragraphs on ‘Translation’ and ‘Norms’The First DebateTheo Hermans: Translation and NormativityThe Second DebateAndrew Chesterman: Description, Explanation, Prediction: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansDaniel Gile: Norms in Research on Conference Interpreting: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansAnthony Pym: Okay, So How Are Translation Norms Negotiated? A Question for Gideon Toury and Theo HermansDouglas Robinson: Looking Through Translation: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansSergio Viaggio: The Limitations of the Strictly Socio-Historical Description of Norms: A Response to Gideon Toury and Theo HermansGideon Toury: Some of Us Are Finally Talking to Each Other: Would it Mark the Beginning of a True Dialogue? Comments on ResponsesTheo Hermans: Some Concluding Comments on the Debates and the Responses