Anita Schöbel - Böcker

Customer-Oriented Optimization in Public Transportation develops models, results and algorithms for optimizing public transportation from a customer-oriented point of view. The methods used are based on graph-theoretic approaches and integer programming. The specific topics are all motivated by real-world examples which occurred in practical projects. An appendix summarizes some of the basics of optimization needed to interpret the material in the book.In detail, the topics the book covers in its three parts are as follows:1. Stop location. Does it make sense to open new stations along existing bus or railway lines? If yes, in which locations? The problem is modeled as a continuous covering problem. To solve it the author develops a finite dominating set and shows that efficient methods are possible if the special structure of the covering matrix is used.2. Delay management. Should a train wait for delayed feeder trains or should it depart in time? The author builds up two different integer programming models and a model based on project planning methods. Properties and solution methods are developed.3. Tariff planning. Part 3 deals with the design of zone tariff systems, in which the fare is determined by the number of zones used by the passengers. The author presents a model for this problem and approaches based on clustering theory.

Line and hyperplane location problems play an important role not only in operations research and location theory, but also in computational geometry and robust statistics. This book provides a survey on line and hyperplane location combining analytical and geometrical methods. The major portion of the text presents new results on this topic, including the extension of some special cases to all distances derived from norms and a discussion of restricted problems in the plane. Almost all results are proven in the text and most of them are illustrated by examples. Furthermore, relations to classical facility location and to problems in computational geometry are pointed out.

Customer-Oriented Optimization in Public Transportation develops models, results and algorithms for optimizing public transportation from a customer-oriented point of view. The methods used are based on graph-theoretic approaches and integer programming. The specific topics are all motivated by real-world examples which occurred in practical projects. An appendix summarizes some of the basics of optimization needed to interpret the material in the book.In detail, the topics the book covers in its three parts are as follows:1. Stop location. Does it make sense to open new stations along existing bus or railway lines? If yes, in which locations? The problem is modeled as a continuous covering problem. To solve it the author develops a finite dominating set and shows that efficient methods are possible if the special structure of the covering matrix is used.2. Delay management. Should a train wait for delayed feeder trains or should it depart in time? The author builds up two different integer programming models and a model based on project planning methods. Properties and solution methods are developed.3. Tariff planning. Part 3 deals with the design of zone tariff systems, in which the fare is determined by the number of zones used by the passengers. The author presents a model for this problem and approaches based on clustering theory.

Line and hyperplane location problems play an important role not only in operations research and location theory, but also in computational geometry and robust statistics. This book provides a survey on line and hyperplane location combining analytical and geometrical methods. The major portion of the text presents new results on this topic, including the extension of some special cases to all distances derived from norms and a discussion of restricted problems in the plane. Almost all results are proven in the text and most of them are illustrated by examples. Furthermore, relations to classical facility location and to problems in computational geometry are pointed out. Audience: The book is suitable for researchers, lecturers, and graduate students working in the fields of location theory or computational geometry.

This book offers a leisurely introduction to the concepts and methods of machine learning. Readers will learn about classification trees, Bayesian learning, neural networks and deep learning, the design of experiments, and related methods. For ease of reading, technical details are avoided as far as possible, and there is a particular emphasis on applicability, interpretation, reliability and limitations of the data-analytic methods in practice. To cover the common availability and types of data in engineering, training sets consisting of independent as well as time series data are considered. To cope with the scarceness of data in industrial problems, augmentation of training sets by additional artificial data, generated from physical models, as well as the combination of machine learning and expert knowledge of engineers are discussed.The methodological exposition is accompanied by several detailed case studies based on industrial projects covering a broad range of engineering applications from vehicle manufacturing, process engineering and design of materials to optimization of production processes based on image analysis.The focus is on fundamental ideas, applicability and the pitfalls of machine learning in industry and science, where data are often scarce. Requiring only very basic background in statistics, the book is ideal for self-study or short courses for engineering and science students.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the Clausthal-Göttingen International Workshop on Simulation Science, held in Göttingen, Germany, in April 2017. The 16 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on  simulation and optimization in networks, simulation of materials, distributed simulations.

This state-of-the-art survey features papers that were selected after an open call following the International Dagstuhl Seminar on Algorithmic Methods for Railway Optimization. The second part of the volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Algorithmic Methods and Models for Optimization of Railways. The 17 full papers presented here were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions.