S.R. Sree Rangasamy, Former Director (School of Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology), Professor,(Retd), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.S. Manmomani, Professor and Head, Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.

• 1. Introduction2. Importance of Seeds in Agriculture3. Genetic Purity of Parents and Natural Cross Pollination4. Clonal Seeds5. In vitro Grafting6. In vitro Clones in Plants7. Organic Seed Production8. Synthetic Seeds9. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production10. Maintenance Breeding11. Molecular Markers for Seed and Clonal Purity and Grow Out Testing (Molecular GOT)12. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production of Field Crops13. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production in Horticultural Crops14. Long-term Conservation of Crop Varieties15. Protection of Released Varieties

S.R. Sree Rangasamy, Former Director (School of Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology), Professor,(Retd), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.S. Manmomani, Professor and Head, Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.

• 1. Introduction2. Importance of Seeds in Agriculture3. Genetic Purity of Parents and Natural Cross Pollination4. Clonal Seeds5. In vitro Grafting6. In vitro Clones in Plants7. Organic Seed Production8. Synthetic Seeds9. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production10. Maintenance Breeding11. Molecular Markers for Seed and Clonal Purity and Grow Out Testing (Molecular GOT)12. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production of Field Crops13. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production in Horticultural Crops14. Long-term Conservation of Crop Varieties15. Protection of Released Varieties

S.R. Sree Rangasamy, Former Director (School of Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology), Professor,(Retd), Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.S. Manmomani, Professor and Head, Department of Rice, Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.

• 1. Introduction2. Importance of Seeds in Agriculture3. Genetic Purity of Parents and Natural Cross Pollination4. Clonal Seeds5. In vitro Grafting6. In vitro Clones in Plants7. Organic Seed Production8. Synthetic Seeds9. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production10. Maintenance Breeding11. Molecular Markers for Seed and Clonal Purity and Grow Out Testing (Molecular GOT)12. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production of Field Crops13. Nucleus and Breeder Seed Production in Horticultural Crops14. Long-term Conservation of Crop Varieties15. Protection of Released Varieties