RONALD C. KRAMER is a professor of sociology at Western Michigan University. His books include Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes and State-Corporate Crime, both from Rutgers University Press.

"Kramer brilliantly provides an in-depth, meticulous, and unambiguous critical analysis establishing the immorality and illegality of nuclear weapons and the ominous catastrophic threat they pose to all of humanity and other living species. Apocalyptic Crimes is a timely must-read given the climate crisis, increased geopolitical tensions, wars, conflicts, and ongoing nuclear aspirations. Kramer elegantly demonstrates that the culture of nuclearism must end and atomic weapons should be abolished, dismantled, and destroyed before the Doomsday Clock clicks on midnight." - Dawn L. Rothe (coeditor of State Crime: Current Perspectives) "As one of few criminologists to warn of the threats posed to humanity by nuclear weapons, Kramer has been a prominent and assiduous voice on the importance of this issue within the discipline for over forty years. In this book, he provides a means of historicizing, conceptualizing, analyzing, and-importantly-challenging contemporary geopolitical apocalyptic crimes. Calling on scholars and the public to take seriously the stockpiling of and threats to use nuclear weapons, this book is a wake-up call for criminology to foreground these contemporary problems as key features of the discipline." - Ross McGarry (coauthor of A Criminology of War?)

• Preface and AcknowledgmentsForeword by Ray MichalowskiChapter 1 “It is 90 Seconds to Midnight”: Nuclear Weapons, Apocalyptic Harms, and State CrimeChapter 2 Nuclear Warfare is Illegal: International Law and Nuclear WeaponsChapter 3 The Use of the Atomic Bomb Against Japan and the Normalization of a Geopolitical CrimeChapter 4 Crimes of Empire: Cold War Nuclear Threats and the Failure of International ControlsChapter 5 Nuclear Madness, Arms Control Treaties, and the End of the Cold WarChapter 6 After the Cold War: Lost Opportunities for Disarmament, Nuclear Nonproliferation by Force, and the Prague PromiseChapter 7 Current Apocalyptic Threats, The American Empire, and a Pathway to the Abolition of Nuclear WeaponsList of AbbreviationsIndexForeword: Nuclear Death by Raymond J. Michalowski ixPreface and AcknowledgmentsxxiList of Abbreviations xxv1 “It Is 90 Seconds to Midnight”: Nuclear Weapons,Apocalyptic Harms, and State Crime 12 Nuclear Warfare Is Illegal: International Lawand Nuclear Weapons 233 The Use of the Atomic Bomb against Japanand the Normalization of a GeopoliticalCrime 514 Crimes of Empire: Cold War Nuclear Threatsand the Failure of International Controls 835 Nuclear Madness, Arms Control Treaties,and the End of the Cold War 1096 Afterthe Cold War: Lost Opportunitiesfor Disarmament, Nuclear Nonproliferationby Force, and the Prague Promise 1397 Current Apocalyptic Threats, the AmericanEmpire, and a Pathway to the Abolition ofNuclear Weapons 177Notes 213Index 000

RONALD C. KRAMER is a professor of sociology at Western Michigan University. His books include Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes and State-Corporate Crime, both from Rutgers University Press.

"Kramer brilliantly provides an in-depth, meticulous, and unambiguous critical analysis establishing the immorality and illegality of nuclear weapons and the ominous catastrophic threat they pose to all of humanity and other living species. Apocalyptic Crimes is a timely must-read given the climate crisis, increased geopolitical tensions, wars, conflicts, and ongoing nuclear aspirations. Kramer elegantly demonstrates that the culture of nuclearism must end and atomic weapons should be abolished, dismantled, and destroyed before the Doomsday Clock clicks on midnight." - Dawn L. Rothe (coeditor of State Crime: Current Perspectives) "As one of few criminologists to warn of the threats posed to humanity by nuclear weapons, Kramer has been a prominent and assiduous voice on the importance of this issue within the discipline for over forty years. In this book, he provides a means of historicizing, conceptualizing, analyzing, and-importantly-challenging contemporary geopolitical apocalyptic crimes. Calling on scholars and the public to take seriously the stockpiling of and threats to use nuclear weapons, this book is a wake-up call for criminology to foreground these contemporary problems as key features of the discipline." - Ross McGarry (coauthor of A Criminology of War?)

