Andre Santos Campos – författare

This book gathers a series of studies by scholars who have dedicated these last few years to research in the field of participatory democracy. Their purpose is precisely to engage in a theoretical discussion about the value of participatory democracy in the 21st century. Part I deals with the challenge of antipolitics. This is one of the greatest challenges faced by contemporary democratic theory: How can it be possible to take into account in political decision-making processes those whose voices issue disagreement with the available alternatives in the exact same political decision-making processes, without simply excluding them provisionally from democratic participation? Part II focuses on challenges to deliberative systems. Deliberative democracy is probably the most important alternative conception of democracy in today’s available literature on the topic, insofar as it responds to a sort of general uneasiness with mere preference aggregation by majoritarian voting, and instead seeks to incorporate the vast spectrum of heterogeneous interests in modern societies in the search for mutually acceptable policies. However, it is also subject to specific theoretical challenges that must be overcome if it is to be taken seriously as a viable alternative for providing better conditions of political participation. Part II deals with some of those challenges, even if in a sympathetic attitude towards deliberative decision-making. Finally, Part III approaches pluralism and cultural diversity in a shared public space. Its main challenge consists in promoting an idea of active citizenship that can meet the demands of a world increasingly defined by the processes of globalization. Ultimately, that is what will end up combining a valid notion of active citizenship with effective decision-making procedures in pluralistic democracies.More than a simple summary of research, Challenges to Democratic Participation is designed to be accessible and useful to a wide variety of audiences, from scholars and practitioners working in numerous disciplines and fields, to activists and average citizens who are interested in seeking a theoretical groundwork for democratic practices; it also intends to enhance current scholarship, serving as a guide to existing research and identifying useful future research.

Intergenerational justice concerns what is owed between members of different generations, including what we existing today owe those who will come to exist in the future. This subfield has become increasingly important in recent years; however, due to the absence of coexistence and other aspects of the intergenerational context, it is often unclear whether and how many ideals of justice apply.Relational egalitarianism - the view that justice requires eliminating certain forms of social hierarchy and realising certain kinds of equal social relationships - may appear particularly problematic in this regard, focused as it is on the quality of social relations. The chapters in this volume examine and take up this issue, with some authors developing and characterising the challenge, showing more precisely what is at stake, whilst others chart possible ways of resisting the challenge. Contributors explore temporal non-overlap arguments, institutional status frameworks, social categories, and power relations across generations.Essential reading for political philosophers, moral theorists, and scholars of democratic theory examining the intersection of equality and intergenerational obligations. The volume advances understanding of both intergenerational justice and relational egalitarianism, offering rich insights for academic researchers and advanced students in political philosophy, ethics, and social theory. This book was originally published as a special issue of Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.

Intergenerational justice concerns what is owed between members of different generations, including what we existing today owe those who will come to exist in the future. This subfield has become increasingly important in recent years; however, due to the absence of coexistence and other aspects of the intergenerational context, it is often unclear whether and how many ideals of justice apply.Relational egalitarianism - the view that justice requires eliminating certain forms of social hierarchy and realising certain kinds of equal social relationships - may appear particularly problematic in this regard, focused as it is on the quality of social relations. The chapters in this volume examine and take up this issue, with some authors developing and characterising the challenge, showing more precisely what is at stake, whilst others chart possible ways of resisting the challenge. Contributors explore temporal non-overlap arguments, institutional status frameworks, social categories, and power relations across generations.Essential reading for political philosophers, moral theorists, and scholars of democratic theory examining the intersection of equality and intergenerational obligations. The volume advances understanding of both intergenerational justice and relational egalitarianism, offering rich insights for academic researchers and advanced students in political philosophy, ethics, and social theory. This book was originally published as a special issue of Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.

Intergenerational justice concerns what is owed between members of different generations, including what we existing today owe those who will come to exist in the future. This subfield has become increasingly important in recent years; however, due to the absence of coexistence and other aspects of the intergenerational context, it is often unclear whether and how many ideals of justice apply.Relational egalitarianism – the view that justice requires eliminating certain forms of social hierarchy and realising certain kinds of equal social relationships – may appear particularly problematic in this regard, focused as it is on the quality of social relations. The chapters in this volume examine and take up this issue, with some authors developing and characterising the challenge, showing more precisely what is at stake, whilst others chart possible ways of resisting the challenge. Contributors explore temporal non-overlap arguments, institutional status frameworks, social categories, and power relations across generations.Essential reading for political philosophers, moral theorists, and scholars of democratic theory examining the intersection of equality and intergenerational obligations. The volume advances understanding of both intergenerational justice and relational egalitarianism, offering rich insights for academic researchers and advanced students in political philosophy, ethics, and social theory. This book was originally published as a special issue of Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy.

