Ole Madsen is Professor at the Department of Materials and Production at Aalborg University, Denmark, where he is Head of the research group on Robotics and Automation. He has more than 25 years of experience in industrial automation. He is Co-founder of the AAU Smart Production laboratory, and he has since 2016 been Laurids Andersen Professor with the focus on bringing Smart Production and Industry 4.0 to SMEs. His research interests include flexible robotics, reconfigurable manufacturing systems, and Industry 4.0.Ulrich Berger is Full Professor, Chair of Automation Technology at Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany. Since 2016 he is Adjunct Professor Smart Production at Aalborg University. He has technical and scientific expertise in robotics, automation and Industry 4.0. He is the founder and Director of the SME Technology Transfer Center Modern Industry Brandenburg and General Manager of the German SME Competence Center Industry 4.0 Cottbus.Charles Møller is Full Professor in Enterprise Systems and Process Innovation at the Center for Industrial Production (CIP), Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark. He is researching the interplay between operations and information systems in industry where the perspectives include both technology and management. His current research interest includes ERP/MES systems, IT/OT integration, development of digital supply chains, factories, and smart production. Charles Møller is currently engaged in the Danish platform: Manufacturing Academy of Denmark, (MADE) where he is Primary Investigator in Digital Supply Chains, Smart Factories, and Value Chain Execution and Optimization.Astrid Heidemann Lassen is Associate Professor in Innovation Management at the Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark. She is Head of Section in Production and Vice Head of Department. Since 2015, she has been Honorary Visiting Professor at the Unit for Innovation and Entrepreneurship at University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Her research focus is, in particular, on the process of developing organizational capabilities for innovation and digital transformation in the context of both established companies and knowledge intensive entrepreneurial ventures.Brian Vejrum Wæhrens is Professorat the Center for Industrial Production (CIP), Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark. . His current research interests are digital and sustainable transformation of industry, studied as the effective integration of day-to-day operations across a dispersed operations network, and its link with strategic development initiatives within the company and at the supply chain level.Casper Schou is Assistant Professor at the Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Denmark. His main research areas andexpertise are within smart factories, collaborative robotics, and recently swarm production. Since 2016, he is responsible for operation of the AAU Smart Production Lab and involved in numerous experiments and real-world tests

• Acknowledgements.- 1. Editorial – introduction to the book.- Part I: Vision.- 2. The Smart production vision.- 3. Challenges for SMEs on their Path to Smart Production.- 4. The Vision and Development Trajectory for the Twin Transformation—Cross-Pollination Between SMART and Circular Production.- 5. An Action Design Research Approach to study Digital Transformation in SME.- Part II: Transformation.- 6. Introduction to Part 2.- 7. Maturity Assessments to support SME overcoming structural changes in their business environment.- 8. How to support the transformation towards Smart Production by applying the Digital Factory Mapping: a case study.- 9. Differences between Small and Medium Sized Companies when realizing Smart Production - Experiences from Northwest Smart Production Program in Denmark.- 10. Innovation Factory North: An Approach to Make Small and Medium Sized Manufacturing Companies Smarter.- 11. Digitalization and Automation in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Challenges, needs, and solutions in Brandenburg, Germany.- 12. ARENA2036 a Collaborative Space for the Future of Mobility and Production.- 13. Subscription business models as accelerators for the adoption of Industry 4.0 by SMEs.- Part III: Solutions.- 14. Introduction to Part 3.- 15. Improving Responsiveness in SMEs through Changeable and Reconfigurable Manufacturing.- 16. Role of computer simulation in the collaborative robot implementation journey of SMEs.- 17. Intelligent Assistance Systems for Assembly Tasks.- 18. IIoT and smart sensors in human-centered manufacturing.- 19. Paperless Production Demonstrator.- 20. The journey from direct and indirect additive manufacturing of individual parts to virtual warehousing of the parts portfolio: lessons for industrial manufacturers.- 21. A Modular Engineering Pipeline for Mixed Reality Environments.- 22. Predictive analytics applications for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) – A mini survey and real-world use cases.- 23. SMEs and the Sustainability Challenge: Digital shadow enabling smart decision making.- Part IV: Technologies.- 24. Introduction to Part 4.- 25. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).- 26. CloudComputing: Key to Enabling Smart Production and Industry 4.0.- 27. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.- 28. 5G Smart Production.- 29. Information Security: The Cornerstone for Surviving the Digital Wild.- 30. Digital Twins: Making it feasible for SMEs.- 31. Augmented Reality: Increasing Availability and its Implication for SMEs.- 32. Additive Manufacturing.- 33. Collaborative Robots for Smart Production in SMEs.- Part V: Competences.- 34. Introduction to Part 5: Competences for Smart Production.- 35. Competences needed for Industry 4.0 and future trends.- 36. Labour 4.0: How is the workforce prepared for the future of manufacturing industries?.- 37. Qualification in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises as the Key Driver for a Digitized Economy.- 38. A Sandbox Approach for Manufacturing Innovation: A Multiple Case Study.- 39. Learning Factories for Learning and Experimentation in Industry 4.0 in SMEs.