Non-Neoplastic Diseases of the Head and Neck

Bruce M. Wenig, MD, Senior Member, Anatomic Pathology Section Head, Head and Neck, and Endocrine Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center. Professor of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.Esther L. B. Childers, DDS, Chair and Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, College of Dentistry, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.Mary S. Richardson MD, DDS, Director of Surgical Pathology, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.Raja R. Seethala, MD, Section Director, Head and Neck, and Endocrine Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Professor of Pathology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennyslvania, USA.Lester D. R. Thompson, MD, Consultant Pathologist, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Woodland Hills, California, USA.

• 1: Nasal Cavity and Paranasal SinusesEmbryology, Anatomy, and Histology of the Nasal Cavity: Embryology. Anatomic Borders. Histology.Embryology, Anatomy, and Histology of the Paranasal Sinuses: Embryology. Anatomic Borders. Histology. Classification. Developmental Lesions: Heterotopic Central Nervous System (Glial) Tissue. Encephaloceles. Nasal Dermoid Sinus and Cyst. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia. Noninfectious Inflammatory and Tumor-Like Processes. Sinonasal Inflammatory Polyps. Paranasal Sinus Mucocele. Sinonasal Hamartomas: Respiratory Epithelial Adenomatoid Hamartoma. Seromucinous Hamartoma. Chondro-osseous and Respiratory Epithelial Hamartomas. Nasal Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. Myospherulosis. Extranodal Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy. Necrotizing Sialometaplasia. Eosinophilic Angiocentric Fibrosis. Sarcoidosis. Rhinophyma. Relapsing Polychondritis. Pyogenic Granuloma/Lobular Capillary Hemangioma.Fungal Diseases: Fungal Rhinosinusitis. Noninvasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis. Fungus Ball. Non-Neoplastic Diseases of the Head and Neck. Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis: Acute Invasive FRS. Chronic Invasive and Chronic Granulomatous FRS. Sinonasal Mucormycosis. Rhinosporidiosis. Other Fungi.Bacterial Diseases: Bacterial Rhinoscleroma. Sinonasal Botryomycosis. Miscellaneous Sinonasal Bacterial Infections.Protozoal Diseases: Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis. Amebiasis.Viral Diseases.Rhinosinusitis: Allergic Rhinosinusitis. Infectious Rhinosinusitis. Viral Rhinosinusitis. Bacterial Sinusitis. Atrophic Rhinosinusitis. Aspirin Intolerance or Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease. Nonallergic Rhinosinusitis with Eosinophilia Syndrome and Eosinophilic. Chronic Rhinosinusitis Syndrome.2: Oral Cavity and JawEmbryology, Anatomy, and Histology: Embryology. Anatomy. Histology.Classification.Developmental Lesions: Heterotopias (Choristomas) and Hamartomas. Fordyce Granules. Ectopic Thyroid Tissue and Lingual Thyroid. Oral Choristoma. Tori and Exostoses. Oral Cavity Cysts: Oral Lymphoepithelial Cyst. Nasopalatine Duct Cyst.Infectious Diseases of the Oral Cavity: Fungal Disease: Candidiasis. Other Fungi. Viruses. Human Papillomavirus. Epstein-Barr Virus. Cytomegalovirus. Herpes Virus. Bacteria and Spirochetes. Gonorrhea. Syphilis.Epithelial Inflammatory or Tumor-Like Processes: Reactive Epithelial and Epithelial-Related Proliferations: Verruca Vulgaris. Condyloma Acuminatum. Oral Mucosal Condyloma Acuminatum. Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia. Oral Hairy Leukoplakia. Verruciform Xanthoma. Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia. Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia. Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia.Mesenchymal Lesions: Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma. Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma. Irritation Fibroma. Giant Cell Fibroma. Giant Cell Lesions. Central and Peripheral Giant Cell Granulomas.Oral Fibrosing Lesions: Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Gingival Fibromatosis.Vascular Lesions: Pyogenic Granuloma (Lobular Capillary Hemangioma). Congenital Epulis (Congenital Granular Cell Tumor).Benign Fibro-osseous Lesions of Craniofacial Bones: Fibrous Dysplasia. Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia.Pigmented Lesions: Exogenous Pigmentations. Endogenous Pigmentations. Non-Neoplastic Diseases of the Head and Neck. Black Hairy Tongue. Myospherulosis.Odontogenic Cysts: Dentigerous Cyst. Eruption Cyst. Glandular Odontogenic Cyst. Lateral Periodontal Cyst. Periapical Cyst. Selective Autoimmune, Allergic, Systemic, and Cutaneous-Type Diseases: Affecting the Oral Cavity. