Few people are knowledgeable about the history of the Greek Civil War. Often termed the hidden war, this conflict of the late 1940s is still highly controversial and a source of extreme emotion for those Greeks who remember it. This book details the events leading to the outbreak of the war and examines the unique means by which United Nation's intervention was able to restrain a conflict that threatened to engulf the Balkans and southeastern Europe. Nachmani demonstrates how the United Nations Special Committee on the Balkans (UNSCOB)--the first U.N. observation mission--stood out as a success story among the observation and peacekeeping missions of the post-World War II era. The U.N. vigilance in the Balkans is a saga that, up until now, has not been told.Using sources from the United Nations, England, the United States, Holland, and Greece, Amikam Nachmani offers a comprehensive re-creation of the uniquely successful role played by the U.N. in the Greek Civil War. The author contends that U.N. intervention in the civil war, conducted in the Balkans during the late 1940s by a few hundred observers, was a successful peacekeeping operation. This conclusion challenges the generally accepted view of the U.N. as a useless performer in post-World War II civil wars. Students and scholars of history, political science, and diplomacy will find this account of one of the most controversial conflicts in post-World War II history, fascinating reading.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

The triangle described in this book hardly exists in reality. Tripartite relations among Greece, Turkey and Israel, if discernible at all, revolve around the crises which constantly beset the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Even then, it is not a triangle per se: the three states seldom pursue a common policy. This book describes the various bones of contention among the three in all possible spheres—political, economic, religious, etc.—as well as the areas and periods of understanding among them. What emerges quite clearly is the fact that any show of unanimity among Ankara, Athens and Jerusalem was, in the past, likely to rest more on some temporary community of interest than on any inherent belief in the need for unanimity.

Turkey's involvement in the Gulf War in 1991 paved the way for the country's acceptance into the European Union. This book, newly available in paperback, traces that process and in the first part looks at Turkey's foreign policy in the 1990s, considering the ability of the country to withstand the repercussions of the fall of communism. It focuses on Turkey's achievement in halting and minimising the effects of the temporary devaluation in its strategic importance that resulted from the waning of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the skilful way in which Turkey avoided becoming embroiled in the ethnic upheavals in Central Asia, the Balkans and the Middle East, and the development of a continued policy of closer integration into the European and western worlds.Internal politics are the focus of the second part of the book, addressing the curbing of the Kurdish revolt, the economic gains made, and the strengthening of civil society. Nachmani goes on to analyse the prospects for Turkey in the twenty-first century, in the light of the possible integration into Europe, which may leave the country's leadership free to deal effectively with domestic issues.This book will make crucial reading for anyone studying Turkish politics, or indeed European or European Union politics.An electronic edition of this book is freely available under a Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.

The triangle described in this book hardly exists in reality. Tripartite relations among Greece, Turkey and Israel, if discernible at all, revolve around the crises which constantly beset the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Even then, it is not a triangle per se: the three states seldom pursue a common policy. This book describes the various bones of contention among the three in all possible spheres—political, economic, religious, etc.—as well as the areas and periods of understanding among them. What emerges quite clearly is the fact that any show of unanimity among Ankara, Athens and Jerusalem was, in the past, likely to rest more on some temporary community of interest than on any inherent belief in the need for unanimity.

The triangle described in this book hardly exists in reality. Tripartite relations among Greece, Turkey and Israel, if discernible at all, revolve around the crises which constantly beset the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Even then, it is not a triangle per se: the three states seldom pursue a common policy. This book describes the various bones of contention among the three in all possible spheres—political, economic, religious, etc.—as well as the areas and periods of understanding among them. What emerges quite clearly is the fact that any show of unanimity among Ankara, Athens and Jerusalem was, in the past, likely to rest more on some temporary community of interest than on any inherent belief in the need for unanimity.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. Turkey's involvement in the Gulf War in 1991 paved the way for the country's acceptance into the European Union. This book traces that process and in the first part looks at Turkey's foreign policy in the 1990s, considering the ability of the country to withstand the repercussions of the fall of communism. It focuses on Turkey's achievement in halting and minimising the effects of the temporary devaluation in its strategic importance that resulted from the waning of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the skilful way in which Turkey avoided becoming embroiled in the ethnic upheavals in Central Asia, the Balkans and the Middle East, and the development of a continued policy of closer integration into the European and western worlds.Internal politics are the focus of the second part of the book, addressing the curbing of the Kurdish revolt, the economic gains made, and the strengthening of civil society. Nachmani goes on to analyse the prospects for Turkey in the twenty-first century, in the light of the possible integration into Europe, which may leave the country's leadership free to deal effectively with domestic issues.This book will make crucial reading for anyone studying Turkish politics, or indeed European or European Union politics.An electronic edition of this book is freely available under a Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.

