Antonio Scalia – författare

Equations of Mathematical Diffraction Theory focuses on the comparative analysis and development of efficient analytical methods for solving equations of mathematical diffraction theory. Following an overview of some general properties of integral and differential operators in the context of the linear theory of diffraction processes, the authors provide estimates of the operator norms for various ranges of the wave number variation, and then examine the spectral properties of these operators. They also present a new analytical method for constructing asymptotic solutions of boundary integral equations in mathematical diffraction theory for the high-frequency case.Clearly demonstrating the close connection between heuristic and rigorous methods in mathematical diffraction theory, this valuable book provides you with the differential and integral equations that can easily be used in practical applications.

Equations of Mathematical Diffraction Theory focuses on the comparative analysis and development of efficient analytical methods for solving equations of mathematical diffraction theory. Following an overview of some general properties of integral and differential operators in the context of the linear theory of diffraction processes, the authors provide estimates of the operator norms for various ranges of the wave number variation, and then examine the spectral properties of these operators. They also present a new analytical method for constructing asymptotic solutions of boundary integral equations in mathematical diffraction theory for the high-frequency case.Clearly demonstrating the close connection between heuristic and rigorous methods in mathematical diffraction theory, this valuable book provides you with the differential and integral equations that can easily be used in practical applications.

The theory of thermoelasticity studies the interaction between thermal and mechan­ ical fields in elastic bodies. This theory is of interest both for the mathematical and technical point of view. Intense interest has been shown recently in this field owing to the great practical importance of dynamical effects in aeronautics, nu­ clear reactors, and its potential importance in cryogenic applications. This work is concerned mainly with basic problems of the theory of thermoelasticity. Ther­ moelasticity of polar materials and the theories of thermoelasticity with finite wave speeds are not considered here. The reader interested in these subjects will find a full account in the works of Nowacki [280], Chandrasekharaiah [60] and Ignaczak [195]. Our purpose in this work is to present a systematic treatment of some results established in the theory of thermoelasticity. On the whole, the subject matter is directed towards recent developments. Chapter 1 is concerned mainly with the development of the fundamental equa­ tions of the theory of thermoelasticity. The kinematics and primitive concepts associated with the basic principles are developed and emphasized only to the ex­ tent that they are needed in our treatment of the subject. Chapter 2 is devoted to a study of linear thermoelastic deformations for prestressed bodies. We have at­ tempted to isolate those conceptual and mathematical difficulties which arise over and above those inherent in the problems concerned with unstressed bodies.

Financial risk management for institutional investors has recently grown in scope to include long-term sustainability considerations and climate change risk concerns. This book shows how a national central bank in the Eurosystem has adapted its financial risk management principles and practices against the background of non-conventional monetary policy measures and following the introduction of sustainability criteria, with a special role for carbon-neutrality. The topics covered include a market-based approach to evaluating credit risk, the development of an independent credit rating system, and the properties and limitations of agencies’ sovereign ratings. Furthermore, the book analyzes the integration of sustainability principles into strategic asset allocation and describes the use of machine learning techniques for discerning the role of the E, S and G variables in equity returns. The authors also discuss the growth of the global green bond market and the greenium, as well as the sustainability indicators for large portfolios of corporate and government securities. Given its scope, the book will appeal to all professionals working in the field who would like to know the state-of-the-art in these areas.

Financial risk management for institutional investors has recently grown in scope to include long-term sustainability considerations and climate change risk concerns. This book shows how a national central bank in the Eurosystem has adapted its financial risk management principles and practices against the background of non-conventional monetary policy measures and following the introduction of sustainability criteria, with a special role for carbon-neutrality. The topics covered include a market-based approach to evaluating credit risk, the development of an independent credit rating system, and the properties and limitations of agencies’ sovereign ratings. Furthermore, the book analyzes the integration of sustainability principles into strategic asset allocation and describes the use of machine learning techniques for discerning the role of the E, S and G variables in equity returns. The authors also discuss the growth of the global green bond market and the greenium, as well as the sustainability indicators for large portfolios of corporate and government securities. Given its scope, the book will appeal to all professionals working in the field who would like to know the state-of-the-art in these areas.

