Abdollah Hajalilou, PhD, is a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. His research is focused on the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles for various applications, including, but not limited to, biomedical science, bioelectronic, and energy storage devices. Mahmoud Tavakoli, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. He is also Director of the Soft & Printed Materials Laboratory. Elahe Parvini, PhD, is a researcher who focuses on thermodynamic and computational features of nanostructured materials, e.g., magnetic nanoparticles, which are applicable in various areas such as medical science, energy storage, flexible electronics, etc. in collaboration with different groups at the University of Tabriz, Iran, from which she also received her PhD in Physical Chemistry.

• 1 Introduction to Magnetic Materials1.1 Theory and Fundamentals of Magnetization1.2 Types of Magnetism1.3 Extrinsic and Intrinsic Characteristics of Magnetic Materials 2 Types and Characteristics of Magnetic Materials2.1 Introduction2.2 Soft and Hard Magnetic Materials2.3 Hysteresis Loop 2.4 Magnetic Characteristic Measurements2.5 Magnetic Losses 3 Insights into the Synthesis of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials3.1 Introduction3.2 The Synthesis Process of Magnetic Nanoparticles3.3 The Importance of the Synthesis and/or Preparation Methods3.4 Dependency of Particle Size and Shape on the Synthesis Route3.5 Questions Related to the Selected Synthesis Route3.6 Dependency of Magnetic Behaviors on Particle/Grain Size 3.7 Dependency of Magnetic Behaviors on Particle/Grain Shape 3.8 Introduction to Wet-Chemical Synthesis Route3.9 Introduction to Solid-state Routes to Synthesize Magnetic Nanoparticles3.10 Some Methods for Extraction of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Industrial Wastes 4 Surface Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles 4.1 Introduction4.2 Employed Technical Resources for Surface Modification4.3 Surface Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Surfactant4.4 Current Trends for Surface Modification of Nanomaterials4.5 Summary 5 Insight into a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) 5.1 Introduction to SQUID5.2 Superconducting Materials Used in SQUID5.3 What is the Basic Principle in SQUID VSM Magnetometer?5.4 Superconductivity5.5 Josephson Tunneling (JT) Phenomenon5.6 Utilizations and Applications of SQUID5.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of SQUID Compared to other Techniques in Characterization of Magnetic Nanomaterials 6 The principle of SQUID Magnetometry and its Contribution in MNPs Evaluation 6.1 Introduction6.2 The Correct Procedure to Perform the Zero Field Cooling (ZFC) and Field Cooling (FC) Magnetic Study6.3 The Concept of Merging Zero Field Cooled (ZFC) and Field Cooled (FC) Curve Completely with Each Other6.4 Types of Information Obtained from the ZFC and FC Curves 6.5 SQUID Magnetometry: Magnetic Measurements 7 Type of Interactions in Magnetic Nanoparticles7.1 Introduction7.2 Magnetic Dipole-Dipole Interaction between Magnetic Nanoparticles7.3 Exchange Interaction7.4 Dipolar Interactions 7.5 Spin-orbit Interaction 8 Insight into Susceptibility Measurements in Nanostructured Magnetic Materials8.1 Introduction 8.2 Information Obtained from Susceptibility Measurements8.3 Insight into interaction between magnetic nanoparticles and used models8.4 AC Susceptibility Measurement Evaluation 9 Induced Effects in Nanostructured Magnetic Materials9.1 Introduction9.2 The Spin-Canted Effect9.3 Spin-glass-like Behavior in Magnetic Nanoparticles9.4 Reentrant Spin Glass (RSG) Behavior in Magnetic Nanoparticles 9.5 Finite Size Effects on Magnetic Properties9.6 Surface Effect in Nanosized Particles9.7 Memory Effect 10 Insight into Superparamagnetism in Magnetic Nanoparticles10.1 Introduction10.2 Superparamagnetism10.3 SPM Description Based on Magnetization Hysteresis Loop (M-H or B-H)10.4 SPM detection based on ZFC and FC magnetization curves 11 Mössbauer Spectroscopy11.1 Introduction to Mössbauer Spectroscopy 11.2 Observed Effects in Mössbauer11.3 Hyperfine Interactions11.4 Mössbauer Spectroscopy Applied to Magnetism 12 Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles12.1 Introduction12.2 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Engineering Fields12.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Energy12.4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Medical Sciences12.5 Other General Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles

Abdollah Hajalilou, PhD, is a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. His research is focused on the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles for various applications, including, but not limited to, biomedical science, bioelectronic, and energy storage devices. Mahmoud Tavakoli, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. He is also Director of the Soft & Printed Materials Laboratory. Elahe Parvini, PhD, is a researcher who focuses on thermodynamic and computational features of nanostructured materials, e.g., magnetic nanoparticles, which are applicable in various areas such as medical science, energy storage, flexible electronics, etc. in collaboration with different groups at the University of Tabriz, Iran, from which she also received her PhD in Physical Chemistry.

