Anish Mathuria – författare

2.1 Web Application Vulnerabilities Many web application vulnerabilities havebeenwell documented andthemi- gation methods havealso beenintroduced [1]. The most common cause ofthose vulnerabilities isthe insu?cient input validation. Any data originated from o- side of the program code, forexample input data provided by user through a web form, shouldalwaysbeconsidered malicious andmustbesanitized before use.SQLInjection, Remote code execution orCross-site Scriptingarethe very common vulnerabilities ofthattype [3]. Below isabrief introduction toSQL- jection vulnerability though the security testingmethodpresented in thispaper is not limited toit. SQLinjectionvulnerabilityallowsanattackertoillegallymanipulatedatabase byinjectingmalicious SQL codes into the values of input parameters of http requests sentto the victim web site. 1: Fig.1. An example of a program written in PHP which contains SQL Injection v- nerability Figure 1 showsaprogram that uses the database query function mysql query togetuserinformationcorrespondingtothe userspeci?edby the GETinput- rameterusername andthen printtheresultto the clientbrowser.Anormalhttp request with the input parameter username looks like "http://example.com/ index.php?username=bob". The dynamically created database query at line2 is "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='bob' AND usertype='user'". Thisprogram is vulnerabletoSQLInjection attacks because mysql query uses the input value of username without sanitizingmalicious codes. A malicious code can be a stringthatcontains SQL symbols ork- words.Ifan attacker sendarequest with SQL code ('alice'-') - jected "http://example.com/index.php?username=alice'-", the query becomes "SELECT* FROM users WHERE username='alice'--' AND usertype='user'".

Protocols for authentication and key establishment are the foundation for security of communications. The range and diversity of these protocols is immense, while the properties and vulnerabilities of different protocols can vary greatly.This is the first comprehensive and integrated treatment of these protocols. It allows researchers and practitioners to quickly access a protocol for their needs and become aware of existing protocols which have been broken in the literature.As well as a clear and uniform presentation of the protocols this book includes a description of all the main attack types and classifies most protocols in terms of their properties and resource requirements. It also includes tutorial material suitable for graduate students.

This book is the most comprehensive and integrated treatment of the protocols required for authentication and key establishment. In a clear, uniform presentation the authors classify most protocols in terms of their properties and resource requirements, and describe all the main attack types, so the reader can quickly evaluate protocols for particular applications.In this edition the authors introduced new chapters and updated the text throughout in response to new developments and updated standards. The first chapter, an introduction to authentication and key establishment, provides the necessary background on cryptography, attack scenarios, and protocol goals. A new chapter, computational security models, describes computational models for key exchange and authentication and will help readers understand what a computational proof provides and how to compare the different computational models in use. In the subsequent chapters the authors explain protocols that use sharedkey cryptography, authentication and key transport using public key cryptography, key agreement protocols, the Transport Layer Security protocol, identity-based key agreement, password-based protocols, and group key establishment.The book is a suitable graduate-level introduction, and a reference and overview for researchers and practitioners with 225 concrete protocols described. In the appendices the authors list and summarize the relevant standards, linking them to the main book text when appropriate, and they offer a short tutorial on how to build a key establishment protocol. The book also includes a list of protocols, a list of attacks, a summary of the notation used in the book, general and protocol indexes, and an extensive bibliography.