Denis Gril (Ph.D. 1983, Habilitation 1993 Aix-en-Provence): Professor emeritus of Arabic and Islamic Studies, University of Aix-Marseille, IREMAM. His main areas of research are the work of Ibn al-ʿArabī, the history of Sufism and the scriptural foundations of spirituality in Islam. Stefan Reichmuth (Ph. D. 1983 Berlin, Habilitation 1992 Bayreuth): retired Professor, Arabic and Islamic Studies, Bochum University. Research on Islam and Arabic in Africa, Islamic Education, scholarly networks. Publications include: “Aspects of Prophetic Piety in the Early Modern Period” (2017).Dilek Sarmis (Ph.D. Paris 2016), EHESS (Paris), Associate Professor at the University of Strasbourg. Specialist in intellectual history and history of knowledge in the late Ottoman Empire and Republican Turkey, working on conservatisms and on the history of social sciences in Turkey.ContributorsHiba Abid, Nelly Amri, Caterina Bori, Francesco Chiabotti, Rachida Chih, Adrien de Jarmy, Daniel De Smet, Mohamed Thami El Harrak, Brigitte Foulon, Denis Gril, Christiane Gruber, Tobias Heinzelmann, David Jordan, Pierre Lory, Catherine Mayeur-Jaouen, Samuela Pagani, Alexandre Papas, Michele Petrone, Stefan Reichmuth, Meryem Sebti, Dilek Sarmis, Matthieu Terrier, Jean-Jacques Thibon, Marc Toutant, Ruggiero Vimercati Sanseverino.

" An added value in this monumental volume is the success at updating our sources and resources on the “Historical Muhammad”. It projects thetrajectory of Western scholarship from Max Horten (1916), Annemarie Schimmel (1981 &1985), H. Motzki ed, 2000, C. Fitzpatrick & A. H. Walker (2014) up to Stephen J. Shoemaker (2019), Les vies de Muhammad. By all account, this volume has opened up a new vista on an important field of inquiry but one which has hitherto been sidestepped or, at best, treated with gracious superficiality" - Amidu Olalekan Sanni, The Muslim World Book Review , 44:1, 2023.

• AcknowledgementsList of Figures and TablesNotes on ContributorsThe Presence of the Prophet: General IntroductionRachida Chih, David Jordan and Stefan ReichmuthThe Prophet between Doctrine, Literature and Arts: Introduction to Volume IDenis Gril, Stefan Reichmuth and Dilek Sarmispart 1: Images of the Prophet in Qurʾān, Ḥadīth, and Sīra/Maghāzī, and their Cultural Embedding1 The Prophet in the QurʾānAn Attempt at a SynthesisDenis Gril2 Dating the Emergence of the Warrior-Prophet in Maghāzī LiteratureSecond/Eighth to the Fourth/Tenth CenturyAdrien de Jarmy3 Ḥadīth Culture and Ibn Taymiyya’s Controversial Legacy in Early Fifteenth Century DamascusIbn Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Dimashqī and His al-Radd Al-Wāfir (d. 842/1438)Caterina Bori4 “There Is Matter for Thought”The Episode of the Night Journey and the Heavenly Ascension in the Sīra ḥalabiyya, at the Beginning of the Seventeenth CenturyCatherine Mayeur-Jaouenpart 2: Towards a Theology of Devotion to the Prophet in Sunnī Islam5 Theology of Veneration of the Prophet MuḥammadDoctrine and Love in the Shifāʾ of al-Qāḍī ʿIyāḍ (d. 544/1149)Ruggero Vimercati Sanseverino6 “Special Features of the Prophet” (Khaṣāʾiṣ nabawiyya)From Jurisprudence to DevotionMichele Petrone7 Modèle prophétique et modèle de sainteté dans le soufisme ancienQuelques exemplesPierre Lory8 L’éducation par « la lumière de la foi du Prophète » selon le shaykh ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Dabbāgh (m. 1332/1719)D’après le Kitāb al-Ibrīz de Aḥmad b. al-Mubārak (m. 1156/1743)Jean-Jacques Thibonpart 3: The Prophet in Shīʿī Doctrine and in Islamic Philosophy9 The Prophet Muḥammad in Imāmī ShīʿismBetween History and MetaphysicsMathieu Terrier10 The Prophet Muḥammad and His Heir ʿAlīTheir Historical, Metahistorical and Cosmological Roles in Ismāʿīlī ShīʿismDaniel De Smet11 La dimension éthique et politique de la révélation prophétique chez les falāsifaMeryem Sebtipart 4: The Splendour of Words: Exaltation of the Prophet in Islamic Literatures12 “I Have Mandated It to Fly to You on the Wings of My Ardent Desire”Letter to the Prophet Written by Lisān al-Dīn ibn al-Khaṭīb (d. 776/1375) on Behalf of the Naṣrid Ruler of GranadaNelly Amri13 Les poèmes d’éloge du Prophète de Lisān al-Dīn Ibn al-Khāṭīb (713-776/1313-1374 ou 75)Brigitte Foulon14 Présence du Prophète dans l’art du panégyrique (madīḥ) et de l’audition spirituelle (samāʿ)Approche thématiqueMohamed Thami El Harrak15 Timurid Accounts of Ascension (miʿrāj) in TürkīOne Prophet, Two ModelsMarc Toutant16 MiʿrāciyyeThe Ascension of the Prophet in Ottoman Literature from the Fifteenth to the Twentieth CenturyAlexandre Papaspart 5: The Prophet in the Mirror of the Verbal, Scriptural and Pictorial Imagery: Aesthetics and Devotion17 The Reality and Image of the Prophet according to the Theologian and Poet ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-NābulusīSamuela Pagani18 The Prophet as a Sacred Spring: Late Ottoman Hilye BottlesChristiane Gruber19 Visualising the Prophet – Rhetorical and Graphic Aspects of Three Ottoman-Turkish PoemsSüleymān Çelebi’s Vesīlet en-Necāt, Yazıcıoğlı’s Risāle-i Muḥammedīye, and Ḫāḳānī’s ḤilyeTobias Heinzelmann20 The World of al-Qandūsī (d. 1278/1861)Prophetology and Calligraphy in Morocco During the First Half of the Nineteenth CenturyFrancesco Chiabotti and Hiba AbidIndex