• 1 Introduction to Magnetic Materials1.1 Theory and Fundamentals of Magnetization1.2 Types of Magnetism1.3 Extrinsic and Intrinsic Characteristics of Magnetic Materials 2 Types and Characteristics of Magnetic Materials2.1 Introduction2.2 Soft and Hard Magnetic Materials2.3 Hysteresis Loop 2.4 Magnetic Characteristic Measurements2.5 Magnetic Losses 3 Insights into the Synthesis of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials3.1 Introduction3.2 The Synthesis Process of Magnetic Nanoparticles3.3 The Importance of the Synthesis and/or Preparation Methods3.4 Dependency of Particle Size and Shape on the Synthesis Route3.5 Questions Related to the Selected Synthesis Route3.6 Dependency of Magnetic Behaviors on Particle/Grain Size 3.7 Dependency of Magnetic Behaviors on Particle/Grain Shape 3.8 Introduction to Wet-Chemical Synthesis Route3.9 Introduction to Solid-state Routes to Synthesize Magnetic Nanoparticles3.10 Some Methods for Extraction of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Industrial Wastes 4 Surface Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles 4.1 Introduction4.2 Employed Technical Resources for Surface Modification4.3 Surface Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Surfactant4.4 Current Trends for Surface Modification of Nanomaterials4.5 Summary 5 Insight into a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) 5.1 Introduction to SQUID5.2 Superconducting Materials Used in SQUID5.3 What is the Basic Principle in SQUID VSM Magnetometer?5.4 Superconductivity5.5 Josephson Tunneling (JT) Phenomenon5.6 Utilizations and Applications of SQUID5.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of SQUID Compared to other Techniques in Characterization of Magnetic Nanomaterials 6 The principle of SQUID Magnetometry and its Contribution in MNPs Evaluation 6.1 Introduction6.2 The Correct Procedure to Perform the Zero Field Cooling (ZFC) and Field Cooling (FC) Magnetic Study6.3 The Concept of Merging Zero Field Cooled (ZFC) and Field Cooled (FC) Curve Completely with Each Other6.4 Types of Information Obtained from the ZFC and FC Curves 6.5 SQUID Magnetometry: Magnetic Measurements 7 Type of Interactions in Magnetic Nanoparticles7.1 Introduction7.2 Magnetic Dipole-Dipole Interaction between Magnetic Nanoparticles7.3 Exchange Interaction7.4 Dipolar Interactions 7.5 Spin-orbit Interaction 8 Insight into Susceptibility Measurements in Nanostructured Magnetic Materials8.1 Introduction 8.2 Information Obtained from Susceptibility Measurements8.3 Insight into interaction between magnetic nanoparticles and used models8.4 AC Susceptibility Measurement Evaluation 9 Induced Effects in Nanostructured Magnetic Materials9.1 Introduction9.2 The Spin-Canted Effect9.3 Spin-glass-like Behavior in Magnetic Nanoparticles9.4 Reentrant Spin Glass (RSG) Behavior in Magnetic Nanoparticles 9.5 Finite Size Effects on Magnetic Properties9.6 Surface Effect in Nanosized Particles9.7 Memory Effect 10 Insight into Superparamagnetism in Magnetic Nanoparticles10.1 Introduction10.2 Superparamagnetism10.3 SPM Description Based on Magnetization Hysteresis Loop (M-H or B-H)10.4 SPM detection based on ZFC and FC magnetization curves 11 Mössbauer Spectroscopy11.1 Introduction to Mössbauer Spectroscopy 11.2 Observed Effects in Mössbauer11.3 Hyperfine Interactions11.4 Mössbauer Spectroscopy Applied to Magnetism 12 Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles12.1 Introduction12.2 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Engineering Fields12.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Energy12.4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Medical Sciences12.5 Other General Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles

Abdollah Hajalilou, PhD, is a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. His research is focused on the synthesis and characterization of magnetic nanoparticles for various applications, including, but not limited to, biomedical science, bioelectronic, and energy storage devices. Mahmoud Tavakoli, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. He is also Director of the Soft & Printed Materials Laboratory. Elahe Parvini, PhD, is a researcher who focuses on thermodynamic and computational features of nanostructured materials, e.g., magnetic nanoparticles, which are applicable in various areas such as medical science, energy storage, flexible electronics, etc. in collaboration with different groups at the University of Tabriz, Iran, from which she also received her PhD in Physical Chemistry.

