Adil Denizli, Professor and Head of Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. His main research fields are molecular imprinting technologies, purification of biomolecules by chromatographic methods, detection of molecules by sensors, and production and application of polymers with different surface and bulk properties, shapes, and geometries. Professor Denizli is the author of more than 460 articles and numerous book chapters and holds two patents. He is a full member of the Turkish Academy of Sciences, and sits on the editorial boards of 25 journals.

• Preface xi1 Deciphering Plasmonic Modality to Address Challenges in Disease Diagnostics 1Esma Derin, Özgecan Erdem, and Fatih Inci1.1 Introduction 11.2 Surface Plasmon Polaritons 21.2.1 Excitation of the SPP 31.3 Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) 41.4 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LPSR) 51.5 Raman Spectroscopy and SERS 71.6 Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) 81.7 Fiber Cables Sensors 91.8 New Trends in Plasmonic Sensors for the Applications in Disease Diagnosis 111.8.1 Mobile Phone-Integrated Platforms 111.8.2 Smart Material Integration 121.8.3 Naked-Eye Detection 161.9 Outcomes and Conclusion 18References 192 Nanosensors Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance 23Deniz Umut Yildirim, Amir Ghobadi, and Ekmel Ozbay2.1 Historical and Theoretical Background 232.2 Fabrication of Metal Nanostructures 292.3 Improving Detection Limit of LSPR Sensors 312.4 Integration of LSPR with Other Molecular Identification Techniques 342.4.1 Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence 342.4.2 Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 372.4.3 Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectroscopy 392.5 Practical Issues 392.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects 43References 443 Highly Sensitive and Selective Plasmonic Sensing Platforms 55Yeşeren Saylan and Adil Denizli3.1 Introduction 553.2 What Is Highly Sensitive (Ultrasensitive)? 563.3 Plasmonic Sensing Platforms 563.4 Recent Applications 573.4.1 Medical Applications 573.4.2 Environmental Applications 613.5 Conclusion Remarks 67References 674 Plasmonic Sensors for Detection of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents 71Semra Akgönüllü, Yeşeren Saylan, Nilay Bereli, Deniz Türkmen, Handan Yavuz, and Adil Denizli4.1 Introduction 714.2 Sensors 724.2.1 Plasmonic-based Sensors 724.3 Biological Warfare Agents 724.3.1 Detection of Biological Warfare Agents 734.4 Chemical Warfare Agents 794.4.1 Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents 794.5 Conclusion and Future Perspective 81References 825 A Plasmonic Sensing Platform Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Medical Applications 87Neslihan Idil, Monireh Bakhshpour, Sevgi Aslıyüce, Adil Denizli, and Bo Mattiasson5.1 Introduction 875.2 Molecular Imprinting Technology 885.3 Plasmonic Sensing 895.4 Medical Applications 915.4.1 Drug Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 915.4.2 Hormone Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 945.4.3 Microorganism and Virus Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 955.4.4 Antibody Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 965.4.5 Nucleic Acid Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 975.4.6 Biomarker Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 975.5 Conclusion 97References 1006 Magnetoplasmonic Nanosensors 103Recep Üzek, Esma Sari, and Arben Merkoçi6.1 Introduction 1036.2 Synthesis 1046.2.1 Core–Shell or Core–Satellite 1056.2.2 Heterodimers 1076.2.3 Multicomponent Doped Hybrids 1086.3 Biosensing Applications 1096.3.1 Protein 1096.3.2 Pathogens 1116.3.3 DNA 1126.4 Conclusion 113Acknowledgments 114References 1147 Plasmonic Sensors for Vitamin Detection 121Duygu Çimen and Nilay Bereli7.1 Introduction 1217.1.1 Vitamins 1217.2 Plasmonic Sensors 1227.2.