This volume collects some of the best writings on Spinoza‘s philosophy of law and includes a critical examination of Spinoza‘s theory of the types of law, his natural law theory, as well as the modern reformulation of his approach to the nature of laws and to natural rights. This collection of essays (some of which are published in the English language for the very first time) shows how Spinoza was able to deliver a revolutionary idea of natural law that breaks away from the traditions of natural law and of legal positivism. The bulk of Spinoza‘s references to law derive from his metaphysical and political texts, but they have sufficient depth in order to form a groundbreaking theory of law that has been somewhat neglected by modern jurisprudence. The volume also features an introduction which places Spinoza‘s writings in the context of modern jurisprudence as well as an extensive bibliography. It is suited to the needs of jurisprudence scholars, teachers and students and is an essential resource for all law libraries; it is also essential to anybody who wishes to engage in Spinoza studies nowadays, whose practical philosophy has received a recent boom in attention by readers throughout the world.

This volume collects some of the best writings on Spinoza‘s philosophy of law and includes a critical examination of Spinoza‘s theory of the types of law, his natural law theory, as well as the modern reformulation of his approach to the nature of laws and to natural rights. This collection of essays (some of which are published in the English language for the very first time) shows how Spinoza was able to deliver a revolutionary idea of natural law that breaks away from the traditions of natural law and of legal positivism. The bulk of Spinoza‘s references to law derive from his metaphysical and political texts, but they have sufficient depth in order to form a groundbreaking theory of law that has been somewhat neglected by modern jurisprudence. The volume also features an introduction which places Spinoza‘s writings in the context of modern jurisprudence as well as an extensive bibliography. It is suited to the needs of jurisprudence scholars, teachers and students and is an essential resource for all law libraries; it is also essential to anybody who wishes to engage in Spinoza studies nowadays, whose practical philosophy has received a recent boom in attention by readers throughout the world.

Traditional institutions are often considered inadequate to govern for the long term as their politicians promote short-term thinking which can harm the future. This book proposes a novel theory of social time perception to address the short-term thinking of traditional institutions which threaten to stifle liberal democracies. The semi-future reconfigures liberal democracies' franchises, representative instruments, deliberative practices, accountability mechanisms, and policymaking to include in the demos all citizens, regardless of age, and holders of representable objective interests in the future. The result is not only a way to legitimise long-term governance but also to improve the quality of current democracies.

Traditional institutions are often considered inadequate to govern for the long term as their politicians promote short-term thinking which can harm the future. This book proposes a novel theory of social time perception to address the short-term thinking of traditional institutions which threaten to stifle liberal democracies. The semi-future reconfigures liberal democracies’ franchises, representative instruments, deliberative practices, accountability mechanisms, and policymaking to include in the demos all citizens, regardless of age, and holders of representable objective interests in the future. The result is not only a way to legitimise long-term governance but also to improve the quality of current democracies.

This volume collects some of the best writings on Spinoza’s philosophy of law and includes a critical examination of Spinoza’s theory of the types of law, his natural law theory, as well as the modern reformulation of his approach to the nature of laws and to natural rights. This collection of essays (some of which are published in the English language for the very first time) shows how Spinoza was able to deliver a revolutionary idea of natural law that breaks away from the traditions of natural law and of legal positivism. The bulk of Spinoza’s references to law derive from his metaphysical and political texts, but they have sufficient depth in order to form a groundbreaking theory of law that has been somewhat neglected by modern jurisprudence. The volume also features an introduction which places Spinoza’s writings in the context of modern jurisprudence as well as an extensive bibliography. It is suited to the needs of jurisprudence scholars, teachers and students and is an essential resource for all law libraries; it is also essential to anybody who wishes to engage in Spinoza studies nowadays, whose practical philosophy has received a recent boom in attention by readers throughout the world.

Sovereignty as Value is one of the first books to examine sovereignty using solely a normative approach. Through fourteen original essays, the book seeks to understand its viability in a globalized world, thus taking into account the inclusion of a language of rights, limitation and legitimacy. The authors’ focus is on whether sovereignty as a normative concept might be understood as a criterion of legitimate power and authority; as a foundational concept of public ethics applied to political and legal institutions. How should notions of legitimacy be linked with the notion of sovereignty? In what manner is sovereignty challenged by territoriality and territorial control? How does sovereignty relate to political legitimacy? Are all the forms of sovereign authority legitimate? Does the project of advancing human rights globally conflict with the logic of exclusion inherent in the classic notion of national sovereignty? These are some of the questions that will be assessed in this collective volume.

Machiavelli is chiefly known for The Prince, but his main considerations on politics are found in his later work Discourses on Livy. Despite this book's historical and theoretical importance, its complexity, length and style have often discouraged new readers and interpreters of Machiavelli from engaging with it. For this reason, the Discourses has not been given the attention it deserves. This volume of newly commissioned essays by some of the world’s leading Machiavelli experts seeks to remedy this deficiency. It is the first collective volume dedicated specifically to this profound work, covering topics such as Machiavelli’s republicanism, the relation between liberty and tyranny, the role of religion, Machiavelli’s conception of history, his writing style, his view of society as a plural and conflictive body, his suggestion of how a free state should be organized, and his notions of people and virtù.Contributors: Jérémie Barthas, Thomas Berns, Alessandro Campi, J. Patrick Coby, Marie Gaille, Marco Geuna, Mark Jurdjevic, Cary J. Nederman, Gabriele Pedullà, Diogo Pires Aurélio, Fabio Raimondi, Andre Santos Campos, Miguel Vatter, and Camila Vergara.