Alexander Mayer – författare

Kinetic View of Dynamic Plasticity and Fracture of Polycrystalline Solids analyzes kinetic models that can be immediately implemented into simulations of a wide-range of mechanical processes, incorporating dislocation plasticity, deformation twinning, phase transitions, dynamic recrystallization, pore growth, and multiple cracking. The first section provides a state-of-the-art review of kinetic structural models of plasticity and fracture, with the second section outlining novel fully discrete formulations of the kinetic models with the variables defined on the elements of polytopal cell complexes instead of the conventional continuous manifolds.Finally, the third section discusses the implications of formulations for mechanical criteria of plasticity and fracture, the corresponding rheological models for high-strain-rate material deformation, and finite element method-based simulation results. Users will find guidance on, and examples of, the modeling of deformation processes of nano-sized samples with naturally high strain rates as well as how to use data acquired in microstructural characterization (such as SEM or X-ray).Analyzes a large number of kinetic models for simulation of metal forming and high-strain-rate plastic deformation of metals that can be introduced into finite element modeling packages as additional state variablesOutlines structural physical approaches to plasticity and fracture of polycrystalline metalsIncludes applications of kinetic models and insights on how to use data acquired in microstructural characterization

This book presents research on recent developments in collective decision-making. With contributions from leading scholars from a variety of disciplines, it provides an up-to-date overview of applications in social choice theory, welfare economics, and industrial organization. The contributions address, amongst others, topics such as measuring power, the manipulability of collective decisions, and experimental approaches. Applications range from analysis of the complicated institutional rules of the European Union to responsibility-based allocation of cartel damages or the design of webpage rankings. With its interdisciplinary focus, the book seeks to bridge the gap between different disciplinary approaches by pointing to open questions that can only be resolved through collaborative efforts.

This book presents research on recent developments in collective decision-making. With contributions from leading scholars from a variety of disciplines, it provides an up-to-date overview of applications in social choice theory, welfare economics, and industrial organization. The contributions address, amongst others, topics such as measuring power, the manipulability of collective decisions, and experimental approaches. Applications range from analysis of the complicated institutional rules of the European Union to responsibility-based allocation of cartel damages or the design of webpage rankings. With its interdisciplinary focus, the book seeks to bridge the gap between different disciplinary approaches by pointing to open questions that can only be resolved through collaborative efforts.

Mit der Exzellenzinitiative richtete die deutsche Wissenschaftspolitik das Hochschulsystem neu aus. Das Ziel: international konkurrenzfähige Spitzenuniversitäten durch einen verschärften Wettbewerb. So einschneidend diese Zäsur auch war, hat das Exzellenzprogramm doch eine längere Vorgeschichte. Denn bereits seit dem Abbruch des Hochschulausbaus in den 1970er Jahren entwickelten sich – teils politisch forciert, teils infolge schwindender finanzieller Spielräume des Staates – neue Formen des Wettbewerbs zwischen Universitäten um Geld, Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler, Studierende und Prestige, die zunehmend internationale Dimensionen gewannen.Alexander Mayer untersucht die Entstehung interuniversitärer Konkurrenzverhältnisse seit den frühen 1980er Jahren anhand von sechs Fallbeispielen: der FU Berlin, der Universität Bielefeld, der TU München, der FSU Jena, der Universität zu Köln und der Carl von Ossietzy Universität Oldenburg. Auf dieser Grundlage kann Mayer die Folgen des Wettbewerbs zeigen – sowohl für die Machtverhältnisse an den Universitäten als auch für Forschung und Lehre.