Scanning the Hypnoglyph

Nathaniel Wallace, a comparatist by training (Ph.D., Rutgers), teaches English at South Carolina State University. He has published on varied topics, sleep included. He has held NEH and Camargo fellowships and lectured in Norway (University of Bergen) on a Fulbright.

"Wallace offers a fascinating exploration of how humans have sought to represent that most elusive cousin of thanatos, sleep itself. While setting his parameters within the modernist and post-modernist eras, W. engages with a wide-ranging swath of discourses (from Platonic philosophy to 17th century French painting to contemporary cognitive science), all of which have addressed the challenges of speaking the unsayable nature of dormancy. The author identifies sleep’s critical function as resistant to narrative processes, as humans alternatingly cede to and resist psychic maturation. In the process, if somewhat paradoxically, his investigation reveals much about how we tell stories of the self (the diarist’s impulse), or seek to escape the grasp of those stories.Taken discretely, Wallace’s analyses of verbal and visual representations of sleep initiate the reader into various interpretive strategies that allow us to better contemplate sleeping subjects (though our full comprehension of those subjects may remain just out of reach). Particularly impressive is Wallace’s understanding of Baudelaire’s sonnets as heralding a modernist approach to sleep, one that reflects upon the precarious realities of urban sprawl. Cumulatively, Wallace’s readings chart conflicted but entangled attitudes toward sleep that, on the one hand, uphold its salubrious restorative potential and, on the other, condemn its allure as an escape from industry and cognition. A well developed and erudite approach to sleep that is anything but soporific, Wallace’s book should prove a critical conversant in the ever evolving debates that surround discourses of sleep as well as its antithesis, the vigilant Argos that is twenty-first century surveillance." - Hunter H. Gardner, University of South Carolina"Scanning the Hypnoglyph is a trove of fascinating and surprising references. Wallace's deciphering of sleep gives elegant and extensive voice to the unsayable, thereby enriching our imagination and understanding of how subjectivity can become shaped and reshaped through sleep. This is a must read for comparatists, not simply for its content but also for its methodologies."- Wenying Xu, Jacksonville University, Florida, in The Comparatist, vol. 44, October 2020"Wallace casts his net wide, providing detailed analysis of writers from North America, France, and Japan and no less detailed scrutiny of the work of visual artists from North America, Germany, and France. The book is handsomely illustrated and Wallace reads visual texts as patiently and astutely as he reads literary ones. [...] It is difficult to imagine a reader interested in the history of sleep who would not learn something from every chapter of this book."- Michael Greaney, Lancaster University, in MLR, vol. 116, iss. 3, 2021

• List of IllustrationsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsI.Introduction: From Hypnos to the HypnoglyphFormatting the HypnoglyphSleep and Narrative ResistanceSleep and Cognitive StudyThe Dream, Textual ServantFighting Sleep:Persons & Baxter: The Case of the Christian DirectoryDescartes’s cogito & PascalBaudelairean BackgroundsSleep amid Mid-Nineteenth Century Migrations of Religious DiscourseII.A Life in the Day of a Hypnoglyph: Vertical Slumber and Other TypicalitiesElizabeth Bishop’s “Sleeping Standing Up”Robert Lowell’s “Man and Wife”Vincent Desiderio, The Sleeping Family, The Interpretation of ColorIII.The Size of Sleep, Sizing the SelfThomas Mann’s “Sleep, Sweet Sleep” (“Süßer Schlaf”)Richard Wilbur’s “Walking to Sleep”Anselm Kiefer’s The Rose Gives Honey to the Bees (Dat Rosa Mel Apibus)Fran Gardner’s No Need for Wings and Orienting the SelfDavid Yaghjian’s SleepIV.Latter Day Ariadnes: From Hypnoglyph to SomnoscriptMarguerite Duras’s The Malady of Death (La maladie de la mort)Anselm Kiefer’s Brunnhilde Sleeps (Brünnhilde Schläft) Yasunari Kawabata’s “House of the Sleeping Beauties”V.Alternate Endymions / Other AriadnesGustave Courbet’s Sleep (The Two Friends)The Plurisexual Marcel ProustThe Queer Schlaraffenland of Paul CadmusSignorelli’s Afterlife from Sigmund Freud to Jacques LacanAndy Warhol’s SleepMarguerite Duras’s Blue Eyes Black Hair (Les yeux bleus cheveux noirs)Mark Tansey’s UtopicVincent Desiderio’s CoupleVIConclusion: The Hypnoglyph and the Missing Closure of the PostmodernWorks CitedIndex