Johannes Bronkhorst, Ph.D. University of Pune 1969, Leiden University 1970, is Professor emeritus of Indian Studies at the University of Lausanne. He has published monographs, translations and many articles on India.

• PrefaceIntroduction1 Author2 Extent and Structure3 Intended Readership4 Contents5 Doxography6 Text7 Recurring ArgumentsSanskrit Text and English TranslationIntroductory Verses1 The Philosophy of CāRvāKa1.1 Introduction1.2 Against Inference1.3 Coda2 The Philosophy of the Buddhists2.1 Refutation of the Preceding View2.2 The Buddhist Position2.3 General Features of Buddhism3 The Philosophy of the Jainas3.1 Refutation of the Preceding View3.2 Jainism’s Own Position4 The Philosophy of Rāmānuja4.1 Refutation of the Preceding View4.2 Three Categories4.3 Critique of Advaita4.4 Reality4.5 Worship and Ritual5 The Philosophy of Pūrṇaprajña5.1 Introduction5.2 Dvaita versus Advaita5.3 The First sūtras5.4 Coda6 The Philosophy of the Pāśupatas who follow Nakulīśa7 The Philosophy of the Followers of Śiva7.1 The Lord7.2 The Bound Soul7.3 The Fetter8 The Philosophy of Recognition9 The Philosophy of the Lord of Mercury10 The Philosophy of the Followers of Ulūka10.1 Survey10.2 Some Issues11 The Philosophy of Akṣapāda11.1 The Main Teachings11.2 Liberation Is the Complete Annihilation of Pain11.3 The Existence of God12 The Philosophy of Jaimini12.1 Introduction12.2 The First Topic12.3 The Authorlessness of the Veda13 The Philosophy of Pāṇini13.1 The Beginning of the Mahābhāṣya Explained13.2 Sphoṭa and Brahma14 The Philosophy of Sāṃkhya14.1 Introductory Question14.2 Existents Accepted in Sāṃkhya14.3 Proofs15 The Philosophy of Patañjali15.1 The Treatise on Yoga15.2 The Meaning of atha15.3 The Subject Matter of Yoga15.4 Yoga versus Treatise15.5 Yoga and Absorption15.6 Yoga and Suppressing the Changing States of the Mind15.7 Absorption15.8 Items Inimical to Yoga15.9 Yoga of Action15.10 More on the Yoga of Action15.11 Limbs of Yoga15.12 The Perfections15.13 Liberation15.14 Four Parts of Yoga16 The Philosophy of Śaṅkara16.1 Introduction: Refutation of the Doctrine of Modification16.2 The Correct PositionNotes to the TranslationBibliography

Johannes Bronkhorst, Ph.D. University of Pune 1969, Leiden University 1970, is Professor emeritus of Indian Studies at the University of Lausanne. He has published monographs, translations and many articles on India.

