This book is dedicated to rotor pole pattern topology technology for permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machines, presenting a comprehensive introduction to various pole patterns categorized by their functions and application scenarios. These patterns not only effectively reduce torque ripple and enhance torque performance but also significantly increase the utilization of permanent magnets, thereby improving the efficiency of permanent magnet machines. Additionally, the book proposes two multi-objective optimization methods focused on material usage and efficiency to further enhance machine output performance. It systematically covers theoretical studies, numerical simulations, design optimization, and experimental work, offering a holistic perspective on the subject. The design concepts and analytical approaches presented can be readily applied to other linear and rotary machines with similar structures. This book will appeal to academics, researchers, R&D engineers, and graduate students in electronic and mechanical engineering who seek to understand the fundamental principles, methodologies, and applications of linear and rotary machines.