Barbara Janusz-Pohl - Böcker

Juvenile Justice Systems outlines options for shaping the juvenile liability models, in the form of model-patterns: the welfare model, the justice model, the rehabilitative treatment model, the restorative justice model, and different mixed models, especially the so-called “4xD formula.” This comparative work consists of 4 parts, describing the general issues of juvenile criminal liability and characterizing three mixed models: the Polish, the Brazilian and the Portuguese. The comparison of three systems severely influenced by welfare ideas is seen as an innovative element of the presented work. The critical, theoretical analysis contributes to the reflection on the modelling of juvenile justice systems. Therefore, it may be of particular interest to legal researchers and practitioners.

This book discusses the fundamental issues of public law in the area of statelessness from the perspectives of comparative law and international law standards. The author proposes an approach in which statelessness is not a homogeneous concept but is best analysed and responded to through the lens of different categories of statelessness. This accounts not only for the existence of different categories of stateless persons (e.g., voluntary or involuntary) but also for different assessments and needs of their respective situations for purposes such as prevention mechanisms. The book demonstrates the conceptual and regulatory relevance of this important differential aspect of the international law on statelessness (with implications for domestic legal systems).

The monograph discusses the problem of aerial terrorism, one of the biggest challenges humanity faces in the 21st century. Its main goal is to answer the question of whether international legal regulations serve as an effective tool in the fight against terrorists who target civil aviation.The book itself is divided into three chapters: the first one focuses on the theoretical aspect by describing the term “aerial terrorism” itself from a legal perspective. The second one is an in-depth overview of key legal instruments drafted under the auspices of ICAO, the United Nations, and the European Union, that together form a juridical core for the fight against air terrorists. Finally, the third is a case study that depicts how the mechanisms described in the previous parts function in practice.

The monograph aims to verify the thesis that the language rights of European Union citizens are an important element of the EU’s respect for the national identities of its Member States guaranteed in the Treaties. The protection of these rights has been consistently strengthened in EU law, with citizenship of the Union playing an important role in this process.The formulated thesis is verified mainly through the use of the dogmatic and legal methods, and the comparative legal method. The specific nature of the subject matter discussed requires an interdisciplinary approach, and the methods used in the field of linguistics are also applied mainly with reference to the conceptual apparatus adopted within the EU legal order.

Drones, like any new technology, give rise to many challenges that require discussion and solutions. Their integration with the manned aviation system is one of the most important challenges for the future of aviation and requires the development of regulations regulating related issues to their use. As part of the monograph, the current safety regulations in civil aviation were analyzed in terms of assessing their application to drone opera-tions and analyzing of all those issues that should be taken into account when creating legal regulations for the use of drones. In addition, an in-depth analysis of issues such as the protection of the right to privacy, protection of property rights, liability for damage caused by drones, liability insurance was made.

The following monograph is the culmination of the collaborative efforts of dedicated researchers within the Effective Justice International and Comparative Approaches Platform. The book captures works on the effectiveness of evidentiary issues, summary and abbreviated proceedings, as well as those related to the issue of access to an effective remedy. The common theme throughout the collection is the concept of effectiveness. Within the framework of the EJ Platform, effectiveness was the primary focus, and its meaning was outlined against the background of other closely related terms such as efficacy, effectivity, or efficiency. The effectiveness presented in this collection's chapters is seen in a multi-layered dimension related to the achievement of the goals inherent to a given procedure, institution, or process activity.

One of the constitutional obligations of states is the defence of human rights. Such state activities encompass providing free pre-litigation legal aid. In search for solutions allowing to improve Polish model, the authors employed a comparative method. As a result, they analysed solutions adopted in international law, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United Kingdom.Swedish law is an example of a system with a rich legislative history in the area of free legal aid and contemporary solutions based on the model of legal aid with a “discount”. The choice of Ukraine was based on the fact that its regulations are very modern, elastic and put to the ultimate test of war. The United Kingdom was chosen as an example of a country with a common law system, where pre-litigation-free legal aid has its unique form based on grant financing.In the summary of the book, the authors strive for presenting the proposal of a model of free pre-litigation legal aid for the polish legal system based on the experience of compared legal systems.

In the book, the author presented the results of several years of empirical studies conducted in Polish common courts. On the basis of an analysis of 250 observed and recorded trials, conducted as part of various court proceedings (criminal, civil, insurance, etc.), the author outlined a picture of the trial as a communication occurrence, in which persons with various levels of communication competence are involved in the interaction. Among other things, the book answers the questions: “How does the communication process between a judge and a non-professional participant proceed?”, “Implementation of which communication activities cause the greatest difficulty for non-professional participants?” and “How do judges try to counteract these difficulties?”.

At the beginning of 2020, the Polish justice system faced an unprecedented challenge due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The need to reduce face-to-face contact, limit the activities of public institutions and introduce remote work forced the legislator to fundamentally restructure the model of civil proceedings. This book describes the changes to the law introduced between 2020 and 2024 in the field of civil proceedings, focusing on the COVID-19 Special Act. The research objective was to analyse the provisions introduced in the COVID-19 Special Act and to verify whether they comply with the standard of a fair trial under the Polish Constitution, the ECHR and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU. The aim of the study was also to analyse the practice of application of the discussed institutions by the courts and to assess whether they should become a permanent part of Polish law after the pandemic, and under what conditions.