"The book contains numerous overviews of the optimization literature, and each chapter has a comprehensive bibliography. The book will be of interest to both students who are interested in optimization and practitioners." (J. P. E. Hodgson, Computing Reviews, June, 2015)

• Introduction to Optimization.- Probability Collectives: A Distributed Optimization Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives: A Heuristic Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives with a Penalty Function Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives With Feasibility-Based Rule I.- Probability Collectives for Discrete and Mixed Variable Problems.- Probability Collectives with Feasibility-Based Rule II.

"The book contains numerous overviews of the optimization literature, and each chapter has a comprehensive bibliography. The book will be of interest to both students who are interested in optimization and practitioners." (J. P. E. Hodgson, Computing Reviews, June, 2015)

• Introduction to Optimization.- Probability Collectives: A Distributed Optimization Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives: A Heuristic Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives with a Penalty Function Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives With Feasibility-Based Rule I.- Probability Collectives for Discrete and Mixed Variable Problems.- Probability Collectives with Feasibility-Based Rule II.

"The book contains numerous overviews of the optimization literature, and each chapter has a comprehensive bibliography. The book will be of interest to both students who are interested in optimization and practitioners." (J. P. E. Hodgson, Computing Reviews, June, 2015)

• Introduction to Optimization.- Probability Collectives: A Distributed Optimization Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives: A Heuristic Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives with a Penalty Function Approach.- Constrained Probability Collectives With Feasibility-Based Rule I.- Probability Collectives for Discrete and Mixed Variable Problems.- Probability Collectives with Feasibility-Based Rule II.