Haunted presents: Europeans, Muslim immigrants, and the onus of European Jewish histories is an in-depth analysis of the interrelations between Muslim minority immigrants and local European communities with an accent on Jewish communities and Judaism. The triangular investigation in this work is largely based on media reporting and comment between the years 2005-15. From this basis a solid, informative background to the explosive mass Muslim immigration to Europe and the terror, conflict, racism, religious, social and political clashes of today is framed. No other scholarly work, yet one written in an empirical, attainable style, succeeds in presenting a more comprehensive, coherent and cohesive overview of the elements behind the headline-making news emerging from the tumultuous state which is Europe today.

The presence of Muslim communities in Europe is a politically charged issue. Sporadic attacks by radical Muslims have further highlighted the problem of a deep cultural divide between the Muslims and their host countries. There is, however, no one "Islamic Nation", and a distinction must be made between the radical Muslim minority and secular or practicing Muslims who subscribe neither to the theology nor politics of the radicals. The influx of Muslim immigrants into Europe is rooted in the common human aspiration for a better life. But to date there is no European consensus about how to deal with the political, social, religious, and economic problems associated with their absorption. This book presents a comprehensive picture of the causes and effects of Muslim immigration to the West. It discusses the population explosion in the sending countries, with their declining availability of jobs and increasing desperation. The author highlights the situation of Western countries with their shrinking families and growing workforce shortages, and considers the readiness of the Continent in general and specific countries in particular to allow its Muslim communities access to its culture and wealth or, conversely, to keep them apart. At the heart of the problem lie issues such as the readiness of the immigrants to adapt to European standards and Western culture, Europe's and Christianity's traditional intolerance of "the other", and Islam's fear of loss of its identity. In such a fluid and complex situation, there are few immediate solutions or overriding certainties, but one thing stands out: attitudes of Islamophobia and Europhobia do not adequately explain the situation.

The presence of Muslim communities in Europe is a politically charged issue. Sporadic attacks by radical Muslims have further highlighted the problem of a deep cultural divide between the Muslims and their host countries. There is, however, no one "Islamic Nation", and a distinction must be made between the radical Muslim minority and secular or practicing Muslims who subscribe neither to the theology nor politics of the radicals. The influx of Muslim immigrants into Europe is rooted in the common human aspiration for a better life. But to date there is no European consensus about how to deal with the political, social, religious, and economic problems associated with their absorption. This book presents a comprehensive picture of the causes and effects of Muslim immigration to the West. It discusses the population explosion in the sending countries, with their declining availability of jobs and increasing desperation. The author highlights the situation of Western countries with their shrinking families and growing workforce shortages, and considers the readiness of the Continent in general and specific countries in particular to allow its Muslim communities access to its culture and wealth or, conversely, to keep them apart. At the heart of the problem lie issues such as the readiness of the immigrants to adapt to European standards and Western culture, Europe's and Christianity's traditional intolerance of "the other", and Islam's fear of loss of its identity. In such a fluid and complex situation, there are few immediate solutions or overriding certainties, but one thing stands out: attitudes of Islamophobia and Europhobia do not adequately explain the situation.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. Turkey's involvement in the Gulf War in 1991 paved the way for the country's acceptance into the European Union. This book traces that process and in the first part looks at Turkey's foreign policy in the 1990s, considering the ability of the country to withstand the repercussions of the fall of communism. It focuses on Turkey's achievement in halting and minimising the effects of the temporary devaluation in its strategic importance that resulted from the waning of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the skilful way in which Turkey avoided becoming embroiled in the ethnic upheavals in Central Asia, the Balkans and the Middle East, and the development of a continued policy of closer integration into the European and western worlds.Internal politics are the focus of the second part of the book, addressing the curbing of the Kurdish revolt, the economic gains made, and the strengthening of civil society. Nachmani goes on to analyse the prospects for Turkey in the twenty-first century, in the light of the possible integration into Europe, which may leave the country's leadership free to deal effectively with domestic issues.This book will make crucial reading for anyone studying Turkish politics, or indeed European or European Union politics.An electronic edition of this book is freely available under a Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.