Denis Gril (Ph.D. 1983, Habilitation 1993 Aix-en-Provence): Professor emeritus of Arabic and Islamic Studies, University of Aix-Marseille, IREMAM. His main areas of research are the work of Ibn al-ʿArabī, the history of Sufism and the scriptural foundations of spirituality in Islam. Stefan Reichmuth (Ph. D. 1983 Berlin, Habilitation 1992 Bayreuth): retired Professor, Arabic and Islamic Studies, Bochum University. Research on Islam and Arabic in Africa, Islamic Education, scholarly networks. Publications include: “Aspects of Prophetic Piety in the Early Modern Period” (2017).Dilek Sarmis (Ph.D. Paris 2016), EHESS (Paris), Associate Professor at the University of Strasbourg. Specialist in intellectual history and history of knowledge in the late Ottoman Empire and Republican Turkey, working on conservatisms and on the history of social sciences in Turkey.ContributorsHiba Abid, Nelly Amri, Caterina Bori, Francesco Chiabotti, Rachida Chih, Adrien de Jarmy, Daniel De Smet, Mohamed Thami El Harrak, Brigitte Foulon, Denis Gril, Christiane Gruber, Tobias Heinzelmann, David Jordan, Pierre Lory, Catherine Mayeur-Jaouen, Samuela Pagani, Alexandre Papas, Michele Petrone, Stefan Reichmuth, Meryem Sebti, Dilek Sarmis, Matthieu Terrier, Jean-Jacques Thibon, Marc Toutant, Ruggiero Vimercati Sanseverino.

" An added value in this monumental volume is the success at updating our sources and resources on the “Historical Muhammad”. It projects thetrajectory of Western scholarship from Max Horten (1916), Annemarie Schimmel (1981 &1985), H. Motzki ed, 2000, C. Fitzpatrick & A. H. Walker (2014) up to Stephen J. Shoemaker (2019), Les vies de Muhammad. By all account, this volume has opened up a new vista on an important field of inquiry but one which has hitherto been sidestepped or, at best, treated with gracious superficiality" - Amidu Olalekan Sanni, The Muslim World Book Review , 44:1, 2023.