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1237.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1247.2.3 Colorimetric Sensors 1257.3 Vitamin Applications of Plasmonic Sensors 1257.4 Conclusions and Prospects 133References 1338 Proteomic Applications of Plasmonic Sensors 137Duygu Çimen, Merve Asena Özbek, Nilay Bereli, and Adil Denizli8.1 Introduction 1378.2 Plasmonic Sensors 1398.2.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1408.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance 1408.2.3 Colorimetric Sensors 1428.3 Proteome Applications with Plasmonic Sensors 1428.3.1 Food Applications 1428.3.2 Biomedical Applications 1458.3.3 Agricultural Applications 1518.3.4 Oncology Applications 1528.4 Conclusions and Prospects 154References 1549 Cancer Cell Recognition via Sensors System 157Monireh Bakhshpour, Melek Özsevgiç, Ayşe Kevser Pişkin, and Adil Denizli9.1 Introduction 1579.2 Sensors Systems in Cancer Cell Detection 1589.3 Cancer Cells 1589.3.1 Prostate Cancer 1599.3.2 Liver Cancer 1609.3.3 Breast Cancer 1609.3.4 Lung Cancer 1649.3.5 Ovarian Cancer 1649.3.6 Other Cells 1659.4 Conclusion 168References 16810 Ultrasensitive Sensors Based on Plasmonic Nanoparticles 171Ilgım Göktürk, Fatma Denizli, Erdoğan Özgür, and Fatma Yılmaz10.1 Introduction 17110.2 SPR and LSPR 17310.3 SERS 17610.4 Colorimetric Sensing 17810.5 Luminescence Applications 17910.6 Conclusion 180References 18111 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensors for Chemical/Biological Sensing 189Huma Shaikh, Zaib un Nisa Mughal, Saeed Memon, and Shahabuddin Memon11.1 Introduction 18911.2 Direct Method 19211.3 Indirect Method 19311.4 SERS-based Chemical Sensors (Chemosensors) 19311.5 Absolute Intensity-based Method 19511.6 Wavenumber Shift-based Method 19511.7 Ratiometric Method 19611.8 SERS-based Biological Sensors (Biosensors) 19711.9 Conclusion 202References 20212 Carbon Nanomaterials as Plasmonic Sensors in Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications 209Tahira Qureshi, Kemal Ҫetin, and Adil Denizli12.1 Introduction 20912.1.1 Graphene 21012.1.2 Carbon Nanotubes 21012.2 Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials as Plasmonic Sensors 21112.2.1 Graphene-based Plasmonic Sensors 21112.2.2 Carbon Nanotube-based Plasmonic Sensors 21412.3 Final Statement and Further Outlook 215References 21713 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 221Cem Esen and Sergey A. Piletsky13.1 Introduction 22113.1.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance 22113.1.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 22213.2 MIP Based SPR Sensors 22213.2.1 MIP Film Based SPR Sensors 22313.2.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Based SPR Sensors 22513.3 Conclusions and Future Prospects 229References 230Index 237

Adil Denizli, Professor and Head of Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. His main research fields are molecular imprinting technologies, purification of biomolecules by chromatographic methods, detection of molecules by sensors, and production and application of polymers with different surface and bulk properties, shapes, and geometries. Professor Denizli is the author of more than 460 articles and numerous book chapters and holds two patents. He is a full member of the Turkish Academy of Sciences, and sits on the editorial boards of 25 journals.

