This book aims at establishing digital translation history as a specific field within the broader discipline of translation studies, and at the intersection of translation history and digital humanities. The book responds to the urgent need to encourage source-based and empirical research that is able to identify, at large scale, translations and translators in the global cultural ecosystem over time, as well as to analyze translated texts with digital methodologies and propose multiple tools and new ways to process and read them. In this respect, the book is structured in four sections with multiple case studies dealing with translation flows, agents of translation, textual analysis of translations, and repositories and infrastructures. The book is also an attempt to theorize and institutionalize what previously has been called “big translation history” (Roig-Sanz and Fólica 2021) and apply digital tools to identify patterns of cultural phenomena or word use, as well as to build networks of relationships and visualize spatial information (Vogeler and Hofeneder 2023).