Alexander James – författare

The Politics and Economics of Park Management examines national protected area systems, in both developed and developing countries, that have made a transformation from "fortress parks" to a sustainable use model. The contributors—park management, academics, and members of nongovenmental organizations—contend that successful institutional change in protected area systems involves not only the adoption of appropriate legal and regulatory regimes covering sustainable use, but also the development of an informal culture of sustainable resource use among all of a park's stakeholders. While this latter requirement is often difficult to achieve, the contributors show how these informal attitudes may evolve over time, both within the management structure of a park agency and the community of resource users. The case studies cited represent examples of successful institutional change, demonstrating both financial and conservation benefits to protected area agencies, that should serve as model for managing parks today.

Here is the ultimate guide to 50 of the world's best marathons. If you're a long-distance runner looking for a new challenge, or a marathon novice with a spirit of adventure, this informative guide will help you choose the perfect course. The marathons included here embrace far flung corners of the globe and every continent. They include fast and flat city runs, endurance events in hot and humid climates, scenic mountain challenges, the chance to run through historic sites and even in the polar regions. Whether you're chasing a personal best time, hoping to compete with the elite, taking on a personal challenge and raising money for charity, or are a back-of-the pack runner taking in the sights and sounds of a life-affirming event, this informative guide will provide you with all you need to make an informed decision about each event. Each marathon is rated for difficulty, and includes an expert analysis of the course. Included too, are practical details such as the organizing body to contact for each event, when to enter, and when the run takes place, so that you can plan ahead. Stunning photography provides an overview of each marathon experience.