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This work provides an introduction to four central problems in analytic number theory. These are (1) the problems of estimating the number of integer points in planar domains, (2) the problem of the distribution of prime numbers in the sequence of all natural numbers and in arithmetic progressions, (3) Goldbach's problems on sums of primes, and (4) Waring's problem on sums of k-th powers. The following fundamental methods of analytic number theory are used to solve these problems: complex integration, I.M. Vinogradov's method of trigonometric sums, and the circle method of G.H. Hardy, J.E. Littlewood, and S. Ramanujan. There are numerous exercises at the end of each chapter. These exercises either refine the theorems proved in the text, or lead to new ideas in number theory. The author also includes a section of hints for the solution of the exercises.
Selected Works
Prepared by the Steklov Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR on the occasion of his ninetieth birthday
Häftad, Engelska, 2014
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I. M. Vinogradov (1891 - 1983) was one of the creators of modern analytic number theory. He graduated from the University of St. Petersburg, where in 1920 he became a Professor. From 1934 he was a Director of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics, a position he held for the rest of his life, except for five years during World War II. This edition includes a selection of articles, chosen by the author himself, which highlight the important stages of his scientific career. In addition to some early works, it contains the initial proofs of many of Vinogradov's basic theorems as well as the later improved versions, and also two substantial monographs.