After completing his M.A. and Ph.D. respectively in Far Eastern Affairs at SOAS and International History at LSE during the years 1973 to 1980, Ku Daeyeol returned to Seoul to work at the Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security (IFANS), affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, before moving to Ewha Womans University in 1983, where he taught within the Department of Politics and Diplomacy until his retirement in 2011. His principal fields of research are the international histories of Korea in modern times, as well as international relations. He was selected twice as a Fulbright Senior Scholar, which enabled him to conduct research at the National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC (NARA and thus write this book. Among his recent publications is Politics of the Three Kingdoms’ Unification (Seoul: Kkachi, 2010), which received the award of “Excellent Academic Publication” by the Korean Association of Political Science for the year 2011. After completing his M.A. and Ph.D. respectively in Far Eastern Affairs at SOAS and International History at LSE during the years 1973 to 1980, Ku Daeyeol returned to Seoul to work at the Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security (IFANS), affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, before moving to Ewha Womans University in 1983, where he taught within the Department of Politics and Diplomacy until his retirement in 2011. His principal fields of research are the international histories of Korea in modern times, as well as international relations. He was selected twice as a Fulbright Senior Scholar, which enabled him to conduct research at the National Archives and Records Administration, Washington DC (NARA and thus write this book. Among his recent publications is Politics of the Three Kingdoms’ Unification (Seoul: Kkachi, 2010), which received the award of “Excellent Academic Publication” by the Korean Association of Political Science for the year 2011.

‘As a carefully crafted work of diplomatic history, Ku’s book identifies and explains the key events that drove this tumultuous period in Korea’s past….But more broadly, Ku also provides us with a thoughtful examination of the nature of ‘international politics’ in a polity subject to the rule of another. In exploring the ‘Korean question’ within the wider ebb and flow and imperial visions and forces within and beyond the region, it sheds light on the entangled politics of competing empires and nationalisms in the making of modern East Asia.’ Robert Fletcher & Tehyun Ma, Series Editors Renaissance Books Imperialism in East Asia Series

• Editors' Preface, Abbreviations, Notes, Glossary, Preface, Part 1: The Period of Annexation, CHAPTER 1: A GENERAL FRAMEWORK, Japan and Korea, Policies of the Powers toward Korea - the United States and Great Britain, Perception in the Study of International History, CHAPTER 2: POLITICS OF ANNEXATION, Problems in Existing Studies, East Asian Relations after the Russo-Japanese War, Protectorate Politics and the Powers, Annexation and the Powers, Conclusion: Annexation and International Politics, CHAPTER 3: CONSOLIDATION AND EXPANSION: THE 1910s, Issues, The East Asian Situation and Korea, Korea and Manchuria, Domestic Affairs and Changes of Perception, Conclusion, CHAPTER 4: THE MARCH FIRST MOVEMENT (1919), Problems in Existing Studies, The East Asian Situation and Korea, British Reactions and the Jiandao Incident, American Reactions, Conclusion, CHAPTER 5: CHANGES IN PEACETIME: THE 1920s, The East Asian Situation, Japan and Changes of Perception, Japan's Continental Policy and the Korean Peninsula, Japan's Colonial Policy and the Powers, Conclusion, CHAPTER 6: BRIDGE BETWEEN JAPAN AND MANCHURIA:THE 1930s, Issues, The East Asian Situation and Korea, The Korean Peninsula and Manchuria, Japan's Colonial Policy and the Powers, Conclusion, RETROSPECTIVE: KOREA THROUGH A WESTERN LOOKING GLASS, Part 2: Role of the US and Other Powers, CHAPTER 7 PROBLEMS IN PREVIOUS STUDIES ON LIBERATION AND DIVISION, CHAPTER 8 : U.S. POLICY TOWARD KOREA: RECOGNITION OF INDEPENDENCE AND THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMEN, The United States and the Korean Question, Early Responses: Common Approach with China and Britain, Review of the Korean Question before the Cairo Declaration, Cairo and After, Reactivating the Allies' Common Policy, Conclusion, CHAPTER 9: CHINA'S KOREA POLICY: REASSERTION OF ITS POSITION AND KOREA, The United States and Other Powers in the Korean Question, Wartime Policies of the KMT Government and Korea, Restraints Imposed upon the KPG and Independence Army, Response of the KPG to the KMT Policy, Sino-American Cooperation and Confrontation over Korea Policy, Conclusion: Liberation and the Change of China's KPG Policy, CHAPTER 10 : BRITISH KOREA POLICY: RESTORATION OF THE EMPIRE AND THE KOREAN QUESTION, Britain's Presence in the Korean Question, Restoration of the Empire - Clash with the United States, East Asia and Korea in British Policy, British Perceptions of the Korean Question, The Cairo Declaration and After, Conclusion: Korea in World Politics, CHAPTER 11: THE SOVIET UNION AND KOREA: REVISITING SOVIET INTERVENTION IN THE KOREAN QUESTION, Soviet Factors in U.S. Korea Policy, Soviet Entry into the Korean Question, U.S. Deterrence vis-a-vis the Soviets in Kore, Military Occupation and the Division of Korea, A Reinterpretation of the Soviet Intervention, Conclusion: Finlandization and Division?, CHAPTER 12: A NEW LOOK AT THE TRUSTEESHIP, Problems in Existing Interpretations, Trusteeship in Colonial History, The Allies' Discussions on Trusteeship, Korean Trusteeship: Historical Perceptions and Realities, American Preparations for Trusteeship, Conclusion: Trusteeship and Division, EPILOGUE AND CONCLUSION: AN ESTABLISHED DIVISION, Epilogue, Conclusion: The Division Established, Bibliography, Index.