Bruce Williams is a professor of cultural studies at the William Paterson University of New Jersey. A specialist in film theory and history, his areas of research focus range from issues of national identity in the cinema to films of ethnic minority expression. He is co-author, with Keumsil Kim-Yoon of Two Lenses on the Korean Ethos: Key Cultural Concepts and Their Appearance in Cinema (2015). Williams has published extensively on Hispanic film and on the ‘other cinema’ of Europe. His current research foregrounds Albanian cinema in the transnational era.

"Overall, Bruce Williams has provided an excellent overview of the development of Albanian film up to 1990. He does not limit himself to describing important leading films, but places them in the context of the overall political development. The freedom of choice was evidently greater for filmmakers than for their colleagues in other areas of culture." -Michael Schmidt-Neke, Südost-Forschungen, issue 82, 2023

• Preface: A Personal Journey towards and through Albania and Its Cinema Acknowledgments Introduction: Albania: The Context for a Little-Known Cinema Chapter I: The Roots of Cinema in Albania: The Ottoman Period, Independence, and the Fascist Occupation Chapter II: The Birth and Development of a Socialist Cinema in Albania Chapter III: The Flourishing of Kinostudio Chapter IV: A Cinema in Isolation Chapter V: Kinostudio in the Post-Hoxha Era Works Cited Some Words in Conclusion—Towards a Cinema of Postcommunism Works Cited Filmography

Bruce Williams is a professor of cultural studies at the William Paterson University of New Jersey. A specialist in film theory and history, his areas of research focus range from issues of national identity in the cinema to films of ethnic minority expression. He is co-author, with Keumsil Kim-Yoon of Two Lenses on the Korean Ethos: Key Cultural Concepts and Their Appearance in Cinema (2015). Williams has published extensively on Hispanic film and on the ‘other cinema’ of Europe. His current research foregrounds Albanian cinema in the transnational era.

"Overall, Bruce Williams has provided an excellent overview of the development of Albanian film up to 1990. He does not limit himself to describing important leading films, but places them in the context of the overall political development. The freedom of choice was evidently greater for filmmakers than for their colleagues in other areas of culture." -Michael Schmidt-Neke, Südost-Forschungen, issue 82, 2023

• Preface: A Personal Journey towards and through Albania and Its Cinema Acknowledgments Introduction: Albania: The Context for a Little-Known Cinema Chapter I: The Roots of Cinema in Albania: The Ottoman Period, Independence, and the Fascist Occupation Chapter II: The Birth and Development of a Socialist Cinema in Albania Chapter III: The Flourishing of Kinostudio Chapter IV: A Cinema in Isolation Chapter V: Kinostudio in the Post-Hoxha Era Works Cited Some Words in Conclusion—Towards a Cinema of Postcommunism Works Cited Filmography

Bruce Williams is a professor of cultural studies at the William Paterson University of New Jersey. A specialist in film theory and history, his areas of research focus range from issues of national identity in the cinema to films of ethnic minority expression. He is co-author, with Keumsil Kim-Yoon of Two Lenses on the Korean Ethos: Key Cultural Concepts and Their Appearance in Cinema (2015). Williams has published extensively on Hispanic film and on the ‘other cinema’ of Europe. His current research foregrounds Albanian cinema in the transnational era.

"Overall, Bruce Williams has provided an excellent overview of the development of Albanian film up to 1990. He does not limit himself to describing important leading films, but places them in the context of the overall political development. The freedom of choice was evidently greater for filmmakers than for their colleagues in other areas of culture." -Michael Schmidt-Neke, Südost-Forschungen, issue 82, 2023

• Preface: A Personal Journey towards and through Albania and Its Cinema Acknowledgments Introduction: Albania: The Context for a Little-Known Cinema Chapter I: The Roots of Cinema in Albania: The Ottoman Period, Independence, and the Fascist Occupation Chapter II: The Birth and Development of a Socialist Cinema in Albania Chapter III: The Flourishing of Kinostudio Chapter IV: A Cinema in Isolation Chapter V: Kinostudio in the Post-Hoxha Era Works Cited Some Words in Conclusion—Towards a Cinema of Postcommunism Works Cited Filmography