Dr. Pallaval Veera Bramhachari is currently Head of the Department of Biotechnology at Krishna University, India. He has served as a Postdoctoral Research Scientist at the Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR), Australia, and DBT Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science (IIsc), Bangalore. He holds a Ph.D. in Microbiology from Goa University, India. His research focuses on applied microbiology and cell biology research, including the biochemical mechanisms of bacterial-biofilm formation, structure-function relationship of bacterial rhamnolipids, and basic and translational cancer research. He has published more than 115 research articles in leading peer-reviewed international journals and 3 books, and has presented 47 abstracts at various national and international conferences. He has served as an editorial board member and reviewer for a number of national and international journals, and is a member of several international scientific societies and organizations, most importantly, the Indian Science Congress & Society of Biological Chemists, India. He has received a number of prestigious awards, notably, AP State Best Scientist Award 2017, DST SERB Young Scientist Award (2011) and was nominated as an Associate Fellow of Andhra Pradesh Academy of Sciences (APAS) for the year 2016.

• Chapter 1. Significance and dynamics of immune responses during viral pathogenesis.- Chapter 2. Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infections.- Chapter 3. Inflammation during virus infection: swings and roundabouts.- Chapter 4. Interferons and their role in Viral infection.- Chapter 5. Role of Cytokines in combating viral infections: Siginificance and relevance.- Chapter 6. B cells and their role in combating viral diseases.- Chapter 7. Significant role of Cellular activation in viral infections Bojjibabu Chidipi1 Samuel Ignatious Bolleddu,Ganugula Mohana Sheela and Alavala Mattareddy.- Chapter 8. Macrophages/Micro vesicles and their task in viral diseases Macrophages/Microvesicles and their task in viral diseases.- Chapter 9. T cells in viral infections: The myriad flavours of antiviral immunity.- Chapter 10. Potentiality of Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) in viral infections.- Chapter 11. Activation and immune evasion of viruses from Complement system.- Chapter 12. microRNAs and their role in viral infection.- Chapter 13. Evolution, Distribution and Diversity of Immunodeficiency Viruses.- Chapter 14. Role of immune cells in Hepatitis B infection.- Chapter 15. Role of RNA Sensors in Immunity against Viral Diseases.- Chapter 16. Role of DNA Sensors in Immunity against Viral Diseases.- Chapter 17. Advanced immunotechnological methods for detection and diagnosis of viral infections: Current applications and future challenges.- Chapter 18. Current advances in viral vaccines development and Research.

Dr. Pallaval Veera Bramhachari is currently Head of the Department of Biotechnology at Krishna University, India. He has served as a Postdoctoral Research Scientist at the Bacterial Pathogenesis Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR), Australia, and DBT Postdoctoral Fellow at the Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science (IIsc), Bangalore. He holds a Ph.D. in Microbiology from Goa University, India. His research focuses on applied microbiology and cell biology research, including the biochemical mechanisms of bacterial-biofilm formation, structure-function relationship of bacterial rhamnolipids, and basic and translational cancer research. He has published more than 115 research articles in leading peer-reviewed international journals and 3 books, and has presented 47 abstracts at various national and international conferences. He has served as an editorial board member and reviewer for a number of national and international journals, and is a member of several international scientific societies and organizations, most importantly, the Indian Science Congress & Society of Biological Chemists, India. He has received a number of prestigious awards, notably, AP State Best Scientist Award 2017, DST SERB Young Scientist Award (2011) and was nominated as an Associate Fellow of Andhra Pradesh Academy of Sciences (APAS) for the year 2016.

• Chapter 1. Significance and dynamics of immune responses during viral pathogenesis.- Chapter 2. Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infections.- Chapter 3. Inflammation during virus infection: swings and roundabouts.- Chapter 4. Interferons and their role in Viral infection.- Chapter 5. Role of Cytokines in combating viral infections: Siginificance and relevance.- Chapter 6. B cells and their role in combating viral diseases.- Chapter 7. Significant role of Cellular activation in viral infections Bojjibabu Chidipi1 Samuel Ignatious Bolleddu,Ganugula Mohana Sheela and Alavala Mattareddy.- Chapter 8. Macrophages/Micro vesicles and their task in viral diseases Macrophages/Microvesicles and their task in viral diseases.- Chapter 9. T cells in viral infections: The myriad flavours of antiviral immunity.- Chapter 10. Potentiality of Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) in viral infections.- Chapter 11. Activation and immune evasion of viruses from Complement system.- Chapter 12. microRNAs and their role in viral infection.- Chapter 13. Evolution, Distribution and Diversity of Immunodeficiency Viruses.- Chapter 14. Role of immune cells in Hepatitis B infection.- Chapter 15. Role of RNA Sensors in Immunity against Viral Diseases.- Chapter 16. Role of DNA Sensors in Immunity against Viral Diseases.- Chapter 17. Advanced immunotechnological methods for detection and diagnosis of viral infections: Current applications and future challenges.- Chapter 18. Current advances in viral vaccines development and Research.