Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Psychology - Social Psychology, grade: 1,6, University of Paderborn, language: English, abstract: The so called nudging or setting defaults are getting more and more common. After the United Kingdom and the United States of America, Germany also got a nudging unit to affect laws by behavioral economic founding. Many aid organizations often struggle to collect enough donations in order to provide the help that is needed. By learning more about the donation behavior of individuals this problem might be solved. This study tries to find possible connections between donation behavior and default option problems. A lot of previous studies in behavioral economics show that setting defaults to opt-out are significantly influencing the behavior of the participants. Our experiment should analyze these findings concerning giving donations to charity organizations. We want to investigate if there are differences in donation between the opt-in and opt-out options. For that, we will conduct selling Berliner at two booths. At the first booth we will set the default 1 and ask for a 0.50 donation on top. At the second table we will set the default 1.50 with the opportunity, not to pay the 0.50 for donation, if the participant does not want to. First, we will build a theoretical framework for our study in which different default option studies will be introduced. Furthermore, a hypothesis is constructed following the results of these previous studies. Following our argumentation, it is hypothesized that the number of donations should be higher in the case of opt-out than in the case of opt-in. After the overall framework is explained, our experiment will be described in detail. At first the overall environment, structure and design of the experiment is described. Following, the implementations are stated. In the next chapter an analysis of our results is conducted. In the beginning our findings are presented in a number of charts and figures. Subsequently, these findings are analyzed and dis-cussed with a critical point of view. Possible improvements are mentioned and problems that occurred during the experiment described. At last an overall conclusion will be drawn with suggestions for further Research.

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Economics - Job market economics, grade: 2,0, , language: English, abstract: In common theory labor is often treated like a normal commodity. This point of view is represented by neo-classical economists. Resulting in their general statement that markets - including the labor market - are driven only by supply and demand thus regulating themselves. Hence there is no space for any external interventions which due to the neo-classical opinion always have a negative effect. This provoking statement leads to the question whether this scenario can be observed in real world. Based on the book "e;Debunking Economics"e; by Steve Keen the following research paper wants to provide a differentiated view concerning labor and how it can be treated in the economy. The first part of the dissemination paper reviews the neo-classical perspectives on the labor market followed by a reproduction of Keen s critical review concerning the neo-classical theory and his own elaboration of the labor market. The principle part concentrates on the treatment of labor force in the labor market and the possible outcome of several policies such as introducing or altering minimum wages, unemployment insurance (UI) and trade unions. Regarding to the research question whether an impact of the government has positive or negative impact on the labor market, the aim is to establish a link between labor market regulations, economic policies and theory. In this context the analysis shows what theory suggests and which outcomes can be observed by implementing regulations derived from theory. Finally the paper sums up the most important results and points out unanswered aspects which could be further discussed and analyzed to evaluate the impacts of external interventions on the labor market more precisely.

Seminar paper from the year 2016 in the subject Psychology - Social Psychology, grade: 1,6, University of Paderborn, language: English, abstract: The so called nudging or setting defaults are getting more and more common. After the United Kingdom and the United States of America, Germany also got a nudging unit to affect laws by behavioral economic founding. Many aid organizations often struggle to collect enough donations in order to provide the help that is needed. By learning more about the donation behavior of individuals this problem might be solved. This study tries to find possible connections between donation behavior and default option problems. A lot of previous studies in behavioral economics show that setting defaults to opt-out are significantly influencing the behavior of the participants. Our experiment should analyze these findings concerning giving donations to charity organizations. We want to investigate if there are differences in donation between the opt-in and opt-out options. For that, we will conduct selling Berliner at two booths. At the first booth we will set the default 1 and ask for a 0.50 donation on top. At the second table we will set the default 1.50 with the opportunity, not to pay the 0.50 for donation, if the participant does not want to. First, we will build a theoretical framework for our study in which different default option studies will be introduced. Furthermore, a hypothesis is constructed following the results of these previous studies. Following our argumentation, it is hypothesized that the number of donations should be higher in the case of opt-out than in the case of opt-in. After the overall framework is explained, our experiment will be described in detail. At first the overall environment, structure and design of the experiment is described. Following, the implementations are stated. In the next chapter an analysis of our results is conducted. In the beginning our findings are presented in a number of charts and figures. Subsequently, these findings are analyzed and dis-cussed with a critical point of view. Possible improvements are mentioned and problems that occurred during the experiment described. At last an overall conclusion will be drawn with suggestions for further Research.

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Economics - Job market economics, grade: 2,0, , language: English, abstract: In common theory labor is often treated like a normal commodity. This point of view is represented by neo-classical economists. Resulting in their general statement that markets - including the labor market - are driven only by supply and demand thus regulating themselves. Hence there is no space for any external interventions which due to the neo-classical opinion always have a negative effect. This provoking statement leads to the question whether this scenario can be observed in real world. Based on the book "e;Debunking Economics"e; by Steve Keen the following research paper wants to provide a differentiated view concerning labor and how it can be treated in the economy. The first part of the dissemination paper reviews the neo-classical perspectives on the labor market followed by a reproduction of Keen s critical review concerning the neo-classical theory and his own elaboration of the labor market. The principle part concentrates on the treatment of labor force in the labor market and the possible outcome of several policies such as introducing or altering minimum wages, unemployment insurance (UI) and trade unions. Regarding to the research question whether an impact of the government has positive or negative impact on the labor market, the aim is to establish a link between labor market regulations, economic policies and theory. In this context the analysis shows what theory suggests and which outcomes can be observed by implementing regulations derived from theory. Finally the paper sums up the most important results and points out unanswered aspects which could be further discussed and analyzed to evaluate the impacts of external interventions on the labor market more precisely.