Few people are knowledgeable about the history of the Greek Civil War. Often termed the hidden war, this conflict of the late 1940s is still highly controversial and a source of extreme emotion for those Greeks who remember it. This book details the events leading to the outbreak of the war and examines the unique means by which United Nation's intervention was able to restrain a conflict that threatened to engulf the Balkans and southeastern Europe. Nachmani demonstrates how the United Nations Special Committee on the Balkans (UNSCOB)--the first U.N. observation mission--stood out as a success story among the observation and peacekeeping missions of the post-World War II era. The U.N. vigilance in the Balkans is a saga that, up until now, has not been told.Using sources from the United Nations, England, the United States, Holland, and Greece, Amikam Nachmani offers a comprehensive re-creation of the uniquely successful role played by the U.N. in the Greek Civil War. The author contends that U.N. intervention in the civil war, conducted in the Balkans during the late 1940s by a few hundred observers, was a successful peacekeeping operation. This conclusion challenges the generally accepted view of the U.N. as a useless performer in post-World War II civil wars. Students and scholars of history, political science, and diplomacy will find this account of one of the most controversial conflicts in post-World War II history, fascinating reading.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

The triangle described in this book hardly exists in reality. Tripartite relations among Greece, Turkey and Israel, if discernible at all, revolve around the crises which constantly beset the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Even then, it is not a triangle per se: the three states seldom pursue a common policy. This book describes the various bones of contention among the three in all possible spheres—political, economic, religious, etc.—as well as the areas and periods of understanding among them. What emerges quite clearly is the fact that any show of unanimity among Ankara, Athens and Jerusalem was, in the past, likely to rest more on some temporary community of interest than on any inherent belief in the need for unanimity.

Turkey's involvement in the Gulf War in 1991 paved the way for the country's acceptance into the European Union. This book, newly available in paperback, traces that process and in the first part looks at Turkey's foreign policy in the 1990s, considering the ability of the country to withstand the repercussions of the fall of communism. It focuses on Turkey's achievement in halting and minimising the effects of the temporary devaluation in its strategic importance that resulted from the waning of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the skilful way in which Turkey avoided becoming embroiled in the ethnic upheavals in Central Asia, the Balkans and the Middle East, and the development of a continued policy of closer integration into the European and western worlds.Internal politics are the focus of the second part of the book, addressing the curbing of the Kurdish revolt, the economic gains made, and the strengthening of civil society. Nachmani goes on to analyse the prospects for Turkey in the twenty-first century, in the light of the possible integration into Europe, which may leave the country's leadership free to deal effectively with domestic issues.This book will make crucial reading for anyone studying Turkish politics, or indeed European or European Union politics.An electronic edition of this book is freely available under a Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.

The triangle described in this book hardly exists in reality. Tripartite relations among Greece, Turkey and Israel, if discernible at all, revolve around the crises which constantly beset the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Even then, it is not a triangle per se: the three states seldom pursue a common policy. This book describes the various bones of contention among the three in all possible spheres—political, economic, religious, etc.—as well as the areas and periods of understanding among them. What emerges quite clearly is the fact that any show of unanimity among Ankara, Athens and Jerusalem was, in the past, likely to rest more on some temporary community of interest than on any inherent belief in the need for unanimity.

The triangle described in this book hardly exists in reality. Tripartite relations among Greece, Turkey and Israel, if discernible at all, revolve around the crises which constantly beset the Middle East and the East Mediterranean. Even then, it is not a triangle per se: the three states seldom pursue a common policy. This book describes the various bones of contention among the three in all possible spheres—political, economic, religious, etc.—as well as the areas and periods of understanding among them. What emerges quite clearly is the fact that any show of unanimity among Ankara, Athens and Jerusalem was, in the past, likely to rest more on some temporary community of interest than on any inherent belief in the need for unanimity.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

A reconstruction of the proceedings of the "Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry into the problems of European Jewry and Palestine, 1945 to 1946". This study places the inquiry within the wider context of Anglo-American relations in the Middle East.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. Turkey's involvement in the Gulf War in 1991 paved the way for the country's acceptance into the European Union. This book traces that process and in the first part looks at Turkey's foreign policy in the 1990s, considering the ability of the country to withstand the repercussions of the fall of communism. It focuses on Turkey's achievement in halting and minimising the effects of the temporary devaluation in its strategic importance that resulted from the waning of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the skilful way in which Turkey avoided becoming embroiled in the ethnic upheavals in Central Asia, the Balkans and the Middle East, and the development of a continued policy of closer integration into the European and western worlds.Internal politics are the focus of the second part of the book, addressing the curbing of the Kurdish revolt, the economic gains made, and the strengthening of civil society. Nachmani goes on to analyse the prospects for Turkey in the twenty-first century, in the light of the possible integration into Europe, which may leave the country's leadership free to deal effectively with domestic issues.This book will make crucial reading for anyone studying Turkish politics, or indeed European or European Union politics.An electronic edition of this book is freely available under a Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.