• AcknowledgementsList of Figures and TablesNotes on ContributorsThe Presence of the Prophet: General IntroductionRachida Chih, David Jordan and Stefan ReichmuthThe Prophet between Doctrine, Literature and Arts: Introduction to Volume IDenis Gril, Stefan Reichmuth and Dilek Sarmispart 1: Images of the Prophet in Qurʾān, Ḥadīth, and Sīra/Maghāzī, and their Cultural Embedding1 The Prophet in the QurʾānAn Attempt at a SynthesisDenis Gril2 Dating the Emergence of the Warrior-Prophet in Maghāzī LiteratureSecond/Eighth to the Fourth/Tenth CenturyAdrien de Jarmy3 Ḥadīth Culture and Ibn Taymiyya’s Controversial Legacy in Early Fifteenth Century DamascusIbn Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Dimashqī and His al-Radd Al-Wāfir (d. 842/1438)Caterina Bori4 “There Is Matter for Thought”The Episode of the Night Journey and the Heavenly Ascension in the Sīra ḥalabiyya, at the Beginning of the Seventeenth CenturyCatherine Mayeur-Jaouenpart 2: Towards a Theology of Devotion to the Prophet in Sunnī Islam5 Theology of Veneration of the Prophet MuḥammadDoctrine and Love in the Shifāʾ of al-Qāḍī ʿIyāḍ (d. 544/1149)Ruggero Vimercati Sanseverino6 “Special Features of the Prophet” (Khaṣāʾiṣ nabawiyya)From Jurisprudence to DevotionMichele Petrone7 Modèle prophétique et modèle de sainteté dans le soufisme ancienQuelques exemplesPierre Lory8 L’éducation par « la lumière de la foi du Prophète » selon le shaykh ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Dabbāgh (m. 1332/1719)D’après le Kitāb al-Ibrīz de Aḥmad b. al-Mubārak (m. 1156/1743)Jean-Jacques Thibonpart 3: The Prophet in Shīʿī Doctrine and in Islamic Philosophy9 The Prophet Muḥammad in Imāmī ShīʿismBetween History and MetaphysicsMathieu Terrier10 The Prophet Muḥammad and His Heir ʿAlīTheir Historical, Metahistorical and Cosmological Roles in Ismāʿīlī ShīʿismDaniel De Smet11 La dimension éthique et politique de la révélation prophétique chez les falāsifaMeryem Sebtipart 4: The Splendour of Words: Exaltation of the Prophet in Islamic Literatures12 “I Have Mandated It to Fly to You on the Wings of My Ardent Desire”Letter to the Prophet Written by Lisān al-Dīn ibn al-Khaṭīb (d. 776/1375) on Behalf of the Naṣrid Ruler of GranadaNelly Amri13 Les poèmes d’éloge du Prophète de Lisān al-Dīn Ibn al-Khāṭīb (713-776/1313-1374 ou 75)Brigitte Foulon14 Présence du Prophète dans l’art du panégyrique (madīḥ) et de l’audition spirituelle (samāʿ)Approche thématiqueMohamed Thami El Harrak15 Timurid Accounts of Ascension (miʿrāj) in TürkīOne Prophet, Two ModelsMarc Toutant16 MiʿrāciyyeThe Ascension of the Prophet in Ottoman Literature from the Fifteenth to the Twentieth CenturyAlexandre Papaspart 5: The Prophet in the Mirror of the Verbal, Scriptural and Pictorial Imagery: Aesthetics and Devotion17 The Reality and Image of the Prophet according to the Theologian and Poet ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-NābulusīSamuela Pagani18 The Prophet as a Sacred Spring: Late Ottoman Hilye BottlesChristiane Gruber19 Visualising the Prophet – Rhetorical and Graphic Aspects of Three Ottoman-Turkish PoemsSüleymān Çelebi’s Vesīlet en-Necāt, Yazıcıoğlı’s Risāle-i Muḥammedīye, and Ḫāḳānī’s ḤilyeTobias Heinzelmann20 The World of al-Qandūsī (d. 1278/1861)Prophetology and Calligraphy in Morocco During the First Half of the Nineteenth CenturyFrancesco Chiabotti and Hiba AbidIndex

Denis Gril (Ph.D. 1983, Habilitation 1993 Aix-en-Provence): Professor emeritus of Arabic and Islamic Studies, University of Aix-Marseille, IREMAM. His main areas of research are the work of Ibn al-ʿArabī, the history of Sufism and the scriptural foundations of spirituality in Islam. Stefan Reichmuth (Ph. D. 1983 Berlin, Habilitation 1992 Bayreuth): retired Professor, Arabic and Islamic Studies, Bochum University. Research on Islam and Arabic in Africa, Islamic Education, scholarly networks. Publications include: “Aspects of Prophetic Piety in the Early Modern Period” (2017).Dilek Sarmis (Ph.D. Paris 2016), EHESS (Paris), Associate Professor at the University of Strasbourg. Specialist in intellectual history and history of knowledge in the late Ottoman Empire and Republican Turkey, working on conservatisms and on the history of social sciences in Turkey.ContributorsHiba Abid, Nelly Amri, Caterina Bori, Francesco Chiabotti, Rachida Chih, Adrien de Jarmy, Daniel De Smet, Mohamed Thami El Harrak, Brigitte Foulon, Denis Gril, Christiane Gruber, Tobias Heinzelmann, David Jordan, Pierre Lory, Catherine Mayeur-Jaouen, Samuela Pagani, Alexandre Papas, Michele Petrone, Stefan Reichmuth, Meryem Sebti, Dilek Sarmis, Matthieu Terrier, Jean-Jacques Thibon, Marc Toutant, Ruggiero Vimercati Sanseverino.

