Brijesh Kumar - Böcker

Rauvolfia species, commonly known as Sarpagandha, has been traditionally used in Ayurveda for curing high blood pressure, hypertension, snake bites, fever, and mental illnesses. Due to its wide variety and differences in chemical composition, it is necessary to develop an efficient and reliable method for rapid screening and determination of phytochemicals in the extracts of the Rauvolfia species. This book will provide qualitative and quantitative comparative phytochemical investigations of selected medicinal plants from the Rauvolfia genus using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques. The results will help in assuring the efficacy and safety of Rauvolfia herbal products.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of important medicinal plants. Discusses chemical signatures for the identification of Rauvolfia (Sarpagandha) and its products. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of Rauvolfia and its products.

Piper betle (betel vine) a pan-Asiatic, tropical plant, which can also grow under mild subtropical areas, is essentially grown for leaves which are chewed with array of additives besides slaked lime. The plant is cultivated widely in India and its surrounding areas. Phytochemistry of Piper betel landraces presents a brief on the distribution, historical and cultural aspects, and properties ascribed to this plant in the ancient texts. Phytochemical and pharmacological information has also been included to underscore the importance of this plant in the present time. A detailed account on metabolic profiling employing modern methods is included, such as real-time, direct analysis of the flight mass spectrometric method and chemometric analysis for characterization of the available biodiversity and signatures specific to gender and geographical location. It was also possible to identify the gender of unknown landraces, with the help of principal component analysis.Features: Elaborates on the chemical diversity within Piper betle. Piper betle leaves have mouth freshening antimicrobial compounds. Use of chemical signatures for the identification of different Piper betle landraces, their gender and geographical locations.

Tinospora cordifolia stem is used as a tonic, vitalizer, and as a remedy for metabolic disorders to treat allergies, diabetes, dysentery, jaundice, heart diseases, leprosy, rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and urinary disorders. It shows anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic actions and immunosuppressive effects. This book focuses on providing gender and geographical location-based differences in the phytoconstituents of T. cordifolia by the liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method. These methods have potential use in the quality control of T. cordifolia and the screening of herbal preparations.Features: Compilation of ayurvedic features of one of the most important plants of the Indian system of medicines. Useful for all ayurvedic practitioners, researchers, faculty, students, and herbal product manufacturers. Application of advance hyphenated LC-MS techniques for variation study in phytoconstituents.

Ocimum species has been used as a traditional remedy for various ailments such as arthritis, bronchitis, cold, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dysentery, and flatulence, as well as for healing wounds and lowering blood glucose level. These are characterized by variations in their morphology such as the shape, size and pigmentation of leaves, which cause differences in chemical composition and affect the commercial value of this genus. This book describes phytochemical investigations of Ocimum species using LC-MS/MS instruments to study qualitative and quantitative variations of phytochemicals in different Ocimum species.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific analytical and pharmacological evidence of most important medicinal plants of genus Ocimum. Chemical signatures for the identification of Ocimum species. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of plants of Ocimum species and its herbal products.

Several Phyllanthus species are widely used in traditional medicine and herbal formulation for the treatment of a variety of ailments such as flu, dropsy, diabetes, jaundice and bladder calculus. The medicinal properties of these species are due to the presence of lignans, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids. Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin are the major lignans from Phyllanthus species having estrogenic properties that reduce toxicity and vascular tension, and protect hepatocytes. This book deals with the importance of separation techniques in screening of major lignans, flavonoids and terpenoids in Phyllanthus species using HPLC/UPLC coupled with mass spectrometric techniques.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of important medicinal plants. Screening of major lignans, flavonoids and terpenoids in plant parts/whole plant extracts and their geographical variations in Phyllanthus amarus. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for the quality control of Phyllanthus and its products.