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. Lichen Planus. Aphthous Stomatitis.Radiation-Associated Changes.3: PharynxEmbryology, Anatomy, and Histology: Embryology. Anatomy. Anatomic Borders. Histology.Classification.Developmental Cystic Lesions: Nasopharyngeal Cysts: Rathke Pouch Cyst. Thornwaldt Cyst. Pharyngeal Hamartomas, Choristomas, and Teratomatous Lesions: Nasopharyngeal Hamartomas. Pharyngeal/Nasopharyngeal Central Nervous System Heterotopias. Nasoharyngeal Dermoid, or Teratoid, Lesions. Lymphangiomatous Polyp of the Tonsil. Salivary Gland Anlage Tumor.Infectious Diseases: Tonsillitis. Peritonsillar Abscess. Lemierre Disease/Syndrome. EBV-Related Diseases and Infectious Mononucleosis. Human Papillomavirus. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immunodeficiency. Syndrome. HIV-Related Lymphoid Changes of Nasopharyngeal and Palatine Tonsils. AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infectious Diseases. Cytomegalovirus. Herpes Simplex Virus. Measles Infection. Fungus Infections. Bacteria and Spirochetes.Reactive, Inflammatory, and Tumor-Like Lesions: Tangier Disease.4. NeckAnatomy.Classification.Cystic (Non-neoplastic Lesions of the Neck): Branchial Anomalies. First Branchial Anomalies. Second Branchial Anomalies. Third Branchial Anomalies. Fourth Branchial Anomalies. Thyroglossal Duct Cyst. Cervical Thymic Cyst. Bronchogenic Cysts. Dermoid Cyst. Infectious Diseases: Mycobacterial Tuberculosis Infection. Scrofula. Mycobacterial Spindle Cell Pseudotumor. Actinomycosis. Cat Scratch Disease. Bacillary Angiomatosis. Other Infectious Diseases. Inflammatory and Tumor-Like Lesions. Sarcoidosis.5. Larynx and TracheaEmbryology, Anatomy, and Histology: Larynx: Embryology. Anatomy. Histology. Laryngeal Cartilages.Embryology, Anatomy, and Histology: Trachea: Embryology. non-Neoplastic Diseases of the Head and Neck. Anatomy. Histology.Classification.Developmental Lesions: Laryngomalacia. Tracheopathia Osteochondroplastica.Hamartomas, Choristomas, and Ectopias.Infectious Diseases: Granulomatous Laryngopharyngitis. Viruses. Bacteria. Fungi. Protozoa. Noninfectious Inflammatory Diseases: Angioedema/Allergic Laryngitis. Sarcoidosis.Autoimmune Diseases: Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. Relapsing Polychondritis.Tumor-Like Processes: Vocal Cord Nodules and Polyps. Laryngocele and Saccular Cyst. Other Laryngeal Cysts. Contact Ulcer of the Larynx. Necrotizing Sialometaplasia. Laryngeal Amyloidosis. Subglottic Stenosis. Rheumatoid Nodule. Teflon Granuloma. Reactive Epithelial Changes. Radiation-Associated Changes.Laryngeal Manifestations of Dermatologic Disorders: Epidermolysis Bullosa. Pemphigus. Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid.6. Salivary GlandsEmbryology, Anatomy, and Histology: Embryology. Anatomy. Histology.Classification.Developmental Lesions: Accessory Parotid Glands. Salivary Gland Heterotopia (Ectopias, Choristomas). Salivary Gland Hamartomas and Adenomatoid Hyperplasia.Salivary Cysts: Salivary Duct Cyst and Mucous Retention Cyst. Mucus Extravasation Phenomenon (Extravasation Mucocele). Ranula. Lymphoepithelial Cysts. Polycystic (Dysgenetic) Disease.Metaplasia and Hyperplasia: Oncocytic Metaplasia and Oncocytosis. Sialadenosis.Infectious, Inflammatory, and Reactive Diseases: Acute Sialadenitis and Viral Parotitis (Mumps). Chronic Nonautoimmune Sialadenitis. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Salivary Gland Disease. Lymphoepithelial Sialadenitis. Sjögren Syndrome. IgG4-Related Sialadenitis. Sarcoidosis. Tumor-Like Lesions: Necrotizing Sialometaplasia. Subacute Necrotizing Sialadenitis. Extranodal Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman Disease). Intercalated Duct Lesion. 7. Ear and Temporal BoneEmbryology, Anatomy, and Histology: Embryology. Anatomy. Histology. Classification.Congenital Abnormalities: Accessory Tragus. Branchial Cleft Anomalies. Non-Neoplastic Diseases of the Head and Neck.Tumor-Like Lesions of the External Ear Region: Keloid. Chondrodermatitis Nodularis Chronicus Helicis.Idiopathic Cystic Chondromalacia of the Auricular Cartilage. Exostosis. Synovial Chondromatosis of the Temporomandibular Joint. Kimura Disease and Epithelioid Hemangioma.Infectious Diseases of the External Ear: Necrotizing External Otitis.Infectious and Inflammatory Lesions of the Middle Ear and Temporal Lobe: Otitis Media. Otic (Aural) Polyp. Cholesteatoma. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.Heterotopias of the Middle Ear and Mastoid: Middle Ear Salivary Gland Heterotopia. Middle Ear Neuroglial Heterotopia. Acquired Encephalocele.Autoimmune, Degenerative, and Systemic Diseases: Relapsing Polychondritis. Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis. Tophaceous Gout. Tophaceous Pseudogout. Osteosclerosis. Paget Disease of Bone. Ménière Disease.Developmental Defects of the Middle Ear and Temporal Bone.