This book presents a curated selection of peer-reviewed papers from the 2024 IEEE Conference on Advanced Topics in Measurement and Simulation (AToMS), held in Constanta, Romania. Focusing on interdisciplinary research that falls outside the traditional IEEE scope, this book highlights recent advances in environmental engineering, materials science, mechanical engineering, and the societal impact of emerging technologies. Readers find innovative methodologies, experimental studies, and case-based insights that reflect the evolving role of measurement and simulation across a wide range of scientific and industrial applications.