Piper is the representative genus of family Piperaceae. Piper species are pan-tropical in distribution and found in both the hemispheres. As the king of all spices, black pepper, Piper nigrum, led to the global expeditions culminating in the discovery of India and the new world. Piper species have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities such as insecticidal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, anti-hypertensive, antithyroid, antitumor activities and hepatoprotective properties. Botanical authentication of the plants of Piper species is difficult because of the morphological similarity among the species. This book describes ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode to study the quantitative variation of thirteen bioactive markers in different plant parts of ten Piper species.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of the most important medicinal plants of Piper species. Describes chemical signatures for identification of Piper species. Provides easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of Piper species and its products.

Text provides information about advanced OTFT (Organic thin film transistor) structures, their modeling and extraction of performance parameters, materials of individual layers, their molecular structures, basics of pi-conjugated semiconducting materials and their properties, OTFT charge transport phenomena and fabrication techniques. It includes applications of OTFTs such as single and dual gate OTFT based inverter circuits along with bootstrap techniques, SRAM cell designs based on different material and circuit configurations, light emitting diodes (LEDs). Besides this, application of dual gate OTFT in the logic gate, shift register, Flip-Flop, counter circuits will be included as well.

Rauvolfia species, commonly known as Sarpagandha, has been traditionally used in Ayurveda for curing high blood pressure, hypertension, snake bites, fever, and mental illnesses. Due to its wide variety and differences in chemical composition, it is necessary to develop an efficient and reliable method for rapid screening and determination of phytochemicals in the extracts of the Rauvolfia species. This book will provide qualitative and quantitative comparative phytochemical investigations of selected medicinal plants from the Rauvolfia genus using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) techniques. The results will help in assuring the efficacy and safety of Rauvolfia herbal products.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of important medicinal plants. Discusses chemical signatures for the identification of Rauvolfia (Sarpagandha) and its products. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of Rauvolfia and its products.

Ocimum species has been used as a traditional remedy for various ailments such as arthritis, bronchitis, cold, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dysentery, and flatulence, as well as for healing wounds and lowering blood glucose level. These are characterized by variations in their morphology such as the shape, size and pigmentation of leaves, which cause differences in chemical composition and affect the commercial value of this genus. This book describes phytochemical investigations of Ocimum species using LC-MS/MS instruments to study qualitative and quantitative variations of phytochemicals in different Ocimum species.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific analytical and pharmacological evidence of most important medicinal plants of genus Ocimum. Chemical signatures for the identification of Ocimum species. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of plants of Ocimum species and its herbal products.

Several Phyllanthus species are widely used in traditional medicine and herbal formulation for the treatment of a variety of ailments such as flu, dropsy, diabetes, jaundice and bladder calculus. The medicinal properties of these species are due to the presence of lignans, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and terpenoids. Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin are the major lignans from Phyllanthus species having estrogenic properties that reduce toxicity and vascular tension, and protect hepatocytes. This book deals with the importance of separation techniques in screening of major lignans, flavonoids and terpenoids in Phyllanthus species using HPLC/UPLC coupled with mass spectrometric techniques.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of important medicinal plants. Screening of major lignans, flavonoids and terpenoids in plant parts/whole plant extracts and their geographical variations in Phyllanthus amarus. Easy-to-use analytical procedure for the quality control of Phyllanthus and its products.

Piper is the representative genus of family Piperaceae. Piper species are pan-tropical in distribution and found in both the hemispheres. As the king of all spices, black pepper, Piper nigrum, led to the global expeditions culminating in the discovery of India and the new world. Piper species have been reported to possess various pharmacological activities such as insecticidal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, anti-hypertensive, antithyroid, antitumor activities and hepatoprotective properties. Botanical authentication of the plants of Piper species is difficult because of the morphological similarity among the species. This book describes ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode to study the quantitative variation of thirteen bioactive markers in different plant parts of ten Piper species.Features: Collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of the most important medicinal plants of Piper species. Describes chemical signatures for identification of Piper species. Provides easy-to-use analytical procedure for quality control of Piper species and its products.