• PrefaceIntroduction1 Author2 Extent and Structure3 Intended Readership4 Contents5 Doxography6 Text7 Recurring ArgumentsSanskrit Text and English TranslationIntroductory Verses1 The Philosophy of CāRvāKa1.1 Introduction1.2 Against Inference1.3 Coda2 The Philosophy of the Buddhists2.1 Refutation of the Preceding View2.2 The Buddhist Position2.3 General Features of Buddhism3 The Philosophy of the Jainas3.1 Refutation of the Preceding View3.2 Jainism’s Own Position4 The Philosophy of Rāmānuja4.1 Refutation of the Preceding View4.2 Three Categories4.3 Critique of Advaita4.4 Reality4.5 Worship and Ritual5 The Philosophy of Pūrṇaprajña5.1 Introduction5.2 Dvaita versus Advaita5.3 The First sūtras5.4 Coda6 The Philosophy of the Pāśupatas who follow Nakulīśa7 The Philosophy of the Followers of Śiva7.1 The Lord7.2 The Bound Soul7.3 The Fetter8 The Philosophy of Recognition9 The Philosophy of the Lord of Mercury10 The Philosophy of the Followers of Ulūka10.1 Survey10.2 Some Issues11 The Philosophy of Akṣapāda11.1 The Main Teachings11.2 Liberation Is the Complete Annihilation of Pain11.3 The Existence of God12 The Philosophy of Jaimini12.1 Introduction12.2 The First Topic12.3 The Authorlessness of the Veda13 The Philosophy of Pāṇini13.1 The Beginning of the Mahābhāṣya Explained13.2 Sphoṭa and Brahma14 The Philosophy of Sāṃkhya14.1 Introductory Question14.2 Existents Accepted in Sāṃkhya14.3 Proofs15 The Philosophy of Patañjali15.1 The Treatise on Yoga15.2 The Meaning of atha15.3 The Subject Matter of Yoga15.4 Yoga versus Treatise15.5 Yoga and Absorption15.6 Yoga and Suppressing the Changing States of the Mind15.7 Absorption15.8 Items Inimical to Yoga15.9 Yoga of Action15.10 More on the Yoga of Action15.11 Limbs of Yoga15.12 The Perfections15.13 Liberation15.14 Four Parts of Yoga16 The Philosophy of Śaṅkara16.1 Introduction: Refutation of the Doctrine of Modification16.2 The Correct PositionNotes to the TranslationBibliography

Johannes Bronkhorst, Ph.D. University of Pune 1969, Leiden University 1970, is Professor emeritus of Indian Studies at the University of Lausanne. He has published monographs, translations and many articles on India.

• PrefaceIntroduction1 Author2 Extent and Structure3 Intended Readership4 Contents5 Doxography6 Text7 Recurring ArgumentsSanskrit Text and English TranslationIntroductory Verses1 The Philosophy of CāRvāKa1.1 Introduction1.2 Against Inference1.3 Coda2 The Philosophy of the Buddhists2.1 Refutation of the Preceding View2.2 The Buddhist Position2.3 General Features of Buddhism3 The Philosophy of the Jainas3.1 Refutation of the Preceding View3.2 Jainism’s Own Position4 The Philosophy of Rāmānuja4.1 Refutation of the Preceding View4.2 Three Categories4.3 Critique of Advaita4.4 Reality4.5 Worship and Ritual5 The Philosophy of Pūrṇaprajña5.1 Introduction5.2 Dvaita versus Advaita5.3 The First sūtras5.4 Coda6 The Philosophy of the Pāśupatas who follow Nakulīśa7 The Philosophy of the Followers of Śiva7.1 The Lord7.2 The Bound Soul7.3 The Fetter8 The Philosophy of Recognition9 The Philosophy of the Lord of Mercury10 The Philosophy of the Followers of Ulūka10.1 Survey10.2 Some Issues11 The Philosophy of Akṣapāda11.1 The Main Teachings11.2 Liberation Is the Complete Annihilation of Pain11.3 The Existence of God12 The Philosophy of Jaimini12.1 Introduction12.2 The First Topic12.3 The Authorlessness of the Veda13 The Philosophy of Pāṇini13.1 The Beginning of the Mahābhāṣya Explained13.2 Sphoṭa and Brahma14 The Philosophy of Sāṃkhya14.1 Introductory Question14.2 Existents Accepted in Sāṃkhya14.3 Proofs15 The Philosophy of Patañjali15.1 The Treatise on Yoga15.2 The Meaning of atha15.3 The Subject Matter of Yoga15.4 Yoga versus Treatise15.5 Yoga and Absorption15.6 Yoga and Suppressing the Changing States of the Mind15.7 Absorption15.8 Items Inimical to Yoga15.9 Yoga of Action15.10 More on the Yoga of Action15.11 Limbs of Yoga15.12 The Perfections15.13 Liberation15.14 Four Parts of Yoga16 The Philosophy of Śaṅkara16.1 Introduction: Refutation of the Doctrine of Modification16.2 The Correct PositionNotes to the TranslationBibliography