• Preface xi1 Deciphering Plasmonic Modality to Address Challenges in Disease Diagnostics 1Esma Derin, Özgecan Erdem, and Fatih Inci1.1 Introduction 11.2 Surface Plasmon Polaritons 21.2.1 Excitation of the SPP 31.3 Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) 41.4 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LPSR) 51.5 Raman Spectroscopy and SERS 71.6 Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) 81.7 Fiber Cables Sensors 91.8 New Trends in Plasmonic Sensors for the Applications in Disease Diagnosis 111.8.1 Mobile Phone-Integrated Platforms 111.8.2 Smart Material Integration 121.8.3 Naked-Eye Detection 161.9 Outcomes and Conclusion 18References 192 Nanosensors Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance 23Deniz Umut Yildirim, Amir Ghobadi, and Ekmel Ozbay2.1 Historical and Theoretical Background 232.2 Fabrication of Metal Nanostructures 292.3 Improving Detection Limit of LSPR Sensors 312.4 Integration of LSPR with Other Molecular Identification Techniques 342.4.1 Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence 342.4.2 Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 372.4.3 Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectroscopy 392.5 Practical Issues 392.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects 43References 443 Highly Sensitive and Selective Plasmonic Sensing Platforms 55Yeşeren Saylan and Adil Denizli3.1 Introduction 553.2 What Is Highly Sensitive (Ultrasensitive)? 563.3 Plasmonic Sensing Platforms 563.4 Recent Applications 573.4.1 Medical Applications 573.4.2 Environmental Applications 613.5 Conclusion Remarks 67References 674 Plasmonic Sensors for Detection of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents 71Semra Akgönüllü, Yeşeren Saylan, Nilay Bereli, Deniz Türkmen, Handan Yavuz, and Adil Denizli4.1 Introduction 714.2 Sensors 724.2.1 Plasmonic-based Sensors 724.3 Biological Warfare Agents 724.3.1 Detection of Biological Warfare Agents 734.4 Chemical Warfare Agents 794.4.1 Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents 794.5 Conclusion and Future Perspective 81References 825 A Plasmonic Sensing Platform Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Medical Applications 87Neslihan Idil, Monireh Bakhshpour, Sevgi Aslıyüce, Adil Denizli, and Bo Mattiasson5.1 Introduction 875.2 Molecular Imprinting Technology 885.3 Plasmonic Sensing 895.4 Medical Applications 915.4.1 Drug Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 915.4.2 Hormone Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 945.4.3 Microorganism and Virus Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 955.4.4 Antibody Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 965.4.5 Nucleic Acid Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 975.4.6 Biomarker Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 975.5 Conclusion 97References 1006 Magnetoplasmonic Nanosensors 103Recep Üzek, Esma Sari, and Arben Merkoçi6.1 Introduction 1036.2 Synthesis 1046.2.1 Core–Shell or Core–Satellite 1056.2.2 Heterodimers 1076.2.3 Multicomponent Doped Hybrids 1086.3 Biosensing Applications 1096.3.1 Protein 1096.3.2 Pathogens 1116.3.3 DNA 1126.4 Conclusion 113Acknowledgments 114References 1147 Plasmonic Sensors for Vitamin Detection 121Duygu Çimen and Nilay Bereli7.1 Introduction 1217.1.1 Vitamins 1217.2 Plasmonic Sensors 1227.2.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1237.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1247.2.3 Colorimetric Sensors 1257.3 Vitamin Applications of Plasmonic Sensors 1257.4 Conclusions and Prospects 133References 1338 Proteomic Applications of Plasmonic Sensors 137Duygu Çimen, Merve Asena Özbek, Nilay Bereli, and Adil Denizli8.1 Introduction 1378.2 Plasmonic Sensors 1398.2.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1408.