Marco Ferretti is an Associate Professor at the University of Napoli Parthenope where he teaches management and management of innovation. He received his PhD in Engineering at the University of Padova and worked as a Visiting Scholar at Sloan School of Management of MIT in the area of management of technology. He is coordinator of many research projects financed by Italian Ministry of University and by Campania Region aimed at developing local innovation systems in weak regions such as Southern Italy. He has been a consultant for the United Nations Industrial Organization (UNIDO) for many years on the topics of international technology transfer and local innovation systems development in emerging countries. Adele Parmentola is an Assistant Professor at University of Napoli Parthenope where she teaches Management and Innovation Management. She also teaches International Management and International Marketing at LUISS Guido Carli (Rome). She received her PhD in Management from the University of Napoli Parthenope. As a Visiting Scholar at Wharton Business School, she studied the internationalization process of Chinese multinationals in Western countries. She collaborates in many research projects on the topic of innovation and internationalization. In particular, she works in a research project financed by the Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research and by Campania Region that is aimed at developing local innovation systems in weak regions such as Southern Italy.

• Introduction.- Local Innovation Systems in Emerging Countries.- The Government-Driven LISs.- The Firm-Driven LISs.- The University-Driven LISs.