" An added value in this monumental volume is the success at updating our sources and resources on the “Historical Muhammad”. It projects thetrajectory of Western scholarship from Max Horten (1916), Annemarie Schimmel (1981 &1985), H. Motzki ed, 2000, C. Fitzpatrick & A. H. Walker (2014) up to Stephen J. Shoemaker (2019), Les vies de Muhammad. By all account, this volume has opened up a new vista on an important field of inquiry but one which has hitherto been sidestepped or, at best, treated with gracious superficiality" - Amidu Olalekan Sanni, The Muslim World Book Review , 44:1, 2023.

• AcknowledgementsList of Figures and TablesNotes on ContributorsThe Presence of the Prophet: General IntroductionRachida Chih, David Jordan and Stefan ReichmuthThe Prophet between Doctrine, Literature and Arts: Introduction to Volume IDenis Gril, Stefan Reichmuth and Dilek Sarmispart 1: Images of the Prophet in Qurʾān, Ḥadīth, and Sīra/Maghāzī, and their Cultural Embedding1 The Prophet in the QurʾānAn Attempt at a SynthesisDenis Gril2 Dating the Emergence of the Warrior-Prophet in Maghāzī LiteratureSecond/Eighth to the Fourth/Tenth CenturyAdrien de Jarmy3 Ḥadīth Culture and Ibn Taymiyya’s Controversial Legacy in Early Fifteenth Century DamascusIbn Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Dimashqī and His al-Radd Al-Wāfir (d. 842/1438)Caterina Bori4 “There Is Matter for Thought”The Episode of the Night Journey and the Heavenly Ascension in the Sīra ḥalabiyya, at the Beginning of the Seventeenth CenturyCatherine Mayeur-Jaouenpart 2: Towards a Theology of Devotion to the Prophet in Sunnī Islam5 Theology of Veneration of the Prophet MuḥammadDoctrine and Love in the Shifāʾ of al-Qāḍī ʿIyāḍ (d. 544/1149)Ruggero Vimercati Sanseverino6 “Special Features of the Prophet” (Khaṣāʾiṣ nabawiyya)From Jurisprudence to DevotionMichele Petrone7 Modèle prophétique et modèle de sainteté dans le soufisme ancienQuelques exemplesPierre Lory8 L’éducation par « la lumière de la foi du Prophète » selon le shaykh ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Dabbāgh (m. 1332/1719)D’après le Kitāb al-Ibrīz de Aḥmad b. al-Mubārak (m. 1156/1743)Jean-Jacques Thibonpart 3: The Prophet in Shīʿī Doctrine and in Islamic Philosophy9 The Prophet Muḥammad in Imāmī ShīʿismBetween History and MetaphysicsMathieu Terrier10 The Prophet Muḥammad and His Heir ʿAlīTheir Historical, Metahistorical and Cosmological Roles in Ismāʿīlī ShīʿismDaniel De Smet11 La dimension éthique et politique de la révélation prophétique chez les falāsifaMeryem Sebtipart 4: The Splendour of Words: Exaltation of the Prophet in Islamic Literatures12 “I Have Mandated It to Fly to You on the Wings of My Ardent Desire”Letter to the Prophet Written by Lisān al-Dīn ibn al-Khaṭīb (d. 776/1375) on Behalf of the Naṣrid Ruler of GranadaNelly Amri13 Les poèmes d’éloge du Prophète de Lisān al-Dīn Ibn al-Khāṭīb (713-776/1313-1374 ou 75)Brigitte Foulon14 Présence du Prophète dans l’art du panégyrique (madīḥ) et de l’audition spirituelle (samāʿ)Approche thématiqueMohamed Thami El Harrak15 Timurid Accounts of Ascension (miʿrāj) in TürkīOne Prophet, Two ModelsMarc Toutant16 MiʿrāciyyeThe Ascension of the Prophet in Ottoman Literature from the Fifteenth to the Twentieth CenturyAlexandre Papaspart 5: The Prophet in the Mirror of the Verbal, Scriptural and Pictorial Imagery: Aesthetics and Devotion17 The Reality and Image of the Prophet according to the Theologian and Poet ʿAbd al-Ghanī al-NābulusīSamuela Pagani18 The Prophet as a Sacred Spring: Late Ottoman Hilye BottlesChristiane Gruber19 Visualising the Prophet – Rhetorical and Graphic Aspects of Three Ottoman-Turkish PoemsSüleymān Çelebi’s Vesīlet en-Necāt, Yazıcıoğlı’s Risāle-i Muḥammedīye, and Ḫāḳānī’s ḤilyeTobias Heinzelmann20 The World of al-Qandūsī (d. 1278/1861)Prophetology and Calligraphy in Morocco During the First Half of the Nineteenth CenturyFrancesco Chiabotti and Hiba AbidIndex