Tinospora cordifolia stem is used as a tonic, vitalizer, and as a remedy for metabolic disorders to treat allergies, diabetes, dysentery, jaundice, heart diseases, leprosy, rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and urinary disorders. It shows anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic actions and immunosuppressive effects. This book focuses on providing gender and geographical location-based differences in the phytoconstituents of T. cordifolia by the liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method. These methods have potential use in the quality control of T. cordifolia and the screening of herbal preparations.Features: Compilation of ayurvedic features of one of the most important plants of the Indian system of medicines. Useful for all ayurvedic practitioners, researchers, faculty, students, and herbal product manufacturers. Application of advance hyphenated LC-MS techniques for variation study in phytoconstituents.

Piper betle (betel vine) a pan-Asiatic, tropical plant, which can also grow under mild subtropical areas, is essentially grown for leaves which are chewed with array of additives besides slaked lime. The plant is cultivated widely in India and its surrounding areas. Phytochemistry of Piper betel landraces presents a brief on the distribution, historical and cultural aspects, and properties ascribed to this plant in the ancient texts. Phytochemical and pharmacological information has also been included to underscore the importance of this plant in the present time. A detailed account on metabolic profiling employing modern methods is included, such as real-time, direct analysis of the flight mass spectrometric method and chemometric analysis for characterization of the available biodiversity and signatures specific to gender and geographical location. It was also possible to identify the gender of unknown landraces, with the help of principal component analysis.Features: Elaborates on the chemical diversity within Piper betle. Piper betle leaves have mouth freshening antimicrobial compounds. Use of chemical signatures for the identification of different Piper betle landraces, their gender and geographical locations.

Genus Terminalia is known to be a rich source of secondary metabolites, mainly polypohenols and triterpenoids. About 39 species have been phytochemically studied leading to the identification of 368 compounds. This work involves the use of hyphenated mass spectrometric methods such as HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and UPLC-ESI-QqQLIT-MS/MS for qualitative and quantitative analysis of major bioactive constituents in selected medicinal plants without isolation. It also describes the methods of mass fingerprinting and their use to investigate the plant species variations with the help of statistical software’s (PCA). Markers were identified for quality control and authentications.

Genus Terminalia is known to be a rich source of secondary metabolites, mainly polypohenols and triterpenoids. About 39 species have been phytochemically studied leading to the identification of 368 compounds. This work involves the use of hyphenated mass spectrometric methods such as HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and UPLC-ESI-QqQLIT-MS/MS for qualitative and quantitative analysis of major bioactive constituents in selected medicinal plants without isolation. It also describes the methods of mass fingerprinting and their use to investigate the plant species variations with the help of statistical software’s (PCA). Markers were identified for quality control and authentications.

Withania is a genus of the nightshade family of flowering plants distributed in the subtropical regions from the Mediterranean to South East Asia. Only two species, W. somnifera and W. coagulans, are found in India. The most common species is W. somnifera (WS), which occurs naturally in the subtropical regions from the Mediterranean through Africa to the Middle East, the Indian Continent, Sri Lanka, South East Asia, subtropical America and Australia. It is a perennial shrub that grows to 75 cm (.75 m) tall with tomentose branches, oval yellowish green leaves, orange red berries and a papery calyx, and it survives harsher climatic conditions. In Ayurveda it is believed the plants which survive harsh conditions have strong healing and tonification properties. The main bioactive phytoconstituents of WS are withanolides (steroidal lactones), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, phenolics and others. Among the various withanolides, withanolide A, withaferin A, withanone and withanolide D are the most abundant, having various activities. WS is a wonder herb with a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antidepressant, aphrodisiac, antiulcerogenic, antivenom, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, anticancer, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, anticancerous, antidiabetic, antitumor, hemopoetic neuroregenerative, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, radio-sensitizing, rejuvenating, antistress, sedative, hypoglycemic, thyroprotective, adaptogenic, antispasmodic, immunomodulatory, immunostimulant and antiaging properties.The simultaneous quantitative analysis of six major bioactive withanolides in five varieties of WS and in different plant parts (root, stem and leaf) of WS was accomplished. This method is also applicable to control the quality of commercially formulated products which contain WS bioactive compounds. Results indicated the WS variety NMITLI-135 showed the maximum abundance of withanolides at pH 8.5, EC-0.5 dS m−1, ESP-13 in sodic soil. Our results showed this readily available, rapid and reliable method is suitable for the routine analysis and effective quality control of raw materials and finished products.FEATURES Presents a collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific analytical and pharmacological evidence of important medicinal plants of Withania somnifera Useful for natural product researchers, faculty, students and herbal product manufacturers Uses advanced hyphenated techniques for assessing phytoconstituents

