A.I. Kostrikin - Böcker

This textbook, written by a dedicated and successful pedagogue who developed the present undergraduate algebra course at Moscow State University, differs in several respects from other algebra textbooks available in English. The book reflects the Soviet approach to teaching mathematics with its emphasis on applications and problem-solving -- note that the mathematics department in Moscow is called the I~echanics-Mathematics" Faculty. In the first place, Kostrikin's textbook motivates many of the algebraic concepts by practical examples, for instance, the heated plate problem used to introduce linear equations in Chapter 1. In the second place, there are a large number of exercises, so that the student can convert a vague passive understanding to active mastery of the new ideas. Thes~ problems are intended to be challenging but doable by the student; the harder ones have hints at the back of the book. This feature also makes the book ideally suited for learning algebra on one's own outside of the framework of an organized course. In the third place, the author treats material which is usually not part of an elementary course but which is fundamental in applications. Thus, Part II includes an introduction to the classical groups and to representation theory. With many American colleges now trying to bring their undergraduate mathematics curriculum closer to applications, it seems worthwhile to translate Soviet textbooks which reflect their greater experience in this area of mathematical pedagogy.

Group theory is one of the most fundamental branches ofmathematics. This volume of the Encyclopaedia is devoted totwo important subjects within group theory. The first partof the book is concerned with infinite groups. The authorsdeal with combinatorial group theory, free constructionsthrough group actions on trees, algorithmic problems,periodic groups and the Burnside problem, and the structuretheory for Abelian, soluble and nilpotent groups. They haveincluded the very latest developments; however, the materialis accessible to readers familiar with the basic concepts ofalgebra.The second part treats the theory of linear groups. It is agenuinely encyclopaedic survey written for non-specialists.The topics covered includethe classical groups, algebraicgroups, topological methods, conjugacy theorems, and finitelinear groups.This book will be very useful to allmathematicians,physicists and other scientists including graduate studentswho use group theory in their work.

This volume of the Encyclopaedia presents a modern approachto homological algebra, which is based on the systematic useof the terminology and ideas of derived categories andderived functors. The book contains applications ofhomological algebra to the theory of sheaves on topologicalspaces, to Hodge theory, and to the theory of sheaves ontopological spaces, to Hodge theory, and to the theory ofmodules over rings of algebraic differential operators(algebraic D-modules). The authors Gelfand and Manin explainall the main ideas of the theory of derived categories. Bothauthors are well-known researchers and the second, Manin, isfamousfor his work in algebraic geometry and mathematicalphysics. The book isan excellent reference for graduate students andresearchers in mathematics and also for physicists who usemethods from algebraic geomtry and algebraictopology.

The monograph aims at a general outline of old and new results on representations of finite-dimensional algebras. In a theory which developed rapidly during the last two decades, the lack of textbooks is the main impediment for novices. Therefore special attention is paid to the foundations, and proofs are included for statements which are elementary, serve comprehension or are scarcely available. In this manner the authors try to lead the reader up to a point where he can find his way through the original literature. The discourse is centered around the fairly complete theory of finitely-represented posets and algebras. The monograph provides many examples and all the needed background on decomposition theorems, quivers, almost split sequences and derived categories. It includes a survey on representations of tame and wild quivers, lists of critical algebras and a proof of the old conjectures of Brauer and Thrall.

This book contains two contributions: "Combinatorial and Asymptotic Methods in Algebra" by V.A. Ufnarovskij is a survey of various combinatorial methods in infinite-dimensional algebras, widely interpreted to contain homological algebra and vigorously developing computer algebra, and narrowly interpreted as the study of algebraic objects defined by generators and their relations. The author shows how objects like words, graphs and automata provide valuable information in asymptotic studies. The main methods emply the notions of Grobner bases, generating functions, growth and those of homological algebra. Treated are also problems of relationships between different series, such as Hilbert, Poincare and Poincare-Betti series. Hyperbolic and quantum groups are also discussed. The reader does not need much of background material for he can find definitions and simple properties of the defined notions introduced along the way. "Non-Associative Structures" by E.N.Kuz'min and I.P.Shestakov surveys the modern state of the theory of non-associative structures that are nearly associative.Jordan, alternative, Malcev, and quasigroup algebras are discussed as well as applications of these structures in various areas of mathematics and primarily their relationship with the associative algebras. Quasigroups and loops are treated too. The survey is self-contained and complete with references to proofs in the literature. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in mathematics, computer science and theoretical physics.

This volume of the EMS consists of two parts. The first entitled Combinatorial Group Theory and Fundamental Groups, written by Collins and Zieschang, provides a readable and comprehensive description of that part of group theory which has its roots in topology in the theory of the fundamental group and the theory of discrete groups of transformations. Throughout the emphasis is on the rich interplay between the algebra and the topology and geometry. The second part by Grigorchuk and Kurchanov is a survey of recent work on groups relating to topological manifolds, dealing with equations in groups, particularly in surface groups and free groups, a study in terms of groups of Heegaard decompositions and algorithmic aspects of the Poincare conjecture, as well as the notion of the growth of groups. The authors have included a list of open problems, some of which have not been considered previously. Both parts contain numerous examples, outlines of proofs and full references to the literature. The book will be very useful as a reference and guide to researchers and graduate students in algebra and topology.