• Preface and AcknowledgmentsForeword by Ray MichalowskiChapter 1 “It is 90 Seconds to Midnight”: Nuclear Weapons, Apocalyptic Harms, and State CrimeChapter 2 Nuclear Warfare is Illegal: International Law and Nuclear WeaponsChapter 3 The Use of the Atomic Bomb Against Japan and the Normalization of a Geopolitical CrimeChapter 4 Crimes of Empire: Cold War Nuclear Threats and the Failure of International ControlsChapter 5 Nuclear Madness, Arms Control Treaties, and the End of the Cold WarChapter 6 After the Cold War: Lost Opportunities for Disarmament, Nuclear Nonproliferation by Force, and the Prague PromiseChapter 7 Current Apocalyptic Threats, The American Empire, and a Pathway to the Abolition of Nuclear WeaponsList of AbbreviationsIndexForeword: Nuclear Death by Raymond J. Michalowski ixPreface and AcknowledgmentsxxiList of Abbreviations xxv1 “It Is 90 Seconds to Midnight”: Nuclear Weapons,Apocalyptic Harms, and State Crime 12 Nuclear Warfare Is Illegal: International Lawand Nuclear Weapons 233 The Use of the Atomic Bomb against Japanand the Normalization of a GeopoliticalCrime 514 Crimes of Empire: Cold War Nuclear Threatsand the Failure of International Controls 835 Nuclear Madness, Arms Control Treaties,and the End of the Cold War 1096 Afterthe Cold War: Lost Opportunitiesfor Disarmament, Nuclear Nonproliferationby Force, and the Prague Promise 1397 Current Apocalyptic Threats, the AmericanEmpire, and a Pathway to the Abolition ofNuclear Weapons 177Notes 213Index 000

RONALD C. KRAMER is a professor of sociology at Western Michigan University. His books include Carbon Criminals, Climate Crimes and State-Corporate Crime, both from Rutgers University Press.

"Kramer brilliantly provides an in-depth, meticulous, and unambiguous critical analysis establishing the immorality and illegality of nuclear weapons and the ominous catastrophic threat they pose to all of humanity and other living species. Apocalyptic Crimes is a timely must-read given the climate crisis, increased geopolitical tensions, wars, conflicts, and ongoing nuclear aspirations. Kramer elegantly demonstrates that the culture of nuclearism must end and atomic weapons should be abolished, dismantled, and destroyed before the Doomsday Clock clicks on midnight." - Dawn L. Rothe (coeditor of State Crime: Current Perspectives) "As one of few criminologists to warn of the threats posed to humanity by nuclear weapons, Kramer has been a prominent and assiduous voice on the importance of this issue within the discipline for over forty years. In this book, he provides a means of historicizing, conceptualizing, analyzing, and-importantly-challenging contemporary geopolitical apocalyptic crimes. Calling on scholars and the public to take seriously the stockpiling of and threats to use nuclear weapons, this book is a wake-up call for criminology to foreground these contemporary problems as key features of the discipline." - Ross McGarry (coauthor of A Criminology of War?)

• Preface and AcknowledgmentsForeword by Ray MichalowskiChapter 1 “It is 90 Seconds to Midnight”: Nuclear Weapons, Apocalyptic Harms, and State CrimeChapter 2 Nuclear Warfare is Illegal: International Law and Nuclear WeaponsChapter 3 The Use of the Atomic Bomb Against Japan and the Normalization of a Geopolitical CrimeChapter 4 Crimes of Empire: Cold War Nuclear Threats and the Failure of International ControlsChapter 5 Nuclear Madness, Arms Control Treaties, and the End of the Cold WarChapter 6 After the Cold War: Lost Opportunities for Disarmament, Nuclear Nonproliferation by Force, and the Prague PromiseChapter 7 Current Apocalyptic Threats, The American Empire, and a Pathway to the Abolition of Nuclear WeaponsList of AbbreviationsIndexForeword: Nuclear Death by Raymond J. Michalowski ixPreface and AcknowledgmentsxxiList of Abbreviations xxv1 “It Is 90 Seconds to Midnight”: Nuclear Weapons,Apocalyptic Harms, and State Crime 12 Nuclear Warfare Is Illegal: International Lawand Nuclear Weapons 233 The Use of the Atomic Bomb against Japanand the Normalization of a GeopoliticalCrime 514 Crimes of Empire: Cold War Nuclear Threatsand the Failure of International Controls 835 Nuclear Madness, Arms Control Treaties,and the End of the Cold War 1096 Afterthe Cold War: Lost Opportunitiesfor Disarmament, Nuclear Nonproliferationby Force, and the Prague Promise 1397 Current Apocalyptic Threats, the AmericanEmpire, and a Pathway to the Abolition ofNuclear Weapons 177Notes 213Index 000