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance 1408.2.3 Colorimetric Sensors 1428.3 Proteome Applications with Plasmonic Sensors 1428.3.1 Food Applications 1428.3.2 Biomedical Applications 1458.3.3 Agricultural Applications 1518.3.4 Oncology Applications 1528.4 Conclusions and Prospects 154References 1549 Cancer Cell Recognition via Sensors System 157Monireh Bakhshpour, Melek Özsevgiç, Ayşe Kevser Pişkin, and Adil Denizli9.1 Introduction 1579.2 Sensors Systems in Cancer Cell Detection 1589.3 Cancer Cells 1589.3.1 Prostate Cancer 1599.3.2 Liver Cancer 1609.3.3 Breast Cancer 1609.3.4 Lung Cancer 1649.3.5 Ovarian Cancer 1649.3.6 Other Cells 1659.4 Conclusion 168References 16810 Ultrasensitive Sensors Based on Plasmonic Nanoparticles 171Ilgım Göktürk, Fatma Denizli, Erdoğan Özgür, and Fatma Yılmaz10.1 Introduction 17110.2 SPR and LSPR 17310.3 SERS 17610.4 Colorimetric Sensing 17810.5 Luminescence Applications 17910.6 Conclusion 180References 18111 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensors for Chemical/Biological Sensing 189Huma Shaikh, Zaib un Nisa Mughal, Saeed Memon, and Shahabuddin Memon11.1 Introduction 18911.2 Direct Method 19211.3 Indirect Method 19311.4 SERS-based Chemical Sensors (Chemosensors) 19311.5 Absolute Intensity-based Method 19511.6 Wavenumber Shift-based Method 19511.7 Ratiometric Method 19611.8 SERS-based Biological Sensors (Biosensors) 19711.9 Conclusion 202References 20212 Carbon Nanomaterials as Plasmonic Sensors in Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications 209Tahira Qureshi, Kemal Ҫetin, and Adil Denizli12.1 Introduction 20912.1.1 Graphene 21012.1.2 Carbon Nanotubes 21012.2 Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials as Plasmonic Sensors 21112.2.1 Graphene-based Plasmonic Sensors 21112.2.2 Carbon Nanotube-based Plasmonic Sensors 21412.3 Final Statement and Further Outlook 215References 21713 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 221Cem Esen and Sergey A. Piletsky13.1 Introduction 22113.1.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance 22113.1.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 22213.2 MIP Based SPR Sensors 22213.2.1 MIP Film Based SPR Sensors 22313.2.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Based SPR Sensors 22513.3 Conclusions and Future Prospects 229References 230Index 237

Adil Denizli, Professor and Head of Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. His main research fields are molecular imprinting technologies, purification of biomolecules by chromatographic methods, detection of molecules by sensors, and production and application of polymers with different surface and bulk properties, shapes, and geometries. Professor Denizli is the author of more than 460 articles and numerous book chapters and holds two patents. He is a full member of the Turkish Academy of Sciences, and sits on the editorial boards of 25 journals.

• Preface xi1 Deciphering Plasmonic Modality to Address Challenges in Disease Diagnostics 1Esma Derin, Özgecan Erdem, and Fatih Inci1.1 Introduction 11.2 Surface Plasmon Polaritons 21.2.1 Excitation of the SPP 31.3 Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) 41.4 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LPSR) 51.5 Raman Spectroscopy and SERS 71.6 Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) 81.7 Fiber Cables Sensors 91.8 New Trends in Plasmonic Sensors for the Applications in Disease Diagnosis 111.8.1 Mobile Phone-Integrated Platforms 111.8.2 Smart Material Integration 121.8.3 Naked-Eye Detection 161.9 Outcomes and Conclusion 18References 192 Nanosensors Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance 23Deniz Umut Yildirim, Amir Ghobadi, and Ekmel Ozbay2.1 Historical and Theoretical Background 232.2 Fabrication of Metal Nanostructures 292.3 Improving Detection Limit of LSPR Sensors 312.4 Integration of LSPR with Other Molecular Identification Techniques 342.4.1 Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence 342.4.2 Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy 372.4.3 Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectroscopy 392.5 Practical Issues 392.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects 43References 443 Highly Sensitive and Selective Plasmonic Sensing Platforms 55Yeşeren Saylan and Adil Denizli3.1 Introduction 553.2 What Is Highly Sensitive (Ultrasensitive)? 