Wei Shi, Ph.D. (2022), La Trobe University, is a postdoctoral researcher at Tsinghua University. Her research interests include Confucian thought and intellectual history of Chinese philosophy.

• List of Figures and TablesIntroduction1 Objectives of the Study2 Research Methods3 What Is Confucianism?4 Chapter Outlines1 The Revival of Guoxue and the Rise of Wenhua Zijue1 Guoxue and Its Development over the Past Century2 Awakening of Wenhua Zijue and Contemporary China’s Confucian Revival3 Concluding Remarks2 Confucian Philosophy and Universal Values—Chen Lai’s “Humaneness-Based Ontology”1 The Legitimacy of “Chinese Philosophy”2 Contemporary Reconstruction of Ren-Based Philosophy3 A Critical Development of Earlier Philosophical Systems4 Confucian Philosophy and Universal Values5 Concluding Remarks3 Confucian Affection and a Global Ethic: a Contemporary Debate on Confucian Ethics1 An Overview of the Debate2 Two Main Themes in the Debate3 Concluding Remarks4 Return to Kang Youwei: a New Trend Among “Mainland New Confucians”1 An Increasing Interest in Kang Youwei’s Political Thought2 Return to Kang Youwei’s Problematique3 Main Arguments and Advocacies of the Kang Clique4 Criticisms and Responses5 Concluding Remarks6 ConclusionWorks Cited

Wei Shi, Ph.D. (2022), La Trobe University, is a postdoctoral researcher at Tsinghua University. Her research interests include Confucian thought and intellectual history of Chinese philosophy.

• List of Figures and TablesIntroduction1 Objectives of the Study2 Research Methods3 What Is Confucianism?4 Chapter Outlines1 The Revival of Guoxue and the Rise of Wenhua Zijue1 Guoxue and Its Development over the Past Century2 Awakening of Wenhua Zijue and Contemporary China’s Confucian Revival3 Concluding Remarks2 Confucian Philosophy and Universal Values—Chen Lai’s “Humaneness-Based Ontology”1 The Legitimacy of “Chinese Philosophy”2 Contemporary Reconstruction of Ren-Based Philosophy3 A Critical Development of Earlier Philosophical Systems4 Confucian Philosophy and Universal Values5 Concluding Remarks3 Confucian Affection and a Global Ethic: a Contemporary Debate on Confucian Ethics1 An Overview of the Debate2 Two Main Themes in the Debate3 Concluding Remarks4 Return to Kang Youwei: a New Trend Among “Mainland New Confucians”1 An Increasing Interest in Kang Youwei’s Political Thought2 Return to Kang Youwei’s Problematique3 Main Arguments and Advocacies of the Kang Clique4 Criticisms and Responses5 Concluding Remarks6 ConclusionWorks Cited