Withania is a genus of the nightshade family of flowering plants distributed in the subtropical regions from the Mediterranean to South East Asia. Only two species, W. somnifera and W. coagulans, are found in India. The most common species is W. somnifera (WS), which occurs naturally in the subtropical regions from the Mediterranean through Africa to the Middle East, the Indian Continent, Sri Lanka, South East Asia, subtropical America and Australia. It is a perennial shrub that grows to 75 cm (.75 m) tall with tomentose branches, oval yellowish green leaves, orange red berries and a papery calyx, and it survives harsher climatic conditions. In Ayurveda it is believed the plants which survive harsh conditions have strong healing and tonification properties. The main bioactive phytoconstituents of WS are withanolides (steroidal lactones), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, phenolics and others. Among the various withanolides, withanolide A, withaferin A, withanone and withanolide D are the most abundant, having various activities. WS is a wonder herb with a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antidepressant, aphrodisiac, antiulcerogenic, antivenom, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, anticancer, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, anticancerous, antidiabetic, antitumor, hemopoetic neuroregenerative, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, radio-sensitizing, rejuvenating, antistress, sedative, hypoglycemic, thyroprotective, adaptogenic, antispasmodic, immunomodulatory, immunostimulant and antiaging properties.The simultaneous quantitative analysis of six major bioactive withanolides in five varieties of WS and in different plant parts (root, stem and leaf) of WS was accomplished. This method is also applicable to control the quality of commercially formulated products which contain WS bioactive compounds. Results indicated the WS variety NMITLI-135 showed the maximum abundance of withanolides at pH 8.5, EC-0.5 dS m−1, ESP-13 in sodic soil. Our results showed this readily available, rapid and reliable method is suitable for the routine analysis and effective quality control of raw materials and finished products.FEATURES Presents a collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific analytical and pharmacological evidence of important medicinal plants of Withania somnifera Useful for natural product researchers, faculty, students and herbal product manufacturers Uses advanced hyphenated techniques for assessing phytoconstituents

Cassia is an indigenous plant in Africa, Latin America, Northern Australia and Southeast Asia. Several Cassia species are of high commercial and medicinal significance since they are used as spices and in traditional medicines. Currently plants from genus Cassia is in great demand due to their immense medicinal properties. Cassia species have various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiarthritic, hepatoprotective, antitumor, antifertility, antifungal, antioxidant, antileishmaniatic, antimicrobial, CNS and hypoglycaemic activitiy. Different class of compounds reported from Cassia species are anthraquinones, phenolics, flavonoids, chromenes, terpenes, proanthocyanidins, coumarins, chromones and lignans. The taxonomy and nomenclature of Cassia species are quite complex. It is very difficult to differentiate them due to their overlapping morphological characters and close similarities. This usually leads to misidentification and misinterpretation of the components.Features: Presents collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of most important medicinal plants of Cassia species Chemical signatures for identification of Cassia species Easy to use analytical procedure for quality control of Cassia species and its products.

