Art and Science of Computer Animation

Häftad, Engelska, 1999

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Beskrivning

A mixture of visual poetry and mathematics, computer animation is a discipline which can be approached from the directions of science, art and simple curiosity. This text seeks to bridge the gap between the designer/animator and the scientific programmer.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum:1999-11-01
Mått:173 x 229 x 20 mm
Vikt:600 g
Format:Häftad
Språk:Engelska
Antal sidor:200
Förlag:Intellect
ISBN:9781871516715

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Innehållsförteckning

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSINTRODUCTIONPART ONE:1. THE NATURE OF ANIMATION 1.1 Frame rates 1.2 Animation devices 1.3 Storyboards 1.4 Traditional methods 1.4.1 Model animation 1.5 Keyframing 1.6 The role of computers 1.7 Manipulation by computer 1.8 Paint systems 1.9 Other roles for the computer 1. 10 Three dimensions 1.11 Kinematics/dynamics 1.12 Rule-based systems 1.13 Artificial intelligence 2. APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER ANIMATION 2.1 TV graphics 2.2 Scientific visualisation 2.3 Simulation 2.4 Flight simulators 2.5 Military 2.6 Space 2.7 Architecture 2.8 Archaeology 2.9 Medical2.10 Film2.11 Special effect2.12 Advertising2.13 Corporate video2.14 Education2.15 Games2.16 Art2.17 Multimedia2.18 Conclusion3. BASICS OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS3.1 Pixels3.2 Coordinates3.3 Raster/vector3.4 Transformations3.5 Modelling3.6 Hidden surfaces3.7 Rendering3.8 Textures3.9 Artifacts3.10 Hardware3.11 Expense4. MOVEMENT CONTROL4.1 Paths4.1.1 Curved paths4.1.2 Other uses4.2 Kinematics4.3 Parametrics4.4 Dynamics4.5 Inverse control4.6 Hybrid control4.7 Control level4.8 Metamorphosis4.9 Displacement animation4.10 Rotation4.11 Motion blur4.12 Conclusion5. THE HUMAN/COMPUTER INTERFACE5.1 Requirements5.2 Input devices5.2.1 Keyboard5.2.2Mouse5.2.3 Tracker ball5.2.4 Joystick5.2.5 Digitising pad5.2.6 Other devices5.3 Feedback5.4 The screen environment5.5 The 3-D environment5.6 HCI for animators6. HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS6.1 Bits and chips6.2 Architecture6.3Memory6.4 Types of computer6.5 Display6.6 Frame buffers6.7 Saving the image6.7.1 Hard copy6.7.2 Film6.7.3 Video6.8 Image input devices6.9 Standards6.10 Hardware for animation7. SOFTWARE7.1 Choice7.2 Examples7 .2.1 Modelling7.2.2 Rendering7.2.3 Choreography7.2.4 2-D7.3 Customised7.4 Compatibility The Art and Science of Computer Animation7.4.1 Standards7.4.2 Postscript7.4.3 RenderMan7.5 Device control7.5.1 Multimedia7.6 Conclusion8. LANGUAGE CONSIDERATIONS8.1 Language types8.1.1 Low level/high level8.1.2 Interpreted/compiled8.1.3 ProceduraVdedarative8.1.4 Object-orientated8.1.5 ParalleVsequential8.1.6 Dedicated languages8.1.7 Hybrid languages8.2 Relevant languages8.2.1 Algol8.2.2 Assembler8.2.3 BASIC8.2.4 C8.2.5C++8.2.6FORTH8.2.7 FORTRAN8.2.8 LISP8.2.9Logo8.2.10 Occam8.2.11 Pascal8.2.12 PROLOG8.2.13 Pseudocode8.2.14 SmallTalk8.3 Choice of languagePART TWO:9. STATE-OF-THE-ART: SIMULATION9.1 Dynamics9.2 Physically based modelling9.3 Constraints9.4 Collisions9.4.1 Collision detection9 .4.2 Collision response9.4.3 Collision avoidance9.5 Behaviour9.6 Teleological modelling10. STATE-OF-THE-ART: SOFT MODELLING10.1 Particle systems10.1.1 Globular dynamics10.2 Parametric modelling10.2.1 Clouds10.2.2 Waves10.2.3 Plant models10.3 Voxels10.4 Fractals10.4.1 Iterated function systems10.5 Finite element methods10.5.1 Cloth10.6 Fur and texels10.7 Stochastics10.8 Conclusion11. STATE-OF-THE-ART: BEHAVIOURAL ANIMATION 11.1 Artificial intelligence 11.1.1 Distributed AI 11.1.2 Expert systems 11.1.3 Human intelligence 11.2 Grouping 11.3 Goal seeking11.4 Vision 11.5 Stimulus-response animation 11.6 Arbitration 11.7 Conclusion 12. STATE-OF-THE-ART: SYNTHETIC HUMANS 12.1 Locomotion 12.2 Tasks 12.3 Appearance 12.4 Facial animation12.5 Characterisation13. THE FUTURE TODAY13.1 Virtual reality13.2 Interfaces13.3 Digital dough13.4 Eric13.5 Hardware13.5.1 Nanotechnology13.6 Multimedia13.7 ConclusionAPPENDICESA. Book recommendationsB. Dynamics formulaeC. 'Pencil test'GLOSSARY OF TERMSBIBLIOGRAPHYINDEX