The book deals with the regulation of GMOs within the context of multiple principles and interests, including food security, sustainable development, and biodiversity. The recognition of intellectual property rights, particularly with respect to geographical indications and patentability is also discussed. From a comparative perspective, the importance of traceability in the food industry, driven by major world powers' consumer and market protection policies, is highlighted. Finally the use of emerging technologies, such as blockchain, as a form of "regulatory technology" for more effective and sustainable management of traceability systems within the food supply chain, is explored as a workable and forward looking solution.