Weather and climate play an important role in hill crops distribution, production and productivity. While climate determines the distribution of crops weather determines the crop yields. The Hill Climates over India in terms of atmospheric temperature and precipitation are discussed in detail along with the influences of topography, elevation, slope and aspect on distribution of crops. The Hill States across the Country viz., Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Haryana, Punjab, Jammu Kashmir, West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh and the North-East States are covered with respect to agroclimatic aspects in addition to the hill climates of the Western and Eastern Ghats and Himalayas in this book.Agroclimatology, a multidisciplinary field of study, seeks to understand the intricate relationships between climate, soil, topography, and crops in specific mountain regions. This field of research has gained significant importance in recent years, as the world grapples with the challenges of climate change, food security, and sustainable agriculture. By examining the complex interactions between environmental factors and crop growth, agrotopoclimatology provides valuable insights into optimizing crop yields, improving agricultural productivity, and promoting sustainable land use practices.This publication revolves around the Agrometeorology of Mountain Agriculture to minimize crop losses due to global warming and climate change across the Country. The contributions emerged based on research findings from different parts of the Country and incorporated in this publication are noteworthy, unique and innovative, valuable and informative to the students, faculty members and researchers.