563.3 Plasmonic Sensing Platforms 563.4 Recent Applications 573.4.1 Medical Applications 573.4.2 Environmental Applications 613.5 Conclusion Remarks 67References 674 Plasmonic Sensors for Detection of Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents 71Semra Akgönüllü, Yeşeren Saylan, Nilay Bereli, Deniz Türkmen, Handan Yavuz, and Adil Denizli4.1 Introduction 714.2 Sensors 724.2.1 Plasmonic-based Sensors 724.3 Biological Warfare Agents 724.3.1 Detection of Biological Warfare Agents 734.4 Chemical Warfare Agents 794.4.1 Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents 794.5 Conclusion and Future Perspective 81References 825 A Plasmonic Sensing Platform Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Medical Applications 87Neslihan Idil, Monireh Bakhshpour, Sevgi Aslıyüce, Adil Denizli, and Bo Mattiasson5.1 Introduction 875.2 Molecular Imprinting Technology 885.3 Plasmonic Sensing 895.4 Medical Applications 915.4.1 Drug Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 915.4.2 Hormone Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 945.4.3 Microorganism and Virus Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 955.4.4 Antibody Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 965.4.5 Nucleic Acid Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 975.4.6 Biomarker Detection Via MIP-based SPR Sensor 975.5 Conclusion 97References 1006 Magnetoplasmonic Nanosensors 103Recep Üzek, Esma Sari, and Arben Merkoçi6.1 Introduction 1036.2 Synthesis 1046.2.1 Core–Shell or Core–Satellite 1056.2.2 Heterodimers 1076.2.3 Multicomponent Doped Hybrids 1086.3 Biosensing Applications 1096.3.1 Protein 1096.3.2 Pathogens 1116.3.3 DNA 1126.4 Conclusion 113Acknowledgments 114References 1147 Plasmonic Sensors for Vitamin Detection 121Duygu Çimen and Nilay Bereli7.1 Introduction 1217.1.1 Vitamins 1217.2 Plasmonic Sensors 1227.2.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1237.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1247.2.3 Colorimetric Sensors 1257.3 Vitamin Applications of Plasmonic Sensors 1257.4 Conclusions and Prospects 133References 1338 Proteomic Applications of Plasmonic Sensors 137Duygu Çimen, Merve Asena Özbek, Nilay Bereli, and Adil Denizli8.1 Introduction 1378.2 Plasmonic Sensors 1398.2.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors 1408.2.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance 1408.2.3 Colorimetric Sensors 1428.3 Proteome Applications with Plasmonic Sensors 1428.3.1 Food Applications 1428.3.2 Biomedical Applications 1458.3.3 Agricultural Applications 1518.3.4 Oncology Applications 1528.4 Conclusions and Prospects 154References 1549 Cancer Cell Recognition via Sensors System 157Monireh Bakhshpour, Melek Özsevgiç, Ayşe Kevser Pişkin, and Adil Denizli9.1 Introduction 1579.2 Sensors Systems in Cancer Cell Detection 1589.3 Cancer Cells 1589.3.1 Prostate Cancer 1599.3.2 Liver Cancer 1609.3.3 Breast Cancer 1609.3.4 Lung Cancer 1649.3.5 Ovarian Cancer 1649.3.6 Other Cells 1659.4 Conclusion 168References 16810 Ultrasensitive Sensors Based on Plasmonic Nanoparticles 171Ilgım Göktürk, Fatma Denizli, Erdoğan Özgür, and Fatma Yılmaz10.1 Introduction 17110.2 SPR and LSPR 17310.3 SERS 17610.4 Colorimetric Sensing 17810.5 Luminescence Applications 17910.6 Conclusion 180References 18111 Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensors for Chemical/Biological Sensing 189Huma Shaikh, Zaib un Nisa Mughal, Saeed Memon, and Shahabuddin Memon11.1 Introduction 18911.2 Direct Method 19211.3 Indirect Method 19311.4 SERS-based Chemical Sensors (Chemosensors) 19311.5 Absolute Intensity-based Method 19511.6 Wavenumber Shift-based Method 19511.7 Ratiometric Method 19611.8 SERS-based Biological Sensors (Biosensors) 19711.9 Conclusion 202References 20212 Carbon Nanomaterials as Plasmonic Sensors in Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications 209Tahira Qureshi, Kemal Ҫetin, and Adil Denizli12.1 Introduction 20912.1.1 Graphene 21012.1.2 Carbon Nanotubes 21012.2 Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials as Plasmonic Sensors 21112.2.1 Graphene-based Plasmonic Sensors 21112.2.2 Carbon Nanotube-based Plasmonic Sensors 21412.3 Final Statement and Further Outlook 215References 21713 Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 221Cem Esen and Sergey A. Piletsky13.1 Introduction 22113.1.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance 22113.1.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymers 22213.2 MIP Based SPR Sensors 22213.2.1 MIP Film Based SPR Sensors 22313.2.2 Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles Based SPR Sensors 22513.3 Conclusions and Future Prospects 229References 230Index 237