Haunted presents: Europeans, Muslim immigrants, and the onus of European Jewish histories is an in-depth analysis of the interrelations between Muslim minority immigrants and local European communities with an accent on Jewish communities and Judaism. The triangular investigation in this work is largely based on media reporting and comment between the years 2005-15. From this basis a solid, informative background to the explosive mass Muslim immigration to Europe and the terror, conflict, racism, religious, social and political clashes of today is framed. No other scholarly work, yet one written in an empirical, attainable style, succeeds in presenting a more comprehensive, coherent and cohesive overview of the elements behind the headline-making news emerging from the tumultuous state which is Europe today.

The presence of Muslim communities in Europe is a politically charged issue. Sporadic attacks by radical Muslims have further highlighted the problem of a deep cultural divide between the Muslims and their host countries. There is, however, no one "Islamic Nation", and a distinction must be made between the radical Muslim minority and secular or practicing Muslims who subscribe neither to the theology nor politics of the radicals. The influx of Muslim immigrants into Europe is rooted in the common human aspiration for a better life. But to date there is no European consensus about how to deal with the political, social, religious, and economic problems associated with their absorption. This book presents a comprehensive picture of the causes and effects of Muslim immigration to the West. It discusses the population explosion in the sending countries, with their declining availability of jobs and increasing desperation. The author highlights the situation of Western countries with their shrinking families and growing workforce shortages, and considers the readiness of the Continent in general and specific countries in particular to allow its Muslim communities access to its culture and wealth or, conversely, to keep them apart. At the heart of the problem lie issues such as the readiness of the immigrants to adapt to European standards and Western culture, Europe's and Christianity's traditional intolerance of "the other", and Islam's fear of loss of its identity. In such a fluid and complex situation, there are few immediate solutions or overriding certainties, but one thing stands out: attitudes of Islamophobia and Europhobia do not adequately explain the situation.

The presence of Muslim communities in Europe is a politically charged issue. Sporadic attacks by radical Muslims have further highlighted the problem of a deep cultural divide between the Muslims and their host countries. There is, however, no one "Islamic Nation", and a distinction must be made between the radical Muslim minority and secular or practicing Muslims who subscribe neither to the theology nor politics of the radicals. The influx of Muslim immigrants into Europe is rooted in the common human aspiration for a better life. But to date there is no European consensus about how to deal with the political, social, religious, and economic problems associated with their absorption. This book presents a comprehensive picture of the causes and effects of Muslim immigration to the West. It discusses the population explosion in the sending countries, with their declining availability of jobs and increasing desperation. The author highlights the situation of Western countries with their shrinking families and growing workforce shortages, and considers the readiness of the Continent in general and specific countries in particular to allow its Muslim communities access to its culture and wealth or, conversely, to keep them apart. At the heart of the problem lie issues such as the readiness of the immigrants to adapt to European standards and Western culture, Europe's and Christianity's traditional intolerance of "the other", and Islam's fear of loss of its identity. In such a fluid and complex situation, there are few immediate solutions or overriding certainties, but one thing stands out: attitudes of Islamophobia and Europhobia do not adequately explain the situation.

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. Turkey's involvement in the Gulf War in 1991 paved the way for the country's acceptance into the European Union. This book traces that process and in the first part looks at Turkey's foreign policy in the 1990s, considering the ability of the country to withstand the repercussions of the fall of communism. It focuses on Turkey's achievement in halting and minimising the effects of the temporary devaluation in its strategic importance that resulted from the waning of the Cold War and the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the skilful way in which Turkey avoided becoming embroiled in the ethnic upheavals in Central Asia, the Balkans and the Middle East, and the development of a continued policy of closer integration into the European and western worlds.Internal politics are the focus of the second part of the book, addressing the curbing of the Kurdish revolt, the economic gains made, and the strengthening of civil society. Nachmani goes on to analyse the prospects for Turkey in the twenty-first century, in the light of the possible integration into Europe, which may leave the country's leadership free to deal effectively with domestic issues.This book will make crucial reading for anyone studying Turkish politics, or indeed European or European Union politics.An electronic edition of this book is freely available under a Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND) licence.