This book presents cutting-edge methodologies, including AI techniques, for corporate credit analysis as developed for the in-house credit assessment system (ICAS) of Banca d’Italia. The first part illustrates the methods, applications and use cases of the existing system, that is employed to evaluate a large sample of Italian non-financial companies. The second part presents the rating systems in use at commercial banks and provides a benchmarking exercise of the latter systems against the ratings produced by ICAS. The third part presents new developments of the system, including the evaluation of climate transition risk, climate physical risk, social and governance factors, cyber risk, sentiment analysis. The book illustrates all state-of-the-art AI applications developed for ICAS, providing practical examples and empirical results."Scalia and colleagues at the Bank of Italy (BOI) provide a well written and important commentary report that shows that a  blend of classical, statistical models for corporate credit analysis combined with modern technological additions, such as AI, machine learning and ESG variables can promote value-added coverage and accuracy. We have also tested these credit enhancements using large language AI models, especially when analyzing global SME, privately owned firms -- so important to the health of most economies. Also, the blend of such techniques to the more opaque, growing private debt market can be a major analytical addition. BOI's extensive and unique databases and a talented group of analysts have made these enhancements possible."— Dr. Edward I. Altman, Professor Emeritus at the NYU Stern School of Business and Co-Founder of Wiserfunding, Ltd.

This book presents cutting-edge methodologies, including AI techniques, for corporate credit analysis as developed for the in-house credit assessment system (ICAS) of Banca d’Italia. The first part illustrates the methods, applications and use cases of the existing system, that is employed to evaluate a large sample of Italian non-financial companies. The second part presents the rating systems in use at commercial banks and provides a benchmarking exercise of the latter systems against the ratings produced by ICAS. The third part presents new developments of the system, including the evaluation of climate transition risk, climate physical risk, social and governance factors, cyber risk, sentiment analysis. The book illustrates all state-of-the-art AI applications developed for ICAS, providing practical examples and empirical results."e;Scalia and colleagues at the Bank of Italy (BOI) provide a well written and important commentary report that shows that a  blend of classical, statistical models for corporate credit analysis combined with modern technological additions, such as AI, machine learning and ESG variables can promote value-added coverage and accuracy. We have also tested these credit enhancements using large language AI models, especially when analyzing global SME, privately owned firms -- so important to the health of most economies. Also, the blend of such techniques to the more opaque, growing private debt market can be a major analytical addition. BOI's extensive and unique databases and a talented group of analysts have made these enhancements possible."e;— Dr. Edward I. Altman, Professor Emeritus at the NYU Stern School of Business and Co-Founder of Wiserfunding, Ltd.

The theory of thermoelasticity studies the interaction between thermal and mechan­ ical fields in elastic bodies. This theory is of interest both for the mathematical and technical point of view. Intense interest has been shown recently in this field owing to the great practical importance of dynamical effects in aeronautics, nu­ clear reactors, and its potential importance in cryogenic applications. This work is concerned mainly with basic problems of the theory of thermoelasticity. Ther­ moelasticity of polar materials and the theories of thermoelasticity with finite wave speeds are not considered here. The reader interested in these subjects will find a full account in the works of Nowacki [280], Chandrasekharaiah [60] and Ignaczak [195]. Our purpose in this work is to present a systematic treatment of some results established in the theory of thermoelasticity. On the whole, the subject matter is directed towards recent developments. Chapter 1 is concerned mainly with the development of the fundamental equa­ tions of the theory of thermoelasticity. The kinematics and primitive concepts associated with the basic principles are developed and emphasized only to the ex­ tent that they are needed in our treatment of the subject. Chapter 2 is devoted to a study of linear thermoelastic deformations for prestressed bodies. We have at­ tempted to isolate those conceptual and mathematical difficulties which arise over and above those inherent in the problems concerned with unstressed bodies.