• 1 Introduction to Magnetic Materials1.1 Theory and Fundamentals of Magnetization1.2 Types of Magnetism1.3 Extrinsic and Intrinsic Characteristics of Magnetic Materials 2 Types and Characteristics of Magnetic Materials2.1 Introduction2.2 Soft and Hard Magnetic Materials2.3 Hysteresis Loop 2.4 Magnetic Characteristic Measurements2.5 Magnetic Losses 3 Insights into the Synthesis of Nanostructured Magnetic Materials3.1 Introduction3.2 The Synthesis Process of Magnetic Nanoparticles3.3 The Importance of the Synthesis and/or Preparation Methods3.4 Dependency of Particle Size and Shape on the Synthesis Route3.5 Questions Related to the Selected Synthesis Route3.6 Dependency of Magnetic Behaviors on Particle/Grain Size 3.7 Dependency of Magnetic Behaviors on Particle/Grain Shape 3.8 Introduction to Wet-Chemical Synthesis Route3.9 Introduction to Solid-state Routes to Synthesize Magnetic Nanoparticles3.10 Some Methods for Extraction of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Industrial Wastes 4 Surface Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles 4.1 Introduction4.2 Employed Technical Resources for Surface Modification4.3 Surface Modification of Magnetic Nanoparticles with Surfactant4.4 Current Trends for Surface Modification of Nanomaterials4.5 Summary 5 Insight into a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) 5.1 Introduction to SQUID5.2 Superconducting Materials Used in SQUID5.3 What is the Basic Principle in SQUID VSM Magnetometer?5.4 Superconductivity5.5 Josephson Tunneling (JT) Phenomenon5.6 Utilizations and Applications of SQUID5.7 Advantages and Disadvantages of SQUID Compared to other Techniques in Characterization of Magnetic Nanomaterials 6 The principle of SQUID Magnetometry and its Contribution in MNPs Evaluation 6.1 Introduction6.2 The Correct Procedure to Perform the Zero Field Cooling (ZFC) and Field Cooling (FC) Magnetic Study6.3 The Concept of Merging Zero Field Cooled (ZFC) and Field Cooled (FC) Curve Completely with Each Other6.4 Types of Information Obtained from the ZFC and FC Curves 6.5 SQUID Magnetometry: Magnetic Measurements 7 Type of Interactions in Magnetic Nanoparticles7.1 Introduction7.2 Magnetic Dipole-Dipole Interaction between Magnetic Nanoparticles7.3 Exchange Interaction7.4 Dipolar Interactions 7.5 Spin-orbit Interaction 8 Insight into Susceptibility Measurements in Nanostructured Magnetic Materials8.1 Introduction 8.2 Information Obtained from Susceptibility Measurements8.3 Insight into interaction between magnetic nanoparticles and used models8.4 AC Susceptibility Measurement Evaluation 9 Induced Effects in Nanostructured Magnetic Materials9.1 Introduction9.2 The Spin-Canted Effect9.3 Spin-glass-like Behavior in Magnetic Nanoparticles9.4 Reentrant Spin Glass (RSG) Behavior in Magnetic Nanoparticles 9.5 Finite Size Effects on Magnetic Properties9.6 Surface Effect in Nanosized Particles9.7 Memory Effect 10 Insight into Superparamagnetism in Magnetic Nanoparticles10.1 Introduction10.2 Superparamagnetism10.3 SPM Description Based on Magnetization Hysteresis Loop (M-H or B-H)10.4 SPM detection based on ZFC and FC magnetization curves 11 Mössbauer Spectroscopy11.1 Introduction to Mössbauer Spectroscopy 11.2 Observed Effects in Mössbauer11.3 Hyperfine Interactions11.4 Mössbauer Spectroscopy Applied to Magnetism 12 Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles12.1 Introduction12.2 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Engineering Fields12.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Energy12.4 Magnetic Nanoparticles Application in Medical Sciences12.5 Other General Applications of Magnetic Nanoparticles