Andreas Kirsch - Böcker

The factorization method is a relatively new method for solving certain types of inverse scattering problems and problems in tomography. Aimed at students and researchers in Applied Mathematics, Physics and Engineering, this text introduces the reader to this promising approach for solving important classes of inverse problems. The wide applicability of this method is discussed by choosing typical examples, such as inverse scattering problems for the scalar Helmholtz equation, a scattering problem for Maxwell's equation, and a problem in impedance and optical tomography. The last section of the book compares the Factorization Method to established sampling methods (the Linear Sampling Method, the Singular Source Method, and the Probe Method).

This book considers problems of optimization arising in the design of electromagnetic radiators and receivers. The authors develop a systematic general theory that can be applied to a wide class of structures. The theory is illustrated with familiar, simple examples and indications of how the results can be applied to more complicated structures. The final chapter introduces techniques from multicriteria optimization in antenna design. The material is intended for a dual audience of mathematicians and mathematically-sophisticated engineers. References to both the mathematics and engineering literature help guide the reader through the necessary mathematical background.

The subject of antenna design, primarily a discipline within electrical en- neering, is devoted to the manipulation of structural elements of and/or the electrical currents present on a physical object capable of supporting such a current. Almost as soon as one begins to look at the subject, it becomes clear that there are interesting mathematical problems which need to be addressed, in the ?rst instance, simply for the accurate modelling of the electromagnetic ?elds produced by an antenna. The description of the electromagnetic ?elds depends on the physical structure and the background environment in which thedeviceistooperate. It is the coincidence of a class of practical engineering applications and theapplicationofsomeinterestingmathematicaloptimizationtechniquesthat is the motivation for the present book. For this reason, we have thought it worthwhile to collect some of the problems that have inspired our research in appliedmathematics,andtopresenttheminsuchawaythattheymayappeal to two di?erent audiences: mathematicians who are experts in the theory of mathematical optimization and who are interested in a less familiar and importantareaofapplication,andengineerswho,confrontedwithproblemsof increasing sophistication, are interested in seeing a systematic mathematical approach to problems of interest to them. We hope that we have found the right balance to be of interest to both audiences. It is a di?cult task. Our ability to produce these devices at all, most designed for a part- ular purpose, leads quite soon to a desire to optimize the design in various ways. The mathematical problems associated with attempts to optimize p- formance can become quite sophisticated even for simple physical structures.

This book introduces the reader to the area of inverse problems. The study of inverse problems is of vital interest to many areas of science and technology such as geophysical exploration, system identification, nondestructive testing and ultrasonic tomography. The aim of this book is twofold: in the first part, the reader is exposed to the basic notions and difficulties encountered with ill-posed problems. Basic properties of regularization methods for linear ill-posed problems are studied by means of several simple analytical and numerical examples.The second part of the book presents two special nonlinear inverse problems in detail - the inverse spectral problem and the inverse scattering problem. The corresponding direct problems are studied with respect to existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence on parameters. Then some theoretical results as well as numerical procedures for the inverse problems are discussed. The choice of material and its presentation in the book are new, thus making it particularly suitable for graduate students. Basic knowledge of real analysis is assumed.In this new edition, the Factorization Method is included as one of the prominent members in this monograph. Since the Factorization Method is particularly simple for the problem of EIT and this field has attracted a lot of attention during the past decade a chapter on EIT has been added in this monograph as Chapter 5 while the chapter on inverse scattering theory is now Chapter 6.The main changes of this second edition compared to the first edition concern only Chapters 5 and 6 and the Appendix A. Chapter 5 introduces  the reader to the inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography.

The book also presents three special nonlinear inverse problems in detail: the inverse spectral problem, the inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and the inverse scattering problem.

The book also presents three special nonlinear inverse problems in detail: the inverse spectral problem, the inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and the inverse scattering problem.

This book gives a concise introduction to the basic techniques needed for the theoretical analysis of the Maxwell Equations, and filters in an elegant way the essential parts, e.g., concerning the various function spaces needed to rigorously investigate the boundary integral equations and variational equations. The book arose from lectures taught by the authors over many years and can  be helpful in designing graduate courses for mathematically orientated students on electromagnetic wave propagation problems. The students should have some knowledge on vector analysis (curves, surfaces, divergence theorem) and functional analysis (normed spaces, Hilbert spaces, linear and bounded operators, dual space). Written in an accessible manner, topics are first approached with simpler scale Helmholtz Equations before turning to Maxwell Equations. There are examples and exercises throughout the book. It will be useful for graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics and engineers working in the theoretical approach to electromagnetic wave propagation.

This contributed volume contains a collection of articles on state-of-the-art developments on the construction of theoretical integral techniques and their application to specific problems in science and engineering.  Written by internationally recognized researchers, the chapters in this book are based on talks given at the Thirteenth International Conference on Integral Methods in Science and Engineering, held July 21–25, 2014, in Karlsruhe, Germany. A broad range of topics is addressed, from problems of existence and uniqueness for singular integral equations on domain boundaries to numerical integration via finite and boundary elements, conservation laws, hybrid methods, and other quadrature-related approaches. This collection will be of interest to researchers in applied mathematics, physics, and mechanical and electrical engineering, as well as graduate students in these disciplines and other professionals for whom integration is an essential tool.

This contributed volume contains a collection of articles on state-of-the-art developments on the construction of theoretical integral techniques and their application to specific problems in science and engineering.