The first contribution covers the theory of finite groups of Lie type, which is an important field of current mathematical research. After giving the basic information Carter describes the Deligne-Lusztig method of obtaining characters of these groups using l-adic cohomology and subsequent work of Lusztig.The second part by Platonov and Yanchevskii surveys the structure of finite-dimensional division algebras and includes an account of reduced K-theory.

From the reviews: "...They (Gabriel and Roiter) are pioneers in this subject and they have included proofs for statements which in their opinions are elementary, those which will help further understanding and those which are scarcely available elsewhere. They attempt to take us up to the point where we can find our way in the original literature..." The Mathematical Gazette, 1993"...The standard of this text is high and will be definitely appreciated by the algebraic community." Monatshefte Mathematik, 1994"..This book is very welcome because it presents some basic material and at the same time it presents some new insights of the theory..." Zentralblatt fur Mathematik, 1996

From the reviews: "...The book under review consists of two monographs on geometric aspects of group theory ...Together, these two articles form a wide-ranging survey of combinatorial group theory, with emphasis very much on the geometric roots of the subject. This will be a useful reference work for the expert, as well as providing an overview of the subject for the outsider or novice. Many different topics are described and explored, with the main results presented but not proved. This allows the interested reader to get the flavour of these topics without becoming bogged down in detail. Both articles give comprehensive bibliographies, so that it is possible to use this book as the starting point for a more detailed study of a particular topic of interest..." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, 1996.

This book, the first printing of which was published as volume 38 of the Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences, presents a modern approach to homological algebra, based on the systematic use of the terminology and ideas of derived categories and derived functors. The book contains applications of homological algebra to the theory of sheaves on topological spaces, to Hodge theory, and to the theory of modules over rings of algebraic differential operators (algebraic D-modules). The authors Gelfand and Manin explain all the main ideas of the theory of derived categories. Both authors are well-known researchers and the second, Manin, is famous for his work in algebraic geometry and mathematical physics. The book is an excellent reference for graduate students and researchers in mathematics and also for physicists who use methods from algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.

Group theory is one of the most fundamental branches ofmathematics. This volume of the Encyclopaedia is devoted totwo important subjects within group theory. The first partof the book is concerned with infinite groups. The authorsdeal with combinatorial group theory, free constructionsthrough group actions on trees, algorithmic problems,periodic groups and the Burnside problem, and the structuretheory for Abelian, soluble and nilpotent groups. They haveincluded the very latest developments; however, the materialis accessible to readers familiar with the basic concepts ofalgebra.The second part treats the theory of linear groups. It is agenuinely encyclopaedic survey written for non-specialists.The topics covered includethe classical groups, algebraicgroups, topological methods, conjugacy theorems, and finitelinear groups.This book will be very useful to allmathematicians,physicists and other scientists including graduate studentswho use group theory in their work.

This book contains two contributions: "Combinatorial and Asymptotic Methods in Algebra" by V.A. Ufnarovskij is a survey of various combinatorial methods in infinite-dimensional algebras, widely interpreted to contain homological algebra and vigorously developing computer algebra, and narrowly interpreted as the study of algebraic objects defined by generators and their relations. The author shows how objects like words, graphs and automata provide valuable information in asymptotic studies. The main methods emply the notions of Gröbner bases, generating functions, growth and those of homological algebra. Treated are also problems of relationships between different series, such as Hilbert, Poincare and Poincare-Betti series. Hyperbolic and quantum groups are also discussed. The reader does not need much of background material for he can find definitions and simple properties of the defined notions introduced along the way. "Non-Associative Structures" by E.N.Kuz'min and I.P.Shestakov surveys the modern state of the theory of non-associative structures that are nearly associative. Jordan, alternative, Malcev, and quasigroup algebras are discussed as well as applications of these structures in various areas of mathematics and primarily their relationship with the associative algebras. Quasigroups and loops are treated too. The survey is self-contained and complete with references to proofs in the literature. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in mathematics, computer science and theoretical physics.

After giving the basic information Carter describes the Deligne-Lusztig method of obtaining characters of these groups using l-adic cohomology and subsequent work of Lusztig. The second part by Platonov and Yanchevskii surveys the structure of finite-dimensional division algebras and includes an account of reduced K-theory.

The algebra of square matrices of size n ~ 2 over the field of complex numbers is, evidently, the best-known example of a non-commutative alge­ 1 bra • Subalgebras and subrings of this algebra (for example, the ring of n x n matrices with integral entries) arise naturally in many areas of mathemat­ ics. Historically however, the study of matrix algebras was preceded by the discovery of quatemions which, introduced in 1843 by Hamilton, found ap­ plications in the classical mechanics of the past century. Later it turned out that quaternion analysis had important applications in field theory. The al­ gebra of quaternions has become one of the classical mathematical objects; it is used, for instance, in algebra, geometry and topology. We will briefly focus on other examples of non-commutative rings and algebras which arise naturally in mathematics and in mathematical physics. The exterior algebra (or Grassmann algebra) is widely used in differential geometry - for example, in geometric theory of integration. Clifford algebras, which include exterior algebras as a special case, have applications in rep­ resentation theory and in algebraic topology. The Weyl algebra (Le. algebra of differential operators with· polynomial coefficients) often appears in the representation theory of Lie algebras. In recent years modules over the Weyl algebra and sheaves of such modules became the foundation of the so-called microlocal analysis. The theory of operator algebras (Le.