Lynn R. Webster, MD, FACPM, FASAMSenior Fellow, Center for U.S. PolicyAssociate Editor, Special Populations Section, Pain MedicineAuthor of the award-winning book, The Painful TruthDocumentary Co-Producer, It Hurts Until You Die Sarah Eichberg, PhDThe Eichberg GroupDunedin, FL, USA

• Introduction.- Competing Narratives.- Reporting Data on Drug Overdose.- COVID-19 and the Opioid Epidemic.- Opioids and Social Determinants of Health.- Models of Addiction.- Free-Market Capitalism and the Opioid Crisis.- Medicalization, Criminalization, and Contradictions.- Econometric Studies.- Place-Based and Contextual Factors.- Errors in Fentanyl and Media Reporting.- Mapping the Risk Environment: Socioeconomic Dimensions of the Crisis.- Risk and Resilience: The Social Ecology of Addiction.- Upstream Determinants of Opioid Risk: Trauma, Stigma, and Social Capital in the Risk Environment Qualitative Literature.- Transformational Solutions and Global Lessons.- Evolving Toward a Structural Paradigm: Prevention 2.0.- Appendix  A – Summary of Findings from Econometric Studies.- Appendix  B – Summary of Spatial Analysis Research Results.- Appendix  C – Summary of Qualitative Studies on Risk Environment.

Lynn R. Webster, MD, FACPM, FASAMSenior Fellow, Center for U.S. PolicyAssociate Editor, Special Populations Section, Pain MedicineAuthor of the award-winning book, The Painful TruthDocumentary Co-Producer, It Hurts Until You Die Sarah Eichberg, PhDThe Eichberg GroupDunedin, FL, USA

• Introduction.- Competing Narratives.- Reporting Data on Drug Overdose.- COVID-19 and the Opioid Epidemic.- Opioids and Social Determinants of Health.- Models of Addiction.- Free-Market Capitalism and the Opioid Crisis.- Medicalization, Criminalization, and Contradictions.- Econometric Studies.- Place-Based and Contextual Factors.- Errors in Fentanyl and Media Reporting.- Mapping the Risk Environment: Socioeconomic Dimensions of the Crisis.- Risk and Resilience: The Social Ecology of Addiction.- Upstream Determinants of Opioid Risk: Trauma, Stigma, and Social Capital in the Risk Environment Qualitative Literature.- Transformational Solutions and Global Lessons.- Evolving Toward a Structural Paradigm: Prevention 2.0.- Appendix  A – Summary of Findings from Econometric Studies.- Appendix  B – Summary of Spatial Analysis Research Results.- Appendix  C – Summary of Qualitative Studies on Risk Environment.

Lynn R. Webster, MD, FACPM, FASAMSenior Fellow, Center for U.S. PolicyAssociate Editor, Special Populations Section, Pain MedicineAuthor of the award-winning book, The Painful TruthDocumentary Co-Producer, It Hurts Until You Die Sarah Eichberg, PhDThe Eichberg GroupDunedin, FL, USA

• Introduction.- Competing Narratives.- Reporting Data on Drug Overdose.- COVID-19 and the Opioid Epidemic.- Opioids and Social Determinants of Health.- Models of Addiction.- Free-Market Capitalism and the Opioid Crisis.- Medicalization, Criminalization, and Contradictions.- Econometric Studies.- Place-Based and Contextual Factors.- Errors in Fentanyl and Media Reporting.- Mapping the Risk Environment: Socioeconomic Dimensions of the Crisis.- Risk and Resilience: The Social Ecology of Addiction.- Upstream Determinants of Opioid Risk: Trauma, Stigma, and Social Capital in the Risk Environment Qualitative Literature.- Transformational Solutions and Global Lessons.- Evolving Toward a Structural Paradigm: Prevention 2.0.- Appendix  A – Summary of Findings from Econometric Studies.- Appendix  B – Summary of Spatial Analysis Research Results.- Appendix  C – Summary of Qualitative Studies on Risk Environment.