This book explores the dynamic characteristics of modern urban spatial structures through big data technologies, particularly mobile phone signaling data. Such data, with its comprehensive sampling and real-time features, provides unprecedented opportunities to capture residents' spatiotemporal behaviors in daily life and reveal operational patterns of urban spaces. As one of China's most representative global metropolises, Shanghai demonstrates prototypical and cutting-edge urban spatial structures and resident behavior patterns. Research on Shanghai not only enhances understanding of spatial evolution in Chinese megacities but also offers valuable insights for urban planning and management in other global cities.