Jonathan Langdon, Ph.D. (McGill University), is Canada Research Chair in Sustainability and Social Change Leadership, and is Associate Professor in Adult Education and Development Studies at St. Francis Xavier University. He has published many articles and chapters on social movement learning, as well as edited Indigenous Knowledges, Development and Education (Sense Publishers, 2009).

• ForewordAnne HarleyList of IllustrationsChapter 1: IntroductionSocial Movement and Social Movement Learning StudiesSocial Movement Learning in Ghana – A Gathering of VoicesA History of Movements Defending Communal AccessMoving with the Ada MovementStructure of the BookChapter 2: African Social Movements and LearningSocial Movement Studies and Subaltern MovementsSocial Movement Learning and Critical Adult Education1st Wave: African Liberation MovementsFrom the 2nd Wave of Democratization to the 3rd Wave of Contemporary Ctruggles2nd Wave: African Democracy Movements3rd Wave: Protest Movements in Contemporary TimesMoving from Africa to AdaChapter 3: Ada Movement Knowledge Production, Questioning National DevelopmentNational Development and Neoliberalism as Topographies of PowerThe Adas, a Salt People from the StartAda Songor Focus of British Colonial Divide and Rule Tactics in AreaGhana Emerges from the Gold Coast Colony, but the Post Independence State Still Promotes the National over the LocalAdas Dispossessed, Fight back through Legal, Political and Physical MeansA New Dispossession on the Horizon Means New Tactics Are NeededResisting the National Development and Neoliberal NarrativeChapter 4: Stories and Restorying as Social Movement LearningLiteracy of StruggleChallenging How the Root Causes of Struggle are FramedThe Thumbless Hand, the Chameleon, and the DogChallenging Male Dominance through Rooted RestoryingThe Struggle of the Songor Salt People Book ProjectRestorying Struggle as LearningChapter 5: The Pedagogy of Creative Dissent: Using Creativity to Broaden and Deepen Social Movement LearningIntroductionCreative Dissent and PedagogyCreativity, Learning and Democratizing KnowledgeOverlapping Registers of “Spreading” Learning and CreativityChapter 6: ConclusionAfrican Subaltern Movements Thinking and Acting on Their FutureAfrican Subaltern Social Movements Producing PotentialCreativity and Non-Violent ActivismWhere the Movement Is Headed Now, or the Latest Area of LearningLearning in, through and to StruggleAppendix AReferencesIndex

Jonathan Langdon, Ph.D. (McGill University), is Canada Research Chair in Sustainability and Social Change Leadership, and is Associate Professor in Adult Education and Development Studies at St. Francis Xavier University. He has published many articles and chapters on social movement learning, as well as edited Indigenous Knowledges, Development and Education (Sense Publishers, 2009).

• ForewordAnne HarleyList of IllustrationsChapter 1: IntroductionSocial Movement and Social Movement Learning StudiesSocial Movement Learning in Ghana – A Gathering of VoicesA History of Movements Defending Communal AccessMoving with the Ada MovementStructure of the BookChapter 2: African Social Movements and LearningSocial Movement Studies and Subaltern MovementsSocial Movement Learning and Critical Adult Education1st Wave: African Liberation MovementsFrom the 2nd Wave of Democratization to the 3rd Wave of Contemporary Ctruggles2nd Wave: African Democracy Movements3rd Wave: Protest Movements in Contemporary TimesMoving from Africa to AdaChapter 3: Ada Movement Knowledge Production, Questioning National DevelopmentNational Development and Neoliberalism as Topographies of PowerThe Adas, a Salt People from the StartAda Songor Focus of British Colonial Divide and Rule Tactics in AreaGhana Emerges from the Gold Coast Colony, but the Post Independence State Still Promotes the National over the LocalAdas Dispossessed, Fight back through Legal, Political and Physical MeansA New Dispossession on the Horizon Means New Tactics Are NeededResisting the National Development and Neoliberal NarrativeChapter 4: Stories and Restorying as Social Movement LearningLiteracy of StruggleChallenging How the Root Causes of Struggle are FramedThe Thumbless Hand, the Chameleon, and the DogChallenging Male Dominance through Rooted RestoryingThe Struggle of the Songor Salt People Book ProjectRestorying Struggle as LearningChapter 5: The Pedagogy of Creative Dissent: Using Creativity to Broaden and Deepen Social Movement LearningIntroductionCreative Dissent and PedagogyCreativity, Learning and Democratizing KnowledgeOverlapping Registers of “Spreading” Learning and CreativityChapter 6: ConclusionAfrican Subaltern Movements Thinking and Acting on Their FutureAfrican Subaltern Social Movements Producing PotentialCreativity and Non-Violent ActivismWhere the Movement Is Headed Now, or the Latest Area of LearningLearning in, through and to StruggleAppendix AReferencesIndex

Jonathan Langdon, Ph.D. (McGill University), is Canada Research Chair in Sustainability and Social Change Leadership, and is Associate Professor in Adult Education and Development Studies at St. Francis Xavier University. He has published many articles and chapters on social movement learning, as well as edited Indigenous Knowledges, Development and Education (Sense Publishers, 2009).

• ForewordAnne HarleyList of IllustrationsChapter 1: IntroductionSocial Movement and Social Movement Learning StudiesSocial Movement Learning in Ghana – A Gathering of VoicesA History of Movements Defending Communal AccessMoving with the Ada MovementStructure of the BookChapter 2: African Social Movements and LearningSocial Movement Studies and Subaltern MovementsSocial Movement Learning and Critical Adult Education1st Wave: African Liberation MovementsFrom the 2nd Wave of Democratization to the 3rd Wave of Contemporary Ctruggles2nd Wave: African Democracy Movements3rd Wave: Protest Movements in Contemporary TimesMoving from Africa to AdaChapter 3: Ada Movement Knowledge Production, Questioning National DevelopmentNational Development and Neoliberalism as Topographies of PowerThe Adas, a Salt People from the StartAda Songor Focus of British Colonial Divide and Rule Tactics in AreaGhana Emerges from the Gold Coast Colony, but the Post Independence State Still Promotes the National over the LocalAdas Dispossessed, Fight back through Legal, Political and Physical MeansA New Dispossession on the Horizon Means New Tactics Are NeededResisting the National Development and Neoliberal NarrativeChapter 4: Stories and Restorying as Social Movement LearningLiteracy of StruggleChallenging How the Root Causes of Struggle are FramedThe Thumbless Hand, the Chameleon, and the DogChallenging Male Dominance through Rooted RestoryingThe Struggle of the Songor Salt People Book ProjectRestorying Struggle as LearningChapter 5: The Pedagogy of Creative Dissent: Using Creativity to Broaden and Deepen Social Movement LearningIntroductionCreative Dissent and PedagogyCreativity, Learning and Democratizing KnowledgeOverlapping Registers of “Spreading” Learning and CreativityChapter 6: ConclusionAfrican Subaltern Movements Thinking and Acting on Their FutureAfrican Subaltern Social Movements Producing PotentialCreativity and Non-Violent ActivismWhere the Movement Is Headed Now, or the Latest Area of LearningLearning in, through and to StruggleAppendix AReferencesIndex