Presented here are recent achievements in molecular biology of non-pathogenic yeast and filamenous fungi as well as of human pathogens. Thebook is diveded into 4 sections: - Molecular Biology of Yeast; - Molecular Biology of Filamenous Fungi; - New Tools and Prospectives for Medical Mycology; - Fungal Morphogenesis. It focuses on aspects of medical mycology, namely isolation of specific genes and strategies for developing new targets for antifungal therapy.