Cassia is an indigenous plant in Africa, Latin America, Northern Australia and Southeast Asia. Several Cassia species are of high commercial and medicinal significance since they are used as spices and in traditional medicines. Currently plants from genus Cassia is in great demand due to their immense medicinal properties. Cassia species have various pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiarthritic, hepatoprotective, antitumor, antifertility, antifungal, antioxidant, antileishmaniatic, antimicrobial, CNS and hypoglycaemic activitiy. Different class of compounds reported from Cassia species are anthraquinones, phenolics, flavonoids, chromenes, terpenes, proanthocyanidins, coumarins, chromones and lignans. The taxonomy and nomenclature of Cassia species are quite complex. It is very difficult to differentiate them due to their overlapping morphological characters and close similarities. This usually leads to misidentification and misinterpretation of the components.Features: Presents collection of Ayurvedic features and scientific evidence of most important medicinal plants of Cassia species Chemical signatures for identification of Cassia species Easy to use analytical procedure for quality control of Cassia species and its products.

This text describes how the design, analyzing capacity, and optimization criteria of mechatronics systems can be improved using numerical, experimental, and computational approaches, and how it helps in data sensing, fault detection, and diagnosis. It further discusses topics such as intelligent mechatronics systems and their applications in manufacturing, robotics, and automation.This book:Discusses the applications of mechatronics systems in manufacturing, automation, robotics, medical, pharmaceuticals, ground, and air transportation sectorsPresents numerical, experimental, and computational approaches for signal sensing, fault detection, and diagnosisHighlights the importance of using smart technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, digital twins, machine learning, and deep learning for mechatronic systemsIllustrates the concept of controlling mechatronics devices using virtual reality (VR), augmented reality, and mixed realityExplains the need for the Internet of Things for mechatronics systems and applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical industriesIt is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of mechanical engineering, industrial and manufacturing engineering, electrical engineering, electrical and electronics engineering, automotive engineering, and computer engineering.

Progressive Computational Intelligence, Information Technology and Networking presents a rich and diverse collection of cutting-edge research, real-world applications, and innovative methodologies spanning across multiple domains of computer science, artificial intelligence, and emerging technologies. This comprehensive volume brings together different scholarly chapters contributed by researchers, practitioners, and thought leaders from around the globe.The book explores a wide array of topics including—but not limited to—machine learning, deep learning, cloud computing, cybersecurity, Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, natural language processing, image processing, and data analytics. It addresses the practical implementation of technologies in sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, education, smart cities, environmental monitoring, finance, and more.Each chapter delves into specific challenges, frameworks, and experimental outcomes, making this book an essential reference for academicians, researchers, industry professionals, and students who aim to stay ahead in the rapidly evolving digital world.

Progressive Computational Intelligence, Information Technology and Networking presents a rich and diverse collection of cutting-edge research, real-world applications, and innovative methodologies spanning across multiple domains of computer science, artificial intelligence, and emerging technologies. This comprehensive volume brings together different scholarly chapters contributed by researchers, practitioners, and thought leaders from around the globe.The book explores a wide array of topics including—but not limited to—machine learning, deep learning, cloud computing, cybersecurity, Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, natural language processing, image processing, and data analytics. It addresses the practical implementation of technologies in sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, education, smart cities, environmental monitoring, finance, and more.Each chapter delves into specific challenges, frameworks, and experimental outcomes, making this book an essential reference for academicians, researchers, industry professionals, and students who aim to stay ahead in the rapidly evolving digital world.

Text provides information about advanced OTFT (Organic thin film transistor) structures, their modeling and extraction of performance parameters, materials of individual layers, their molecular structures, basics of pi-conjugated semiconducting materials and their properties, OTFT charge transport phenomena and fabrication techniques. It includes applications of OTFTs such as single and dual gate OTFT based inverter circuits along with bootstrap techniques, SRAM cell designs based on different material and circuit configurations, light emitting diodes (LEDs). Besides this, application of dual gate OTFT in the logic gate, shift register, Flip-Flop, counter circuits will be included as well.