This volume collects 22 papers presented at the 4th International Symposium of the ICA Commission on the History of Cartography, held at Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary, on 28-29 June 2012. The overall conference theme is ''Exploration - Discovery - Cartography'', but preference has been given to papers dealing with cartography in the 19th and 20th centuries.  The papers are classified according to regional sub-themes, i.e. papers on the Americas, papers on Africa, etc.

This volume collects 22 papers presented at the 4th International Symposium of the ICA Commission on the History of Cartography, held at Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary, on 28-29 June 2012. The overall conference theme is ''Exploration - Discovery - Cartography'', but preference has been given to papers dealing with cartography in the 19th and 20th centuries.  The papers are classified according to regional sub-themes, i.e. papers on the Americas, papers on Africa, etc.